“An outrageous and scandalous tale of intrigue, corruption, hypocrisy, expediency, opportunism, negligence... a gripping story.” —Washington Post mnziNG 8 - 5 3 8 5 7 - 4 9 3 / 5 9 . 1 1 $ UPDATED WITH NEW MATERIAL RAYMOND BONNER Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Kahle/Austin Foundation https://archive.org/details/unset0000unse_h4o8 tfn* Praise for Waltzing with a Dictator “In this remarkable work, Raymond Bonner proves once again that he is one of the best correspondents around and about. Waltzing with a Dictator is a devastating analysis of American foreign policy under administrations Democrat and Republican. One thing is certain: Bonner is non-partisan in this explosive expose.”—Studs Terkel “It’s a gripping story and Bonner tells it in insightful detail. You get to know all the good guys and all the bad guys intimately. When it comes to judging character as well as performance, Bonner does not pussy-foot around, especially with the Ameri¬ can players in this drama.”—Washington Post “Raymond Bonner’s book is a superb piece of foreign policy analysis based on investigative reporting and the examination of thousands of documents.”—Christian Science Monitor “This is a well-researched and candid study of Washington’s re¬ lations with the Marcos regime, over 20 years, and under five American presidents, from Johnson to Reagan. . . . Mr. Bonner is a patriotic American. He believes that Americans’ support for right-wing regimes is self-defeating, being actually conducive to the spread of communism, which it is intended to check.” —Conor Cruise O’Brien, The Sunday Times (London) “Far and away the most important, thoughtful and analytical book out so far on the Philippines. ... an eminently good read. ’ -Washington Times “If you wanted to read one popular book on the Philippines that would provide you with the broadest yet most detailed cov¬ erage, Waltzing with a Dictator would be that book.” —Houston Chronicle “Bonner takes his reader on a revealing, investigative tour. . . . If you plan to waltz with a dictator, be prepared to face the mu¬ sic. That, then, is one provocative, strident message that be¬ comes evident on the pages of this timely reconstruction of a lit¬ tle-known era.”—San Diego Tribune Also by RAYMOND BONNER Weakness and Deceit: U.S. Policy and El Salvador WALTZING WITH A DICTATOR 0 75 Miles j h rV-r1—1 0 75 Kilometers South China Sea Lingayen Gulf ' Subic bay Naval base Subic Bay Manila Bay Palawan & ^Zamboanga O Co--- 0O ff The Philippines and Southeast Asia ? WALTZING WITH A DICTATOR THE MARCOSES AND THE MAKING OF AMERICAN POLICY RAYMOND BONNER VINTAGE BOOKS A DIVISION OF RANDOM HOUSE NEW YORK First Vintage Books Edition, September 1988 Copyright © 1987, 1988 by Raymond Bonner Map copyright © 1987 by David Lindroth All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conven¬ tions. Published in the United States by Random House, Inc., New York, and simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. Originally published, in hardcover, by Times Books, a division of Random House, Inc., in 1987. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bonner, Raymond. Waltzing with a dictator. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. United States—Foreign relations—Philippines. 2. Philippines—Foreign relations—United States. 3. Marcos, Ferdinand E. (Ferdinand Edralin), 1917— 4. Marcos, Imelda Romualdez, 1929- 5. United States—Foreign relations—1945- I. Title. E183.8.P6B66 1988 327.730599 87-40422 ISBN 0-394-75835-8 (pbk.) Interior design by Robert Bull Design Manufactured in the United States of America 10 987654321 . il } .V v Si ||