ebook img

4G Femtocells: Resource Allocation and Interference Management PDF

85 Pages·2013·1.823 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview 4G Femtocells: Resource Allocation and Interference Management

SPRINGER BRIEFS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE Haijun Zhang Xiaoli Chu Xiangming Wen 4G Femtocells Resource Allocation and Interference Management 123 SpringerBriefs in Computer Science SeriesEditors StanZdonik PengNing ShashiShekhar JonathanKatz XindongWu LakhmiC.Jain DavidPadua XueminShen BorkoFurht VSSubrahmanian MartialHebert KatsushiIkeuchi BrunoSiciliano Forfurthervolumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10028 Haijun Zhang • Xiaoli Chu (cid:129) Xiangming Wen 4G Femtocells Resource Allocation and Interference Management 123 HaijunZhang XiaoliChu CollegeofInformationScience DepartmentofElectronic andTechnology andElectricalEngineering BeijingUniversityofChemical TheUniversityofSheffield Technology Sheffield,UK Beijing,China,People’sRepublic XiangmingWen BeijingUniversityofPosts andTelecommunications Beijing,China,People’sRepublic ISSN2191-5768 ISSN2191-5776(electronic) ISBN978-1-4614-9079-1 ISBN978-1-4614-9080-7(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-9080-7 SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013947965 ©TheAuthor(s)2013 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’slocation,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer. PermissionsforusemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violations areliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with respecttothematerialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface Femtocells have been considered as a promising technology to provide better indoor coverage and spatial reuse gains in the last few years. Femtocells are low power,lowcostanduserdeployedwirelessaccesspointsthatuselocalbroadband connections as backhaul. Not only the users but also the operators benefit from femtocells. On the one hand, users enjoy high-quality links; on the other hand, operators decrease the operational expenditure (OPEX) and capital expenditure (CAPEX) due to the traffic offloading and user’s self-deployment of femtocell base stations (FBSs). Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) basedfemtocellshavebeenconsideredinmajorwirelesscommunicationstandards, e.g.,LTE/LTE-Advanced.Due to spectrumscarcity andimplementationdifficulty, spectrum-sharing,ratherthanspectrumsplitting,betweenfemtocellsandmacrocells ismorepreferablefromtheoperator’sperspective.However,co-channeldeployed femtocellsmayleadtosevereco-channelinterferencebetweenfemtocellsindense deployment,andcross-tierinferencebetweenmacro-tierandfemto-tier. Duetothefadingcoefficientsofdifferentsubchannelsarelikelytobeindepen- dentfordifferentusers,whichareknownasmultiuserdiversity(MUD),maximum system spectral efficiency can be achieved by selecting the best user for each subchannel and adapting the associated transmit power. Therefore, resource allo- cationisoneofthemostimportanttechniquesforfemtocellstomaximizespectral efficiencyandmitigateinterference.Powercontrolandsubchannelallocationhave been widely used to alleviate cross-tier and/or co-tier interference and satisfy diversequalityofservice(QoS)forco-channeldeploymentoffemtocells.However, there has not been any book specifically addressing femtocell network resource allocation with various objectives, constraints and optimizing variables taken into consideration. Inthisbook,weaddresstheforegoingissuesandprovideanin-depthdiscussion on the latest resource allocation and interference management issues for femto- cells. The discussion begins with introducing femtocells and their development in Chap.1. After that, resource allocation in dense deployed femtocells is inves- tigated in Chap.2. Such techniques include user scheduling and power control to maximize capacity of femtocells. In Chap.3, an interference-aware pricing-based v vi Preface resource allocation algorithm for co-channel femtocells is proposed to alleviate their interference to macrocells without degrading the femtocells’ capacity. The subchanneland power allocation problem is modeled as a non-cooperativegame. A suboptimal subchannel allocation algorithm and an optimal power allocation algorithm are proposed to implement the resource allocation game. In Chap.4, resourceallocationisinvestigatedinbothuplinkanddownlinkfortwo-tiernetworks comprising spectrum-sharing femtocells and macrocells. A resource allocation scheme for co-channel femtocells is proposed, aiming to maximize the capacity for both delay-sensitive users and delay-tolerant users subject to delay-sensitive users’ QoS constraints and the interference constraint imposed by the macrocell. The subchannel and power allocation problem is modeled as a mixed integer programming problem, then transformed into a convex optimization problem by relaxingsubchannelsharing,andfinallysolvedbythedualdecompositionmethod. Thecomplexityoftheproposedalgorithmsisanalyzed,andtheeffectivenessofthe proposedalgorithmsis verifiedby simulations.InChap.5, we proposean energy- aware uplink power control scheme for two-tier femto-macro networks based on non-cooperativegame.InChap.6,weproposeadifferentiated-pricingbasedpower allocationalgorithmfortheuplinkofspectrum-sharingfemtocells,basedonanon- cooperativegameframework.Concludingremarksandfuturetrendsareprovidedin Chap.7. Beijing,China,People’sRepublic HaijunZhang Sheffield,UK XiaoliChu Beijing,China,People’sRepublic XiangmingWen Contents 1 Introductionto4GFemtocells............................................... 1 1.1 4GFemtocellNetworks.................................................. 1 1.2 ResourceAllocationandInterferenceManagement.................... 2 1.3 ChallengesandIssues.................................................... 4 References...................................................................... 4 2 AntColonyAlgorithm(ACA)BasedDownlinkResource AllocationinFemtocells...................................................... 7 2.1 Introduction .............................................................. 7 2.2 SystemModelandProblemFormulation............................... 8 2.2.1 SystemModel.................................................... 8 2.2.2 ProblemFormulation............................................ 10 2.3 ResourceAllocationUsingACA........................................ 10 2.3.1 ApplicationofACAinResourceAllocation................... 11 2.3.2 AlgorithmDescription........................................... 12 2.3.3 ParametersandConvergenceofACA .......................... 14 2.4 PerformanceEvaluation ................................................. 14 2.5 Conclusion ............................................................... 17 References...................................................................... 17 3 Cross-TierInterferencePricingBasedUplinkResource AllocationinTwo-TierNetworks............................................ 21 3.1 Introduction .............................................................. 21 3.2 SystemModelandProblemFormulation............................... 23 3.2.1 SystemModel.................................................... 23 3.2.2 ProblemFormulation............................................ 25 3.3 Interference-AwareResourceAllocation ............................... 25 3.3.1 AGameTheoreticFramework.................................. 26 3.3.2 Interference-AwareSubchannelAllocation .................... 27 3.3.3 Interference-AwarePowerAllocation .......................... 28 3.3.4 Semi-distributedImplementation............................... 29 3.4 SimulationResultsandDiscussion...................................... 30 vii viii Contents 3.5 Conclusion ............................................................... 33 References...................................................................... 35 4 Resource Allocation in Femtocells with Cross-Tier InterferenceLimits ........................................................... 37 4.1 Introduction .............................................................. 37 4.2 SystemModelandProblemFormulation............................... 39 4.2.1 SystemModel.................................................... 39 4.2.2 ProblemFormulation............................................ 39 4.3 SubchannelandPowerAllocationAlgorithm.......................... 40 4.3.1 Transformation of Optimization Problem byTime-SharingRelaxation .................................... 41 4.3.2 DualDecompositionMethod.................................... 42 4.3.3 IterativeResourceAllocationAlgorithm....................... 44 4.3.4 DownlinkCase................................................... 45 4.4 SimulationResults and Discussions.................................... 46 4.5 Conclusion ............................................................... 49 References...................................................................... 49 5 Energy Efficient Power Control in Femtocells with InterferencePricing .......................................................... 51 5.1 Introduction .............................................................. 51 5.2 SystemModelandProblemFormulation............................... 52 5.2.1 SystemModel.................................................... 52 5.2.2 ProblemFormulation............................................ 53 5.3 Non-cooperativePowerControlGamewithConvexPricing.......... 54 5.3.1 FemtocellUtilityFunction ...................................... 55 5.3.2 Super-ModularGames........................................... 55 5.3.3 Energy-AwarePowerControlNPG-CP ........................ 57 5.4 PerformanceEvaluation ................................................. 58 5.5 Conclusion ............................................................... 60 References...................................................................... 61 6 Differentiated-PricingBasedPowerAllocationinDense FemtocellNetworks........................................................... 63 6.1 Introduction .............................................................. 63 6.2 SystemModelandProblemFormulation............................... 64 6.2.1 SystemModel.................................................... 64 6.2.2 ProblemFormulation............................................ 65 6.3 Differentiated-PricingBasedPowerAllocation ........................ 66 6.3.1 GameTheoreticBasedonDifferentiatedPricing.............. 67 6.3.2 Differentiated-PricingFunction................................. 69 6.3.3 DynamicPowerAllocation...................................... 70 6.4 SimulationResultsandDiscussion...................................... 70 6.4.1 SimulationParameters........................................... 70 6.4.2 PerformanceAnalysis ........................................... 71 Contents ix 6.5 Conclusion ............................................................... 72 References...................................................................... 73 7 ConclusionsandFutureWorks.............................................. 75 7.1 Conclusions .............................................................. 75 7.2 FutureWorks............................................................. 76

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.