2018 Standard Catalog of World Coins 2001-Date, 12th edition

1490 Pages·2017·292.28 MB·English

by  Thomas Michael, Tracy Schmidt

2001-Date
2018
MODERN MARVELS WOStandRard CaLtalog oDf ®

12th Edition
S
howcasing the collaboration and knowledge of 150
worldwide experts, World Mints and Central Banks, W
there is no better reference to the modern collectible 2
coin market than 2018 Standard Catalog of World Coins, 0
2001-Date, 12th edition. 1 COINS
8
Arranged in alphabetical order by country and O

with groupings for political structure, coinage type S
and denomination, this impressive catalog offers an t
a
easy-to-follow fl ow of data to coins representing the
R
most innovative and ingenious design and execution in n
numismatic history. d
Extensive yet easily managed, the catalog offers: a
L
• Current values for coins organized by country r
d 2001-Date
and listed by denomination and issue date
12th Edition
• Globally accepted KM reference numbers C
D
• Detailed description, weights and measures a
THOMAS MICHAEL, SENIOR EDITOR & MARKET ANALYST • TRACY L. SCHMIDT, EDITOR
• New MS66, PF67 and PF69 values for Peoples t
a
Republic of China

l
C
• More than 1000 new type listings for 2015 and 2016 o
g
• 96 pages of new information and images

o
O
f

®
I
s Market analyst Thomas Michael has Tracy L. Schmidt worked for several
r served as director of world coin values years in the numismatics auction N
o
t for all of Krause Publications world coin business before joining the Numismatics
i
d catalogs for 30 years. Equipped with a team at Krause Publications. She has
E
Bachelor of Arts degree in history and an extensive editorial background in
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h a Master of Arts degree in economics, the fi eld and serves as the lead editor S
t Michael, who has a lifelong passion for a number of reference catalogs.

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u for numismatics, has played a critical
o
role in the creation of more than 100
b
A industry-leading references.
MICHAEL
25,000

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A division of F+W Media, Inc. Th e World’s Best-Selling Coin Books
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CCoovveerr__RR44996666..iinndddd 11 77//1122//1177 1111::0022 AAMM
2018
®
Standard Catalog of
WORLD COINS
2001-Date
12th Edition
Thomas Michael, Senior Editor & Market Analyst
Tracy L. Schmidt, Editor
Richard Giedroyc, U.S. Market Analyst
S P E C I A L T R I B U T E
For years of service to For years of service to
Numismatics and coauthoring the Numismatics and the
Standard Catalog of ® World Coins Standard Catalog of ® World Coins
Chester L. Krause Maruta Brûkle
S P E C I A L C O N T R I B U T O R S
Melvyn Kassenoff • Michael Chou
Bullion Value (BV) Market Valuations
Valuations for all platinum, gold, palladium and silver coins of the more common, basically bullion types, or those
possessing only modest numismatic premiums are presented in this edition based on the market ranges of:
$975 - $1,050 per ounce for platinum $1,225 - $1,275 per ounce for gold
$750 - $775 per ounce for palladium $17.50 - $18.50 per ounce for silver
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INTRODUCTION 3
INTRODUCTION
The Standard Catalog of ® World Coins began its long In 1985 the fi rst two volume Deluxe Library Edition was
and storied life as the brain child of authors Chester L. completed, pushing the boundaries back in time and offering
Krause and Clifford Mishler, known to hobbyists for half a more data than ever before. Two years later I arrived in Iola
century simply as “Chet and Cliff.” The fi rst edition, covering to fi nd the core group brought together by Chet & Cliff had
coinage from the “Mid-1800’s To 1971,” was published in been joined by several others with the department of eight
1971 and introduced the world to something quite different: a primary and support staff producing the annual catalog, as
price guide with listings not only by type, but with each known well as some of Krause Publications fi rst specialized books.
date identifi ed and valued. Initially most I jumped right in and began working
values were pretty well identical, but on the U.S. based Auction Prices
over the years date rarity and grade Realized with Robert Wilhite, while
rarity have developed as I am certain watching the other staff working on
Chet and Cliff knew they would. the Standard Catalog of ® World
The summer of 2016 marked the Coins and the strange Unusual
passing of Chet after a long and World Coins. My fi rst Standard
fulfi lling life in many collecting fi elds. I Catalog of ® World Coins, the 1989
will truly miss him. His collections had edition published in 1988, changed
been dispersed over the last few years, everything for me - Chet and Cliff
but Chet’s zeal for hobby pursuits never had given me a calling.
faded. His vision of providing formats When I started working at KP,
for collectors and dealers to interact Chet was nearing retirement. He
has led us from small groups in villages, still came to the office every day and
towns, cities, states and countries to kept a hand in the decision making.
much broader spectrums. In the case He was the man who let me into the
of numismatics his aspirations helped building that fi rst wintery Sunday
evolve us into a true world hobby. I think when I arrived for an interview,
we will all miss this man. Chet Krause offering me coffee and saying the
In tribute to Chet, I think none of this 1923-2016 others would be there soon. It was
would have been possible without his with the blessing and support of
vision. He pulled together a great group of people, both on Chet & Cliff that we developed more and more numismatic
staff and off sight. He gave us a forum in the form of a catalog data, pushing back farther in time. This research produced a
and he encouraged us to expand. This is how we got here. second two volume Deluxe ANA Centennial Edition in 1991,
After that fi rst edition in 1971 proved so very popular, Chet the 18th Century 1701-1800 Special Edition in 1993, the 19th
& Cliff set to work getting more expert assistance to broaden Century 1801-1900 Special Edition and the 17th Century
the scope of the catalog. Many dealers and collectors wrote 1601-1700 Special Edition in 1996.
in to comment on areas to improve and some offered to All of these Special Editions are in their 6th, 7th and
share their knowledge to help improve this new reference. 8th editions now. Each has expanded with more images,
A second edition, encompassing many improvements was updated values and newly discovered varieties. Other special
published in 1973. It was named the 1974 edition, as is catalogs have been produced, like the Standard Catalog of ®
common in published to add shelf life to products. This 1974 German Coins 1501-Present 3rd edition. On our website,
edition, incidentally, was the fi rst numismatic catalog I ever www.shopNumisMaster.com, you can fi nd all of our current
encountered. Prior to seeing the 1974 edition at a coin kiosk products, including digital downloads and our most recent
in a mall I had been using dictionaries and atlases to identify addition to the family, the Standard Catalog of ® World Coins
the coins I was ferreting out of junk boxes at fl ea markets! 2001-Date.
Through the remainder of the 1970s several new and All of this has happened and is still developing because
expanded editions of the Standard Catalog of ® World Coins Chester L. Krause and Clifford Mishler had an idea that
were published. Coin dealer Colin R. Bruce II arrived to help something better was possible - Thank you Chet & Cliff.
improve the China section and remained in Iola as editor, Best Wishes,
working with the essential coordinating editor, Marian S. Thomas Michael
Moe, who had been involved on the project from its inception. Senior Editor & Market Analyst
By 1979, the catalog became an annual production and has Standard Catalog of ® World Coins
continued as such to this day. Every edition always offering
updated values, more images and better descriptions all
directed at improving the ease with which an average person
can identify a coin and building out a base of knowledge for
the world coin collecting community.
· WATCH FOR SPECIAL OFFERS AT WWW.SHOPNUMISMASTER.COM ·
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4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many individuals have contributed countless changes, which have been incorporated into the current edition. While all may not
be acknowledged, special appreciation is extended to the following who have exhibited a special enthusiasm for this edition.
Symbat Abakirova Maria Geranaki Sabine Meyer Conceição Saraiva
Esko Ahlroth Hans-Henning Goehrum Victoria McGuire Donald Scarinci
Michael Alexander Mike Guilfoyle Auli Mikkonen Erwin Schäffer
Silvija Ališauskait(cid:417) Marius G. Haldimann Juozas Minikevicius Jacco Scheper
Toshihiko Ashida Flemming Lyngbeck Hansen Ing. Benjamin M. Mizrachi R. Dr. Andreas Schikora
Thomas Augustsson Jens Heise-Engelschalk Paul Montz Gerhard Schön
Oksana Bandrivska Emmanuel Henry Svetlana Nekrasova Alexander Shapiro
Fernando Barciona Geraldine Herneman Victoria Newman Shankar Shrestha
Almat Bassenov Chris Hills Michael G. Nielsen Ani Silva
Ieva Bela Jennifer Hird Judy Nitschke Ole Sjoelund
Jan Bendix Katriina Holm Bill Noyes Mira Spijker
Richard Benson Teréz Horváth Andreina Nye Heimo Steriti
Shamik Biswas Serge Huard José L. Orozco Abu Shamin Mohammad Talha
Gunta Bluke Nelva G. Icaza Alberto Paashaus Mehmet Tolga Taner
Joseph E. Boling Hector Carlos Janson Frank Passic Amelia Travaglini
Richard Borek jun. Henna Karjalainen Janusz Parachimowicz Tumi Tsehlo
Ola Borgejordet Pekka Kärkinen Martin Peeters Anthony Tumonis
Mahdi Bseiso Melvyn Kassenoff Muriel Penicaud Krisztina Üllei-Kovács
Chris Budesa Craig Keplinger Kirsten F. Petersen Erik J. Van Loon
John T. Bucek Tan Joo Kiang Josh Phair Natanya van Niekerk
Kiara Canavate Sung-Hyun Kim Tay Hwee Ping Neil Vance
Beth Caspar Chris Kirkness Taya Pobjoy António Verdasca
Adolpho Cayón Riitta Kivistö Gastone Polacco Carmen Viciedo
Juan Cayón Markos Kontaxopoulos Florin Popescu Wakim Wakim
Michael Chou Sebastian Krämer Juri Pschegorlinski Paul Welz
Ron Currie Rodolphe Krempp Jordi Puigdemasa J. Brix Westergaard
James Douglas Ryohei Kuse Kitty Quan J. Hugh Witherow
Wilhelm R. Eglseer Emilia Lahtinen Yahya Qureshi Lee Jee Young
Makeila Ellis Urs Liechti Dr. Dennis G. Rainey Zhang Yuequn
Connor Falk Jenny Manders Ivan Rakitin Joseph Zaffern
Hanspeter Faude Rachael Lim Pilar Rodríguez Adam Zieli(cid:276)ski
Andrzej Fischer Miguel Angel Pratt Mayans Sarah Roe
Peter Frei Bernhard H. Mayer Egon Conti Rossini
Arthur Friedburg David McMaster Julien Sabouret
Tom Galway Sibongile Metsing Pabitra K. Saha
AUCTION HOUSES
Dix-Noonan-Webb MPO Auctions Stephen Album Rare Coins
Heritage World Coin Auctions Münzenhandlung Harald Möller, GmbH St. James’s Auctions
Fritz Rudolf Künker Noble Numismatics, Pty. Ltd. Teutoburger Münzauktion & Handel GmbH
Marudhar Arts Stack’s, Bowers and Ponterio WAG Online oHG
WORLD MINTS, CENTRAL BANKS AND DISTRIBUTORS
Austrian Mint Of(cid:191) cial Sales Company of the Mint of Norway Royal Canadian Mint
Banco de Mexico Bulgarian Mint Monnaie de Paris Royal Dutch Mint
Banque Centrale Du Luxembourg Helvetic Mint Moscow Mint Royal Thai Mint
Bank du Liban Imprensa Nacional - Casa da Narodowy Bank Polski Scottsdale Mint
Black Mountain Coins Moeda, S.A. National Bank of the Republic of Servei D’Emissions Principat
Casa de la Moneda de Cuba Israel Coins & Medals Corp. Belarus D’Andorra
Casa da Moeda do Brasil Istituto Poligra(cid:191) co e Zecca dello National Bank of Ukraine Singapore Mint
Central Bank of D.P.R. Korea - Stato I.p.A. New Zealand Mint Shanghai Mint
Kumbyol Trading Corp. Japan Mint Numiscom South African Mint
Central Bank of the Russian JVP Investment Coins Numistrade Gmbh & Co. kg. Staatliche Munze Berlin
Federation Kazakhstan Mint PAMP Staatliche Munze Baden-
CIT KOMSCO - South Korea PandaAmerica Wurttemberg
China Gold Coin Corporation Latvijas Banka Perth Mint Talisman Coins
Czech National Bank Lietuvos Bankas Pobjoy Mint Thailand Treasury Department
Czech Mint Lithuanian Mint Prague Mint Uf(cid:191) cio Filatelico e Numismatico
Downies Magyar Penzvero Zrt. Qatar Central Bank - Vatican
East India Company Mayer’s Mint GmbH Real Casa de la Moneda – Spain United States Mint
Educational Coin Company MDM Romanian Mint Universal Mint
Faude & Huguenin Mennica Polska Royal Mint
Gibraltar National Mint Mincovna Kremnica Royal Australian Mint
Global Coins & Medals Ltd. - Mint of Finland, Ltd. Royal Belgian Mint
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COUNTRY INDEX 5
COUNTRY INDEX
Afghanistan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Fiji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .508 Norway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1046
Albania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .531 Oman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1049
Alderney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 France. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .543 Pakistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1051
Algeria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 French Polynesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .590 Palau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1052
Andorra. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Gabon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .591 Panama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1083
Angola. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Gambia, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .592 Papua New Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1085
Argentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .592 Paraguay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1086
Armenia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Germany - Federal Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593 Peru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
Aruba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Ghana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .610 Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1091
Ascension Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Gibraltar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .611 Pitcairn Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1092
Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Gough Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1373 Poarch Creek Nation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455
Australia - Kangaroo Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126 Great Britain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .634 Poland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1095
Australia - Koala Bullion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135 Greece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .664 Portugal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1129
Australia - Kookaburra Bullion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130 Guatemala. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .669 Qatar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1138
Australia - Lunar Year Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140 Guernsey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .670 Romania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1141
Australia - Nugget Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135 Guinea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .675 Russia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1149
Australia - Platypus Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140 Guyana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .676 Rwanda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1219
Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156 Haiti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .676 Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic. . . . . . . . . . . .1221
Azerbaijan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170 Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .677 Saint Helena & Ascension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1221
Bahamas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171 Hong Kong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .677 Saint Helena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1222
Bahrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172 Hungary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .678 Samoa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1224
Bangladesh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 Iceland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .689 San Marino. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1230
Barbados. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174 India-Republic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .690 Saudi Arabia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1235
Belarus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175 Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .701 Serbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1236
Belgium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203 Iran. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .702 Seychelles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1238
Belize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209 Iraq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .704 Shawnee Tribal Nation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1239
Benin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210 Ireland Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .704 Sierra Leone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1241
Bermuda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212 Isle Of Man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .708 Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1249
Bhutan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216 Isle Of Man - Crown Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .712 Slovakia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1257
Bolivia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219 Isle Of Man - Angel Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .739 Slovenia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1264
Bosnia-Herzegovina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220 Isle Of Man - Noble Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .739 Solomon Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1269
Botswana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221 Israel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .740 Somalia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1279
Brazil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222 Italy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .754 Somaliland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1288
British Antarctic Territory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225 Ivory Coast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .764 South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1289
British Indian Ocean Territory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227 Jamaica. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .765 South Africa - Gold Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1294
British Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228 Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .766 South Africa - Gold Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1303
Brunei. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242 Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .781 South Africa - Gold Natura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1301
Bulgaria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243 Jordan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .786 South Africa - Gold Protea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1304
Burundi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247 Kazakhstan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .787 South Africa - Silver Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1300
Cambodia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .248 Kenya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803 South Africa - Silver Natura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1294
Cameroon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .250 Kiribati . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .804 South Africa - Silver Protea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1299
Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .252 Korea-North . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .805 South Georgia And The South Sandwich Islands
Canada - Gold Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .342 Korea-South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .841 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1306
Canada - Platinum Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .346 Kuwait. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .844 South Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .841
Canada - Silver Bullion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .335 Kyrgyzstan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .845 South Sudan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1310
Cape Verde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .347 Lao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .849 Spain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1310
Cayman Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .348 Latvia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .852 Sri Lanka. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1333
Central African Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .350 Lebanon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .860 Stoltenhoff Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1374
Central African States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .350 Lesotho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .860 Sudan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1335
Chad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .351 Liberia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .861 Suriname . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1336
Chile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .353 Libya. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .873 Swaziland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1337
China, Peoples Republic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .353 Liechtenstein. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .874 Sweden. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1338
China - Gold Lunar Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379 Lithuania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .874 Switzerland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1339
China - Gold Panda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .376 Luxembourg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .880 Syria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1347
China - Palladium Panda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382 Macau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .884 Taiwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382
China - Platinum Panda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382 Macedonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .887 Tajikistan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1347
China – Republic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382 Madagascar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .889 Tanzania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1350
China - Silver Lunar Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .370 Malawi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .889 Thailand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1350
China - Silver Panda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373 Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .896 Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1358
China - Taiwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382 Maldive Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .901 Tokelau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1362
Colombia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .384 Malta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .902 Tonga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1364
Comoros. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .385 Mauritania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905 Transnistria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1366
Congo, Democratic Republic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .385 Mauritius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .906 Trinidad & Tobago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1370
Congo Republic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .396 Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .907 Tristan Da Cunha. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1370
Cook Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .398 Mexico - Libertad Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .927 Tunisia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1374
Costa Rica. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .454 Mexico - Gold Bullion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .929 Turkey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1380
Cote D’ivoire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .764 Moldova . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .930 Turkmenistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1391
Creek Nation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455 Monaco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .934 Turks & Caicos Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1393
Croatia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456 Mongolia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .935 Tuvalu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1394
Cuba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .459 Morocco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .945 Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1406
Cyprus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .469 Mozambique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .948 Ukraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1411
Czech Republic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .471 Nagorno-Karabakh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .949 United Arab Emirates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Denmark. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .480 Namibia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .950 United States of America. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1443
Djibouti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .487 Nauru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .951 Uruguay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1469
Dominican Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .487 Nepal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .953 Uzbekistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1470
East Caribbean States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .488 Netherlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .956 Vanuatu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1471
East Timor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .489 Netherlands Antilles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .966 Vatican City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1474
Ecuador. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .490 New Caledonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .969 Venezuela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1480
Egypt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .491 New Zealand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .970 Viet Nam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1482
Equatorial Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495 Nicaragua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .981 West African States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1483
Estonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495 Niger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .982 Yemen Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1484
Estados Unidos Mexicanos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .907 Nigeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .982 Yugoslavia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1484
Ethiopia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .498 Niue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .983 Zambia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1485
Falkland Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .498 North Korea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .805 Zimbabwe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1488
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6 HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG
HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG
This catalog is designed to serve the needs of both the the Western alphabet are similarly identifi able as they often
novice and advanced collectors. It provides a comprehensive carry portraits of their current rulers, the familiar lettering,
guide to world coins struck in the 21st century (2001 sometimes in combination with a companion designation in
to present). It is arranged so that persons with a basic the local language.
knowledge of world history and a casual acquaintance with Collectors have the greatest difficulty with coins that do not
coin collecting can consult it with confi dence and ease. The bear legends or dates in the Western systems. These include
following explanations summarize the general practices coins bearing Cyrillic lettering attributable to Bulgaria, Russia,
used in preparing the catalog listings. However, because of the Slavic states and Mongolia; the Greek script peculiar to
specialized requirements, which may vary by country and Greece, Crete and the Ionian Islands; the Amharic characters
political era within a country, these should not be considered of Ethiopia; or Hebrew in the case of Israel. Dragons and
ironclad. sunbursts along with the distinctive word characters attribute
a coin to the Oriental countries of China, Japan, Korea, Tibet,
ARRANGEMENT
Viet Nam and their component parts.
Countries are arranged alphabetically. Political changes
The most difficult coins to identify are those bearing only
within a country are arranged chronologically. In countries
Persian or Arabic script and its derivatives, found on the
where Rulers are the single most signifi cant political entity,
issues of nations stretching in a wide swath across North
a chronological arrangement by Ruler has been employed.
Africa and East Asia, from Morocco to Indonesia, and the
Distinctive sub-geographic regions are listed alphabetically
Indian subcontinent, although the task of identifi cation on
following the country’s main listings. A few exceptions to these
the more modern issues of these lands is often eased by the
rules may exist. If a location is in question, please refer to the
added presence of Western alphabet legends.
Country Index.
Certain characteristics and symbols featured in addition
Diverse coinage types relating to fabrication methods,
to the prominent legends are typical on coins from a given
revaluations and change in denomination systems have
country or group of countries. For instance, a predominant
been identifi ed, separated and arranged in a logical fashion.
design feature on the coins of Nepal is the trident; while
Chronological arrangement is employed for most circulating
neighboring Tibet features a lotus blossom or lion on many
coinage. Monetary system reforms will fl ow in order of their
of their issues.
institution. Special non-circulating types such as Essais,
We also suggest reference to the comprehensive Country
Piedforts, Patterns, Trial Strikes, Mint and Proof sets follow at
Index and Denomination Index.
the end of the individual county’s listings.
Within a coinage type, coins will be listed by denomination, DENOMINATIONS
from smallest to largest. Numbered types within a
The second basic consideration to be met in the attribution
denomination will be ordered by their fi rst date of issue.
of a coin is the determination of denomination. Since
IDENTIFICATION denominations are usually expressed in numeric rather than
The most important step in the identifi cation of a coin is the word form on a coin, this is usually quite easily accomplished
determination of the nation of origin. This is generally easily on coins from nations which use Western numerals, except
accomplished where the country name appears in easy to in those instances where issues are devoid of any mention
read characters; if in doubt, use the country index. The coins of face value, and denomination must be attributed by size,
of Great Britain do not have the county name, just the name metallic composition or weight. Coins illustrated in this volume
and image of the ruler. are generally illustrated in actual size up to 55mm in diameter.
The coins of many countries beyond the English-language Illustrations of coins larger than 55mm are reduced to 55mm,
realm, such as those of French, Italian or Spanish heritage, and the actual size is indicated in the listing of the type.
are also quite easy to identify through reference to their The sphere of countries stretching from North Africa
legends, which appear in the national languages based on through the Orient, on which numeric symbols generally
Western alphabets. In many instances the name is spelled unfamiliar to Westerners are employed, provide the collector
exactly the same in English as in the national language; with a challenge. This is particularly true on nearly all pre-
while in other cases it varies only slightly, like Italia for Italy, 20th Century issues. In many cases as the years progressed,
Belgique or Belgie for Belgium, Brasil for Brazil and Danmark Western-style numerals are often presented in combination
for Denmark. with the local numeric systems on these coins.
This is not always the case, however, as in Soumi for Determination of a coin’s currency system can also be
Finland, Norge for Norway, Espana for Spain, Slovensko for valuable in attributing the issue to its country of origin. The
Slovakia, Sverige for Sweden and Helvetia for Switzerland. table of Standard International Numeral Systems presents
Some other examples include: Empire Cherifi n Maroc for lists of the basic numeric designations found on coins of non-
Morocco, Estados Unidos Mexicanos for United Mexican Western origin. Although denomination numerals are generally
States (Mexico) and Etat du Grand Liban - State of Great prominently displayed on coins, it must be remembered
Lebanon (Lebanon). that these are general representations of characters, which
With the introduction of the Euro Coinage, some member individual coin designers may have rendered in a wide variety
nations have identifi ed their coin with only country initials, of engraving styles. Where numeric or script denominations
such as BE for Belgium, IR for Italy, RF for France. designation forms peculiar to a given coin or country apply,
Thus it can be seen there are instances in which a little such as the script used on some Persian (Iranian) issues,
effort in the rudiments of foreign languages can be most they are so indicated or illustrated in conjunction with the
helpful. In general, colonial possessions of countries using appropriate listings.
00000011--00001166__RR44996666..iinndddd 66 66//2200//1177 1100::2266 AAMM
HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG 7
DATING Monarchic Solar era (MS) - MS2576
Coin dating is the fi nal basic attribution consideration. Here, Vikrama Samvat (VS) - VS2074
the problem can be more difficult because the reading of a coin Saka era (SE) - SE1939
date is subject not only to the vagaries of numeric styling, but Buddhist era (BE) - BE2560
to calendar variations caused by the observance of various Bangkok era (RS) - RS236
religious eras or regal periods from country to country, or even Chula-Sakarat era (CS) - CS1379
within a country. Here again, with the exception of the sphere Ethiopian era (EE) - EE2010
from North Africa through the Orient, it will be found that most Korean era - 4350
countries rely on Western date numerals and Christian (AD) Javanese Aji Saka era (AS) - AS1950
era reckoning, although in a few instances, coin dating has Fasli era (FE) - FE1427
been tied to the year of a reign or government. The Vatican, Jewish era (JE) - JE5777
for example dates its coinage according to the year of reign of Roman - MMXVII
the current pope, in addition to the Christian-era date. Coins of Asian origin - principally Japan, Korea, China,
Countries in the Arabic sphere generally date their coins Turkestan and Tibet and some modern gold issues of Turkey
to the Muslim era (AH), which commenced on July 16, 622 - are generally dated to the year of the government, dynasty,
AD (Julian calendar), when the prophet Mohammed fl ed from reign or cyclic eras, with the dates indicated in Asian characters
Mecca to Medina. As their calendar is reckoned by the lunar which usually read from right to left. In recent years, however,
year of 354 days, which is about three percent (precisely some dating has been according to the Christian calendar
2.98%) shorter than the Christian year, a formula is required and in Western numerals. In Japan, Asian character dating
to convert AH dating to its Western equivalent. To convert an was reversed to read from left to right in Showa year 23 (1948
AH date to the approximate AD date, subtract three percent AD).
of the AH date (round to the closest whole number) from the More detailed guides to less prevalent coin dating systems,
AH date and add 622. A chart converting all AH years from which are strictly local in nature, are presented with the
1010 (July 2, 1601) to 1450 (May 25, 2028) may be found appropriate listings.
elsewhere in this catalog under the name Hejira Date Chart. Some coins carry dates according to both locally observed
The Muslim calendar is not always based on the lunar and Christian eras. This is particularly true in the Arabic world,
year (AH), however, causing some confusion, particularly where the Hejira date may be indicated in Arabic numerals
in Afghanistan and Iran, where a calendar based on the and the Christian date in Western numerals, or both dates in
solar year (SH) was introduced around 1920. These dates either form.
can be converted to AD by simply adding 621. In 1976 the The date actually carried on a given coin is generally
government of Iran implemented a new solar calendar based cataloged here in the fi rst column (Date). If this date is in a non-
on the foundation of the Iranian monarchy in 559 BC. The fi rst Christian dating system, such as ‘AH’ (Muslim), the Christian
year observed on the new calendar was 2535 (MS), which equivalent date will appear in parentheses(), for example
commenced March 20, 1976. A reversion to the traditional SH AH1336(1917). Dates listed alone in the date column which
dating standard occurred a few years later. do not actually appear on a given coin, or dates which are
Several different eras of reckoning, including Christian known, but do not appear on the coin, are generally enclosed
and Muslim (AH), have been used to date coins of the Indian by parentheses with ‘ND’ at the left, for example ND(1926).
subcontinent. The two basic systems are the Vikrama Samvat Timing differentials between some era of reckoning,
(VS), which dates from Oct. 18, 58 BC, and the Saka era, particularly the 354-day Mohammedan and 365-day
the origin of which is reckoned from March 3, 78 AD. Dating Christian years, cause situations whereby coins which
according to both eras appears on various coins of the area. carry dates for both eras exist bearing two year dates from
Coins of Thailand (Siam) are found dated by three different one calendar combined with a single date from another.
eras. The most predominant is the Buddhist era (BE), which Countermarked Coinage is presented with both
originated in 543 BC. Next is the Bangkok or Ratanakosindsok
‘Countermark Date’ and ‘Host Coin’ date for each type. Actual
(RS) era, dating from 1781 AD; followed by the Chula-Sakarat
date representation follows the rules outlined above.
(CS) era, dating from 638 AD. The latter era originated in
For a more detailed information on coin dating see the
Burma and is used on that country’s coins.
Illustrated Coin Dating Guide for the Eastern World by Albert
Other calendars include that of the Ethiopian era (EE),
Galloway, Krause Publications, F+W Media, 2012.
which commenced seven years, eight months after AD dating;
NUMBERING SYSTEM
and that of the Jewish people, which commenced on Oct. 7,
3761 BC. Korea claims a legendary dating from 2333 BC, Some catalog numbers assigned in this volume are
which is acknowledged in some of its coin dating. Some coin based on other established references. This practice has
issues of the Indonesian area carry dates determined by the been observed for two reasons: First, when world coins
Javanese Aji Saka era (AS), a calendar of 354 days (100 are listed chronologically they are basically self-cataloging;
Javanese years equal 97 Christian or Gregorian calendar second, there was no need to confuse collectors with totally
years), which can be matched to AD dating by comparing it new numeric designations where appropriate systems
to AH dating. already existed. As time progressed we found many of these
The following table indicates the year dating for the established systems incomplete and inadequate and many
various eras, which correspond to 2017 in Christian calendar have now been replaced with KM numbers. If numbers have
reckoning, but it must be remembered that there are overlaps changed, appropriate cross-referencing has been provided.
between the eras in some instances. Some of these references used in this catalog are (Y#)
Christian era (AD) - 2017 identifi ed assigned by R.S. Yeoman, or slight adaptations
Muslim era (AH) - AH1438 thereof, in his Modern World Coins, and Current Coins of the
Solar year (SH) - SH1395 World.
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8 HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG
MINTAGES incorporated into Pattern listings along with special issues,
Quantities minted of each date are indicated where that which were struck for presentation or other reasons.
information is available; the uncirculated mintages numbers PRECIOUS METAL WEIGHTS
include those inserted into annual uncirculated sets. For
Listings of weight, fi neness and actual silver (ASW),
combined mintage fi gures the abbreviation “Inc. Above”
gold (AGW), platinum or palladium (APW) content of most
means Included Above, while “Inc. Below” means Included
machine-struck silver, gold, platinum and palladium coins
Below. “Est.” beside a mintage fi gure indicates the number
are provided in this edition. This information will be found at
given is an estimate of the intended mintage or an advertised
the start of a type description, followed by other information
mintage limit when the fi nal (actual) mintage fi gure is not
related to the coin.
known.
The ASW, AGW and APW fi gures were determined by
MINT AND PRIVY MARKS multiplying the gross weight of a given coin by its officially
The presence of distinctive, but frequently inconspicuously known standard or tested fi neness and converting the
placed, mintmarks indicates the mint of issue for many of the resulting gram or grain weight into troy ounces, rounded to
coins listed in this catalog. An appropriate designation in the the nearest hundredth of an ounce. A silver coin with a 24.25-
gram weight and .875 fi neness for example, would have a
date listing note the presence, if any, of a mint mark on a
fi ne weight of approximately 21.22 grams, or a .6822 ASW, a
particular coin type by incorporating the letter or letters of the
factor that can be used to accurately determine the intrinsic
mint mark adjoining the date, i.e., 2010D or 2005R.
value for multiple examples.
The presence of mint and/or mintmaster’s privy marks
The ASW, AGW or APW fi gure can be multiplied by the spot
on a coin in non-letter form is indicated by incorporating a
price of each precious metal to determine the current intrinsic
letter in lower case within parentheses adjoining the date; i.e.
value of any coin accompanied by these designations.
2010(sm). The corresponding mark is illustrated or identifi ed
Coin weights are indicated in grams (abbreviated “g”)
in the introduction of the country.
along with fi neness where the information is of value in
In countries where privy marks are used, such as Australia,
differentiating between types. These weights are based on
Canada and Isle of Man, a letter in (a) may be employed or
31.103 grams per troy (scientifi c) ounce, as opposed to the
a descriptive word may be used to describe it in the listing
avoirdupois (commercial) standard of 28.35 grams. Actual
or in reference to the chart at the beginning of that country’s
coin weights are generally shown in hundredths of a gram;
listings.
i.e., 0.500 SILVER 2.92g.
METALS
WEIGHTS AND FINENESSES
Each numbered type listing will contain a description of
As the silver and gold bullion markets have advanced
the coins metallic content. The traditional coinage metals and
and declined sharply over the years, the fi neness and total
their symbolic chemical abbreviations are:
precious metal content of coins has become especially
Platinum - (PT) C opper - (Cu)
signifi cant where bullion coins - issues which trade on the
Gold - (Au) S ilver - (Ag)
basis of their intrinsic metallic content rather than numismatic
Copper-Nickel- (CN) L ead - (Pb)
value - are concerned. In many instances, such issues have
Nickel - (Ni) Z inc - (Zn)
become worth more in bullion form than their nominal collector
Tin - (Sn) B ronze - (Ae)
values or denominations indicate.
Aluminum - (Al)
Establishing the weight of a coin can also be valuable for
During the 18th and 19th centuries, most of the world’s
determining its denomination. Actual weight is also necessary
coins were struck of copper or bronze, silver, and gold.
to ascertain the specifi c gravity of the coin’s metallic content,
Commencing in the early years of the 20th century, however,
an important factor in determining authenticity.
numerous new coinage metals, primarily non-precious metal
alloys, were introduced. Gold has not been widely used TROY WEIGHT STANDARDS
for circulation coinages since World War I, although silver 24 Grains = 1 Pennyweight
remained a popular coinage metal in most parts of the world 480 Grains = 1 Ounce
until after World War II. With the disappearance of silver for 31.103 Grams = 1 Ounce
circulation coinage, numerous additional compositions were UNIFORM WEIGHTS
introduced to circulating coinage applications.
15.432 Grains = 1 Gram
Most recent is the development of clad or plated planchets
0.0648 Gram = 1 Grain
in order to maintain circulation life and extend the life of a set
AVOIRDUPOIS STANDARDS
of production dies as used in the production of the copper-
nickel clad copper 50 centesimos of Panama or in the latter 27-11/32 Grains = 11 Dram
case to reduce production costs of the planchets and yet 437-1/2 Grains = 1 Ounce
provide a coin quite similar in appearance to its predecessor 28.350 Grams = 1 Ounce
as in the case of the copper plated zinc core United States
BULLION VALUE
1983 cent.
The simplest method for determining the bullion value of
Modern commemorative coins have employed still more
a precious metal coin is to multiply the actual precious metal
unusual methods such as bimetallic coins, color applications
weight by the current spot price for that metal. Using the
and precious metal or gem inlays.
example above, a silver coin with a .6822 actual silver weight
OFF-METAL STRIKES (ASW) would have an intrinsic value of $12.25 when the
Off-metal strikes previously designated by “OMS” which spot price of silver is $17.95. If the spot price of silver would
also included the wide range of error coinage struck in increase to $22.50, that same coins’ intrinsic value would rise
other than their officially authorized compositions have been to $15.35.
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HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG 9
PHOTOGRAPHS MEDALLIC ISSUES
To assist the reader in coin identifi cation, every effort has Medallic issues are similar to coin-type issues and can
been made to use actual size images of each type listed. generally be identifi ed as commemoratives produced to the
When available both sides are illustrated. When the coin has country’s established coinage standards but without the
a diameter of 39mm or larger, usually the side required for usual indicator of denomination. These pieces sometimes
identifi cation of the type is illustrated. All coins up to 55mm feature designs adapted from the country’s regular issue or
are illustrated actual size, to the nearest 1/2mm up to 25mm, commemorative coinage, and occasionally have been issued
and to the nearest 1mm thereafter. Coins larger than 55mm in conjunction with related coinage issues.
diameter are illustrated in reduced size, with the actual size Medallic issues, though bearing these similarities to
noted in the descriptive text of the listing. Where slight change coinage issues, are not coins and therefore are not listed
in size is important to coin type identifi cation, actual millimeter in this catalog but can be found in the companion catalog
measurements are stated in the listing. Unusual World Coins. These Medallic issues are also listed
on our searchable web catalog at www.NumisMaster.com.
TRADE COINS
From approximately 1750-1940, a number of nations, RESTRIKES, COUNTERFEITS
particularly European colonial powers and commercial Deceptive restrike and counterfeit (both contemporary and
traders, minted trade coins to facilitate commerce with modern) examples exist of some coin issues. Where possible,
the local populace of Africa, the Arab countries, the Indian the existence of official restrikes is noted. Warnings are
subcontinent, Southeast Asia and the Far East. Such coins also incorporated in instances where particularly deceptive
generally circulated at a value based on the weight and counterfeits are known to exist. If you are uncertain about
fi neness of their silver or gold content, rather than their stated the authenticity of a coin held in your collection, or being
denomination. Examples include the sovereigns of Great offered for sale, one should take the precaution of having it
Britain and the gold ducat issues of Austria, Hungary and authenticated by one of the recognized third party grading
the Netherlands. These coins will be segregated into a Trade services. Their services are reasonably priced, and their
coinage section near the end of the domestic issues. products are widely accepted by collectors and dealers alike.
VALUATIONS NON-CIRCULATING LEGAL TENDER COINS
Values quoted in this catalog represent the current retail Coins of non-circulating legal tender (NCLT) origin are
market and are compiled from recommendations provided individually listed and integrated by denomination into the
and verifi ed through various source documents and regular listings for each country, excepting where large,
specialized consultants. It should be stressed, however, that established serialized categories exist. These coins fall
this book is intended to serve only as an aid for evaluating outside the customary defi nitions of coin-of-the-realm
coins, actual market conditions are constantly changing issues, but where created and sold by, or under authorization
and additional infl uences, such as particularly strong local of, agencies of sovereign governments expressly for
demand for certain coin series, fl uctuation of international collectors. These are primarily individual coins and sets of a
exchange rates, changes in spot price of precious metals commemorative nature, marketed at prices substantially in
and worldwide collecting patterns must also be considered. excess of both face and intrinsic value, and usually do not
Publication of this catalog is not intended as a solicitation by have counterparts released for circulation. If you are only
the publisher, editors or contributors to buy or sell the coins interested in coins which circulate in commerce we offer
listed at the prices indicated. a catalog titled Collecting World Coins, which lists world
All valuations are stated in U.S. dollars, based on careful issues since 1901. The current edition is available at www.
assessment of the varied international collector markets. shopnumismaster.com.
Valuations for coins priced below $100.00 are generally
EDGE VARIETIES
stated in full amounts, i.e. 37.50 or 95.00, while valuations
at or above that $100.00 are rounded off in even dollars -
i.e. $125.00 is expressed 125. A comma is added to indicate
thousands of dollars in value (12,500.)
A dash (-) to the left of given values in a specifi c value
fi eld indicates a lack of a collectible premium. A coin in these
lower grades would be worth only its face or intrinsic value. A
dash (-) to the right of given values may mean very few or no
examples of that grade exist for the type.
For coins which trade close to their bullion value (BV)
autocalculations have been determined and instituted in this
edition. These formulas will calculate a value based on the BV
value of a coin, plus an acceptable premium. Unusual fi gures
in the value column are an indication of this autocalculation
function. To determine a current BV value in shifting spot
metal conditions, simply multiply the actual precious metal
weight by the current spot metal price.
For the convenience of overseas collectors and for
U.S. collectors doing business with overseas dealers, the
exchange rate for current currencies is presented in the
Foreign Exchange Table.
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