A Collection of Papers Presented at the 66th Conference on Glass Problems: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 27, Issue 1

210 Pages·2006·12.66 MB·English

66th Conference
on Glass Problems
66th Conference
on Glass Problems
A Collection of Papers Presented at the
66th Conference on Glass Problems,
The University of lllinois at Urbana-Champaign,
October 24-26,2005
Editor
Waltraud M. Kriven
@X&CIENCE
A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
Copyright Q 2006 by the American Ceramics Society. All rights reserved.
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ISBN-13 978-0-470-0681 1-3
ISBN- 10 0-470-068 1 1-6
3 978-0-470-06977-6 (special edition)
ISBN-1
ISBN-I0 0-470-06977-5 (special edition)
Printed in the United States of America.
I 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Foreword vi i
Preface ix
Ac knowl edgements xi
Furnaces
First Industrial Results of ALGLASS SUN Operation 3
Bertrand Leroux, Jean-Franqois Simon, Alban Pokier, Gabriel Constantin,
Youssef Joumani, and Remi Tsiava
On-Line Oxygen Sensor for the Tin Bath in Float Glass
Production Lines 19
Paul R. Laimbtick and Ruud G.C. Beerkens
An Advanced Control System to Increase Glass Quality and Glass
Production Yields Based on GS ESlll Technology 33
H.P.H. Muijsenberg, G. Neff, Josef Muller, J. Chmelar, R. Bodi, and Matustik
F.
Breaking the Boundaries of PID 47
Megan Kornowa-Weichel and Steve Nixon
Refractories
Service Experience and Postmortem Analysis of High Alumina
Crown Refractories from E-Glass Furnaces
55
Gregory Canute, Howard Winkelbauer and Mathew Wheeler
Silica Loss in Crowns by Reactions with Glass Melt Vapours 69
R.G.C. Beerkens
Raw Materials
Techniques for Upgrading Dust Collection Systems
83
Thomas Godbey
V
The Influence of Batch Segregation and Bulk Flow on Glass Quality 91
Roger A. Barnum
Measurements of Batch and Cullet Using Laser Induced
Breakdown Spectroscopy 105
Joseph C. Craparo, Are1 Weisberg, and Robert De Saro
Glass Batch Raw Material Transportation: Expensive and Unreliable 119
Robert Morrow
Amber Glass40 Years of Lessons Learned 129
C. Philip Ross and David D. Myers
The Use of Borates in Glass Melting 141
J. Simon and Mark D. Noirot
Effect of Key Oxides, Including Li,O, on Reducing the Melt Viscosity
and Energy Demand of E-Glass Compositions 155
F. T. Wallenberger, R. Hicks and A. T. Bierhals
J.
Environmental Issues
Recycling of Cullet into Flat Glass Melting Furnaces 169
Andreas Kasper
Recycling in Container Glass Production: Present Problems in
European Glass Industry 181
Ruud Beerkens and Engelbert van Santen
G.C.
Contribution to the Characterization of Dust Emissions of Glass
Melting Furnaces
203
Andreas Kasper, Ernst Carduck, Monika Manges, Herbert Stadelmann,
and Jurgen Klinkers
vi . 66th Conference on Glass Problems
Foreword
The 66th International Conference on Glass Problems was co-sponsored by the De-
partments of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of lllinois at Ur-
bana-Champaign (UIUC), and the Ohio State University. The director of the con-
ference was Professor Waltraud M. Kriven. The conference took place at the
Krannert Center for the Performing Arts, on the UIUC campus. The welcoming ad-
dress was given by Professor Ian Robertson, Head of the Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, followed by Dr. Bruce Vojak, Associate Dean of the Col-
lege of Engineering, at UIUC.
The themes of the three half-day sessions were chaired by the members of the
Advisory Committee, as follows:
Furnaces
C. Philip Ross, Glass Industry Consulting
Robert R. Thomas, Corning Inc.
Refi-actories
Dick Bennett, Johns Manville Inc.
Daryl S. Clendenen, Vesuvius Monofrax, Inc.
Raw Materials
Tom Dankert, Owen-Illinois, Inc.
Larry McCloskey, Toledo Engineering Co., Inc.
Environmental Issues
Ruud Beerkens, TNO TPD Glass Group
Gerald DiGiampaolo, PPG Industries
In addition, three posters were featured throughout the duration of the conference.
This year the banquet was replaced with an evening-long reception and social mix-
ing.
vii
Preface
In the tradition of previous conferences started in 1934 at the University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign, the papers presented at the 66th Annual Conference on
Glass Problems have been collected and published in this 2006 edition of The Col-
lected Papers.
The manuscripts were reproduced as provided by the authors, but they were re-
viewed prior to presentation by the respective session chairs. Their invaluable assis-
tance and care were greatly appreciated. W. M. Kriven undertook minor edition
with further editing by the American Ceramic Society. The University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign is not responsible for the statements and opinions expressed in
this publication.
WALTRAUDM . KRIVEN
Urbana-Champaign, IL
February 2006
ix
Acknowledgements
It is a pleasure to acknowledge the professional assistance and advice provided by
the members of the Program Advisory Committee in reviewing the presentations
and planning of the program. The support of their respective companies to these in-
dividuals, as well as to the Glass Industry and community as a whole, is also grate-
fully acknowledged.
Ruud Beerkens, TNO TPD Glass Group
Dick Bennett, Johns Manville Inc.
Daryl S. Clendenen, Vesuvius Monofrax, Inc.
Tom Dankert, Owen-Illinois, Inc.
Gerald DiGiampaolo, PPG Industries
Larry McCloskey, Toledo Engineering Co., Inc.
C. Philip Ross, Glass Industry Consulting
Robert R. Thomas, Corning Inc.
Finally, we value the tireless efforts over many years, of Mr. Jay Menacher, As-
sistant to the Head of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, which
again ensured the smooth running of the conference at the UlUC campus.
xi
k urnaces
66th Conference on Glass Problems
Waltraud M. Kriven
Copyright 0 2006 by the American Ceramics Society
FIRST INDUSTRlAL RESULTS OF ALGLASS SUN OPERATION
’, ’,
Bertrand Leroux’, Jean-Franqois Simon Alban Poirier
’,
Gabriel Constantin I, Youssef Joumani and RCmi Tsiava
I Air Liquide Claude-Delorme Research Center
I, chemin de la Porte des Loges - Les Loges-en-Josas - BPI 26
78354 JOUY-EN-JOSAS Cedex
Air Liquide Head office
75, Quai d’Orsay
75321 Paris
Air Liquide DAP
11 rue de la Croix Blanche- L.es Loges-en-Josas - BPI26
78354 JOUY-EN-JOSAS Cedex
ABSTRACT
The paper presents the results of some of the first industrial references obtained for
ALGLASS SUN burner, the latest technology developed by AIR LlQUlDE for large glass
furnaces. This combustion system relies on a large separation of the fuel and oxidant streams and
on the adjustable distribution of the oxidant in three various injections. After having
demonstrated in AIR LIQUIDE pilot furnace the minimization of NOx emissions with such a
technology and its flexibility regarding the control of flame length and heat transfer, we have
confirmed these advantages through two first industrial references: an oxy boosting in a
regenerative air firing furnace producing figured glass and a new full oxy firing furnace
manufacturing borosilicate glass.
INTRODUCTION
To go further into NOx reduction while controlling the heat transfer to the load, AIR
LIQUIDE has developed and patented a new technology called ALGLASS SUN burner (see
geometry in Fig. I).
The design of this technology is based on a double impulse system with separate oxidant
jets. A first oxidant flow (primary 02) adjoining the fuel injection enables to initiate combustion
and to guarantee flame stability. A second oxidant flow is located at a certain distance of the fuel
injection (secondary 02) while a third one is positioned at a larger distance (tertiary 02). Our
burner includes also a special device called “dispatching box” (see (6) on Fig. 1). Thanks to such
a device, a single regulation for 0 2 flow is required since it monitors the distribution between
tertiary 0 2a nd the other 0 2 flows. Three possible oxidant distributions may be selected: either
50% or 60% or 75% of total oxygen flow rate can be directed towards tertiary 0 2 i njections (see
[I] for a more detailed description of this technology).
The benefits provided by ALGLASS SUN burner were first underscored in AIR LIQUIDE
pilot furnace. One of its main advantages is its high flexibility. Flame structure and length may
indeed be controlled through oxygen distribution, by reporting more or less oxygen towards
3