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Adams and Victor's: Principles of Neurology PDF

1398 Pages·2005·30.72 MB·English
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45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH BLANK topofrh baseofrh capheight baseoftext short stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH RIGHT topofrh baseofrh capheight baseoftext A V DAMSAND ICTOR’S P RINCIPLESOF NEUROLOGY short stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH LEFT topofrh baseofrh capheight baseoftext NOTICE Medicine is an ever-changing science. As newresearchandclinicalexperiencebroaden ourknowledge,changesintreatmentanddrugtherapyarerequired.Theauthorsandthe publisherofthisworkhavecheckedwithsourcesbelievedtobereliableintheireffortsto provideinformationthatiscompleteandgenerallyinaccordwiththestandardsaccepted atthetimeofpublication.However,inviewofthepossibilityofhumanerrororchanges inmedicalsciences,neithertheauthorsnorthepublishernoranyotherpartywhohasbeen involvedinthepreparationorpublicationofthisworkwarrantsthattheinformationcon- tainedhereinisineveryrespectaccurateorcomplete,andtheydisclaimallresponsibility foranyerrorsoromissionsorfortheresultsobtainedfromuseoftheinformationcontained in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product informationsheetincludedinthepackageofeachdrugtheyplantoadministertobecertain that the information contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications foradministration.Thisrec- ommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs. short stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH RIGHT topofrh baseofrh capheight baseoftext A V DAMSAND ICTOR’S P RINCIPLESOF NEUROLOGY Eighth Edition Allan H. Ropper, M.D. ProfessorandChairmanofNeurology TuftsUniversitySchoolofMedicine RemondiChairmanofNeurology CaritasSt.Elizabeth’sMedicalCenter Boston,Massachusetts Robert H. Brown, D.Phil., M.D. ProfessorofNeurology HarvardMedicalSchool Director,DayNeuromuscularResearchLaboratory MassachusettsGeneralHospital Boston,Massachusetts McGraw-Hill M P D EDICAL UBLISHING IVISION NewYork Chicago SanFrancisco Lisbon London Madrid MexicoCity short Milan NewDelhi SanJuan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH BLANK topofrh baseofrh capheight baseoftext Copyright © 2005, 2001, 1997, 1993, 1989, 1985, 1981, 1977, by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-146971-0 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141620-X. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw- Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0071469710 short stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH BLANK topofrh baseofrh capheight baseoftext ������������ Want to learn more? We hope you enjoy this McGraw-Hill eBook! If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here. short stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH RIGHT For more information about this title, click here CONTENTS topofrh baseofrh capheight baseoftext Preface ix P A R T 1 THE CLINICAL METHOD OF NEUROLOGY 1 1 Approach to the Patient with Neurologic Disease 3 2 Special Techniques for Neurologic Diagnosis 11 P A R T 2 CARDINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE 35 S E C T I O N 1 DISORDERS OF MOTILITY 37 3 Motor Paralysis 39 4 Abnormalities of Movement and Posture due to Disease of the Basal Ganglia 55 5 Incoordination and Other Disorders of Cerebellar Function 71 6 Tremor, Myoclonus, Focal Dystonias, and Tics 80 7 Disorders of Stance and Gait 100 S E C T I O N 2 PAIN AND OTHER DISORDERS OF SOMATIC SENSATION, HEADACHE, AND BACKACHE 109 8 Pain 111 9 Other Somatic Sensation 129 10 Headache and Other Craniofacial Pains 144 11 Pain in the Back, Neck, and Extremities 168 S E C T I O N 3 DISORDERS OF THE SPECIAL SENSES 193 short 12 Disorders of Smell and Taste 195 stand long v dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH LEFT vi Contents topofrh baseofrh capheight 13 Disturbances of Vision 203 baseoftext 14 Disorders of Ocular Movement and Pupillary Function 222 15 Deafness, Dizziness, and Disorders of Equilibrium 246 S E C T I O N 4 EPILEPSY AND DISORDERS OF CONSCIOUSNESS 269 16 Epilepsy and Other Seizure Disorders 271 17 Coma and Related Disorders of Consciousness 302 18 Faintness and Syncope 322 19 Sleep and Its Abnormalities 333 S E C T I O N 5 DERANGEMENTS OF INTELLECT, BEHAVIOR, AND LANGUAGE DUE TO DIFFUSE AND FOCAL CEREBRAL DISEASE 353 20 Delirium and Other Acute Confusional States 355 21 Dementia and the Amnesic (Korsakoff) Syndrome with Comments on the Neurology of Intelligence and Memory 367 22 Neurologic Disorders Caused by Lesions in Particular Parts of the Cerebrum 385 23 Disorders of Speech and Language 413 S E C T I O N 6 DISORDERS OF ENERGY, MOOD, AND AUTONOMIC AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS 431 24 Fatigue, Asthenia, Anxiety, and Depressive Reactions 433 25 Limbic Lobes and the Neurology of Emotion 442 26 Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System, Respiration, and Swallowing 452 27 The Hypothalamus and Neuroendocrine Disorders 480 P A R T 3 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE NEUROLOGY OF AGING 491 28 Normal Development and Deviations in Development of the Nervous System 493 short 29 The Neurology of Aging 519 stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH RIGHT Contents vii topofrh baseofrh P A R T 4 capheight baseoftext MAJOR CATEGORIES OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE 527 30 Disturbances of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Its Circulation, Including Hydrocephalus, Pseudotumor Cerebri, and Low-Pressure Syndromes 529 31 Intracranial Neoplasms and Paraneoplastic Disorders 546 32 Infections of the Nervous System (Bacterial, Fungal, Spirochetal, Parasitic) and Sarcoidosis 592 33 Viral Infections of the Nervous System, Chronic Meningitis, and Prion Diseases 631 34 Cerebrovascular Diseases 660 35 Craniocerebral Trauma 747 36 Multiple Sclerosis and Allied Demyelinative Diseases 771 37 The Inherited Metabolic Diseases of the Nervous System 797 38 Developmental Diseases of the Nervous System 850 39 Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System 895 40 The Acquired Metabolic Disorders of the Nervous System 959 41 Diseases of the Nervous System due to Nutritional Deficiency 983 42 Alcohol and Alcoholism 1004 43 Disorders of the Nervous System due to Drugs, Toxins, and Other Chemical Agents 1016 P A R T 5 DISEASES OF SPINAL CORD, PERIPHERAL NERVE, AND MUSCLE 1047 44 Diseases of the Spinal Cord 1049 45 Electrophysiologic and Laboratory Aids in the Diagnosis of Neuromuscular Disease 1092 46 Diseases of the Peripheral Nerves 1110 47 Diseases of the Cranial Nerves 1178 48 Principles of Clinical Myology: Diagnosis and Classification of Diseases of Muscle and Neuromuscular Junction 1191 49 The Inflammatory Myopathies 1202 50 The Muscular Dystrophies 1213 51 The Metabolic and Toxic Myopathies 1230 52 The Congenital Neuromuscular Disorders 1244 53 Myasthenia Gravis and Related Disorders of the Neuromuscular Junction 1250 54 The Periodic Paralyses and Hereditary, Nondystrophic Myotonias 1265 short 55 Disorders of Muscle Characterized by Cramp, Spasm, Pain, and Localized Masses 1276 stand long dropfolio 45077 Ropper:AdamsandVictor’sPrinciplesofNeurology,8/E McGraw-Hill BATCH LEFT viii Contents topofrh baseofrh P A R T 6 capheight baseoftext PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS 1285 56 The Neuroses and Personality Disorders 1291 57 Reactive Depression, Endogenous Depression, and Manic-Depressive Disease 1308 58 The Schizophrenias and Paranoid States 1318 Index 1333 short stand long dropfolio

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