Academic and Behavior Supports for At-Risk Students The Guilford Practical Intervention in the Schools Series Kenneth W. Merrell, Founding Editor T. Chris Riley- Tillman, Series Editor This series presents the most reader- friendly resources available in key areas of evidence-based practice in school settings. Practitioners will find trustworthy guides on effective behavioral, mental health, and academic interventions, and assessment and measurement approaches. Covering all aspects of planning, implementing, and evaluating high- quality services for students, books in the series are carefully crafted for everyday utility. Features include ready-to-use reproducibles, lay-flat binding to facilitate photocopying, appealing visual ele- ments, and an oversized format. Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Young Children: Effective Interventions in the Preschool and Kindergarten Years Gretchen A. Gimpel and Melissa L. Holland Resilient Classrooms: Creating Healthy Environments for Learning Beth Doll, Steven Zucker, and Katherine Brehm Helping Schoolchildren with Chronic Health Conditions: A Practical Guide Daniel L. Clay Interventions for Reading Problems: Designing and Evaluating Effective Strategies Edward J. Daly III, Sandra Chafouleas, and Christopher H. Skinner Safe and Healthy Schools: Practical Prevention Strategies Jeffrey R. Sprague and Hill M. Walker School-Based Crisis Intervention: Preparing All Personnel to Assist Melissa Allen Heath and Dawn Sheen Assessing Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students: A Practical Guide Robert L. Rhodes, Salvador Hector Ochoa, and Samuel O. Ortiz Mental Health Medications for Children: A Primer Ronald T. Brown, Laura Arnstein Carpenter, and Emily Simerly Clinical Interviews for Children and Adolescents: Assessment to Intervention Stephanie H. McConaughy The ABCs of CBM: A Practical Guide to Curriculum-Based Measurement Michelle K. Hosp, John L. Hosp, and Kenneth W. Howell Fostering Independent Learning: Practical Strategies to Promote Student Success Virginia Smith Harvey and Louise A. Chickie-Wolfe Helping Students Overcome Substance Abuse: Effective Practices for Prevention and Intervention Jason J. Burrow- Sanchez and Leanne S. Hawken School-Based Behavioral Assessment: Informing Intervention and Instruction Sandra Chafouleas, T. Chris Riley- Tillman, and George Sugai Collaborating with Parents for Early School Success: The Achieving– Behaving– Caring Program Stephanie H. McConaughy, Pam Kay, Julie A. Welkowitz, Kim Hewitt, and Martha D. Fitzgerald Helping Students Overcome Depression and Anxiety, Second Edition: A Practical Guide Kenneth W. Merrell Inclusive Assessment and Accountability: A Guide to Accommodations for Students with Diverse Needs Sara E. Bolt and Andrew T. Roach Bullying Prevention and Intervention: Realistic Strategies for Schools Susan M. Swearer, Dorothy L. Espelage, and Scott A. Napolitano Conducting School-Based Functional Behavioral Assessments, Second Edition: A Practitioner’s Guide Mark W. Steege and T. Steuart Watson Evaluating Educational Interventions: Single-Case Design for Measuring Response to Intervention T. Chris Riley- Tillman and Matthew K. Burns Collaborative Home/School Interventions: Evidence-Based Solutions for Emotional, Behavioral, and Academic Problems Gretchen Gimpel Peacock and Brent R. Collett Social and Emotional Learning in the Classroom: Promoting Mental Health and Academic Success Kenneth W. Merrell and Barbara A. Gueldner Executive Skills in Children and Adolescents, Second Edition: A Practical Guide to Assessment and Intervention Peg Dawson and Richard Guare Responding to Problem Behavior in Schools, Second Edition: The Behavior Education Program Deanne A. Crone, Leanne S. Hawken, and Robert H. Horner High- Functioning Autism/Asperger Syndrome in Schools: Asessment and Intervention Frank J. Sansosti, Kelly A. Powell-Smith, and Richard J. Cowan School Discipline and Self- Discipline: A Practical Guide to Promoting Prosocial Student Behavior George G. Bear Response to Intervention, Second Edition: Principles and Strategies for Effective Practice Rachel Brown- Chidsey and Mark W. Steege Child and Adolescent Suicidal Behavior: School-Based Prevention, Assessment, and Intervention David N. Miller Cognitive Therapy for Adolescents in School Settings Torrey A. Creed, Jarrod Reisweber, and Aaron T. Beck Motivational Interviewing for Effective Classroom Management: The Classroom Check-Up Wendy M. Reinke, Keith C. Herman, and Randy Sprick Positive Behavior Support in Secondary Schools: A Practical Guide Ellie L. Young, Paul Caldarella, Michael J. Richardson, and K. Richard Young Academic and Behavior Supports for At-Risk Students: Tier 2 Interventions Melissa Stormont, Wendy M. Reinke, Keith C. Herman, and Erica S. Lembke RTI Applications, Volume 1: Academic and Behavioral Interventions Matthew K. Burns, T. Chris Riley- Tillman, and Amanda M. VanDerHeyden Coaching Students with Executive Skills Deficits Peg Dawson and Richard Guare Enhancing Instructional Problem Solving: An Efficient System for Assisting Struggling Learners John C. Begeny, Ann C. Schulte, and Kent Johnson Academic and Behavior Supports for At-Risk Students Tier 2 Interventions MEliSSa SToRMonT WEndy M. REinKE KEiTh C. hERMan ERiCa S. lEMbKE ThE GUilFoRd PRESS new york london © 2012 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 www.guilford.com All rights reserved Except as indicated, no part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Last digit is print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LIMITED PHOTOCOPY LICENSE These materials are intended for use only by qualified professionals. The publisher grants to individual purchasers of this book nonassignable permission to reproduce all materials for which photocopying permission is specifically granted in a footnote. This license is limited to you, the individual purchaser, for personal use or use with individual clients or students. This license does not grant the right to reproduce these materials for resale, redistribution, electronic display, or any other purposes (including but not limited to books, pamphlets, articles, video- or audiotapes, blogs, file-sharing sites, Internet or intranet sites, and handouts or slides for lectures, workshops, webinars, or therapy groups, whether or not a fee is charged). Permission to reproduce these materials for these and any other purposes must be obtained in writing from the Permissions Department of Guilford Publications. The authors have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards of practice that are accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in behavioral, mental health, or medical sciences, neither the authors, nor the editor and publisher, nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such information. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained in this book with other sources. Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data Academic and behavior supports for at-risk students : tier 2 interventions / Melissa Stormont ... [et al.]. p. cm. — (The Guilford practical intervention in the schools series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4625-0304-9 (pbk.) 1. Problem children—Education. 2. Learning disabled children—Education. 3. Problem children—Behavior modification. 4. Learning disabled children—Behavior modification. 5. Remedial teaching. I. Stormont, Melissa. LC4801.A32 2012 371.93—dc23 2011043574 In memory of Dr. Ken Merrell, a cherished mentor, colleague, and friend who inspired a generation of school psychologists and special educators. His spirit will live on in this influential book series. About the Authors Melissa Stormont, PhD, is Associate Professor in the Department of Special Education at the University of Missouri. Dr. Stormont has published extensive research related to the educational and social needs of young children who are vulnerable for failure in school, including children with behavior problems, children with attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and children who are homeless. She spent 3 years as a preschool teacher and has conducted extensive field research in Head Start and early childhood settings. She has focused the majority of her research efforts on factors contributing to early behavior prob- lems in young children. Dr. Stormont has published more than 60 articles, books, and book chapters related to the needs of children at risk for failure. Wendy M. Reinke, PhD, is Assistant Professor in the Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology at the University of Missouri. Dr. Reinke is the Founder and Co- Director of the Missouri Prevention Center and Co-Investigator for the Johns Hopkins Center for Prevention and Early Intervention. She has published extensively on supporting teachers with classroom management and on prevention and early intervention of disruptive behavior problems in children; is coauthor of the books Coaching Classroom Management and Motivational Interviewing for Effective Classroom Management; and has trained hun- dreds of school-based coaches around the country to deliver her teacher consultation model. Dr. Reinke is on the editorial boards of the Journal of School Psychology, School Psychol- ogy Quarterly, and the Journal of Applied School Psychology. Dr. Reinke currently is the Principal Investigator on two federally funded grants totaling over $3.6 million, including a large-scale group randomized efficacy trial funded by the Institute of Education Sciences. Keith C. Herman, PhD, is Associate Professor in the Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology at the University of Missouri and Co- Director of the Missouri Prevention Center. In addition to his training in counseling psychology, Dr. Herman com- pleted respecialization training in school psychology at the University of Oregon. He pres- ents nationally and has published over 60 peer- reviewed articles and book chapters. Much ix