Understanding Physics for JEE Main & Advanced OPTICS & MODERN PHYSICS

558 Pages·2020·6.919 MB·English

by  D C Pandey

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Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
OPTICS AND
MODERN PHYSICS
Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
OPTICS AND
MODERN PHYSICS
DC PANDEY
[B.Tech, M.Tech, Pantnagar, ID 15722]
ARIHANT PRAKASHAN (Series), MEERUT
Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
ARIHANT PRAKASHAN (Series), MEERUT
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© SARITA PANDEY
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Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
PREFACE
The overwhelming response to the previous editions of this book
gives me an immense feeling of satisfaction and I take this an
opportunity to thank all the teachers and the whole student
community who have found this book really beneficial.
In the present scenario of ever-changing syllabus and the test pattern
of JEE Main & Advanced, the NEW EDITION of this book is an
effort to cater all the difficulties being faced by the students during
their preparation of JEE Main & Advanced. The exercises in this
book have been divided into two sections viz., JEE Main &
Advanced. Almost all types and levels of questions are included in
this book. My aim is to present the students a fully comprehensive
textbook which will help and guide them for all types of
examinations. An attempt has been made to remove all the printing
errors that had crept in the previous editions.
I am extremely thankful to (Dr.) Mrs. Sarita Pandey, Mr. Anoop
Dhyani and Nisar Ahmad for their endless efforts during the project.
Comments and criticism from readers will be highly appreciated and
incorporated in the subsequent editions.
DC Pandey
Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
CONTENTS
29. ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 1 19
29.1 Introduction 29.3 Electromagnetic Waves
29.2 Displacement Current 29.4 Electromagnetic Spectrum
30. REFLECTION OF LIGHT 21 70
30.1 Introduction 30.3 Reflection of Light
30.2 General Concepts used in 30.4 Reflection from a Spherical Surface
Geometrical Optics
31. REFRACTION OF LIGHT 71 190
31.1 Refraction of Light and Refractive 31.5 Refraction from Spherical Surface
Index of a Medium 31.6 Lens Theory
31.2 Law of Refraction (Snell’s Law) 31.7 Total Internal Reflection (TIR)
31.3 Single Refraction from Plane 31.8 Refraction Through Prism
Surface 31.9 Deviation
31.4 Shift due to a Glass Slab 31.10 Optical Instruments
32. INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT 191 251
32.1 Principle of Superposition 32.4 Young's Double Slit
32.2 Resultant Amplitude and Intensity Experiment (YDSE)
due to Coherent Sources 32.5 Introduction to Diffraction
32.3 Interference 32.6 Diffraction from a Narrow Slit
33. MODERN PHYSICS-I 253 323
33.1 Dual Nature of Electromagnetic 33.3 Momentum and Radiation Pressure
Waves 33.4 de-Broglie Wavelength of Matter
33.2 Electromagnetic Spectrum Wave
Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
33.5 Early Atomic Structure 33.8 X-Rays
33.6 The Bohr Hydrogen Atom 33.9 Emission of Electrons
33.7 Hydrogen Like Atoms 33.10 Photoelectric Effect
34. MODERN PHYSICS-II 325 374
34.1 Nuclear Stability and 34.5 Binding Energy and Nuclear Stability
Radioactivity 34.6 Nuclear Fission (Divide and Conquer)
34.2 The Radioactive Decay Law 34.7 Nuclear Fusion
34.3 Successive Disintegration
34.4 Equivalence of Mass and Energy
35. SEMICONDUCTORS 375 414
35.1 Introduction 35.5 Junction Diode as a Rectifier
35.2 Energy Bands in Solids 35.6 Applications of p-n Junction Diodes
35.3 Intrinsic and Extrinsic 35.7 Junction Transistors
Semiconductors 35.8 Transistor as an Amplifier
35.4 p-n Junction Diode 35.9 Digital Electronics and Logic Gates
36. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 415 431
36.1 Introduction 36.6 Modulation
36.2 Different Terms Used in 36.7 Amplitude Modulation
Communication System 36.8 Production of Amplitude
36.3 Bandwidth of Signals Modulated Wave
36.4 Bandwidth of Transmission Medium 36.9 Detection of Amplitude
36.5 Propagation of Electromagnetic Modulated Wave
Waves or Communication Channels
Hints & Solutions 433 518
JEE Main & Advanced
Previous Years' Questions (2018-13) 1-28
Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
SYLLABUS
JEE M ain
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics. Transverse nature of
electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet,
X-rays, g- rays). Applications of e.m. waves.
OPTICS
Reflection and refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces, Mirror formula,
Total internal reflection and its applications, Deviation and Dispersion of light by a
prism, Lens formula, Magnification, Power of a lens, Combination of thin lenses in
contact, Microscope and astronomical telescope (reflecting and refracting) and
their magnifying powers.
WAVE OPTICS
Wave front and Huygens’ principle, Laws of reflection and refraction using
Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for
fringe width. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving
power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes, Polarisation, Plane polarized
light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarized light and polaroids.
DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATION
Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations;
Einstein’s photoelectric equation; Particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature
of particle, de-Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment.
Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
ATOMS AND NUCLEI
a-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model,
Energy levels, Hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, Atomic
masses, Isotopes, Isobars; Isotones. Radioactivity - a, b and g particles/rays
and their properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy relation, Mass defect;
Binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, Nuclear
fission and fusion.
ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and
reverse bias; Diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar
cell and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction Transistor,
transistor action, Characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier
(common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT,
NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch.
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere; Sky and space wave
propagation, Need for modulation, Amplitude and frequency modulation,
Bandwidth of signals, Bandwidth of transmission medium, Basic elements of
a communication system (block diagram only).
Understanding Physics
JEE Main & Advanced
JEE A dvanced
GENERAL
Focal length of a concave mirror and a convex lens using U V method.
OPTICS
Rectilinear propagation of light, Reflection and refraction at plane and
spherical surfaces, Total internal reflection, Deviation and dispersion of light
by a prism, Thin lenses, Combinations of mirrors and thin lenses,
Magnification.
WAVE NATURE OF LIGHT
Huygens principle, Interference limited to Young’s double-slit experiment.
MODERN PHYSICS
Atomic nucleus, a, b and g radiations, Law of radioactive decay, Decay
constant, Half-life and mean life, Binding energy and its calculation, Fission
and fusion processes, Energy calculation in these processes.
Photoelectric effect, Bohr’s theory of hydrogen-like atoms, Characteristic and
continuous X-rays, Moseley’s law, de-Broglie wavelength of matter waves.