Software Quality: State of the Art in Management, Testing, and Tools

297 Pages·2001·9.083 MB·English

by  Werner Mellis (auth.), Martin Wieczorek, Dirk Meyerhoff (eds.)

Software Quality
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Martin Wieczorek
Dirk Meyerhoff (Eds.)
Software Quality
State of the Art
in Management, Testing, and Tools
With Contributions of
R. Baltus, G. Bazzana, A.Birk, H. Bons, M. Bromnick,
W. Dzida, J. F. Perpiftcin,A. Fitzke, R. Freitag, R. Goldner,
D. Huberty, G. Jahnke, J. Johansen, A.M. Jonassen Hass,
P. Keese, T. Lovric ,W. Mellis, D. Meyerhoff, C. Nagel,
J. Pries-Heje, C. Radu, B. Roberts, D. Rombach, F. Sazama,
M. Timpe, H. Uebel, R. van Megen, D. Vohwinkel, J.Warlitz,
M.J. Wieczorek
Springer
Martin Wieczorek
Dirk Meyerhoff
SQS Software Quality Systems AG
Stollwerkstr. 11
51149 Koln, Germany
{martin.wieczorek; dirk.meyerhoff}@sqs.de
With 99 Figures and 14 Tables
ISBN 978-3-540-78085-4
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme
Software quality: state of the art in management, testing, and tools/Martin Wieczorek;
Dirk Meyerhoff (ed). With contributions of R. Baltus ... - Berlin; Heidelberg; New York;
Barcelona; Hong Kong; London; Milan; Paris; Singapore; Tokyo: Springer, 2001
ISBN 978-3-540-78085-4 ISBN 978-3-642-56529-8 ( eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-56529-8
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prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2001
The use of designations, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the
absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective
laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Cover design: Kiinkel + Lopka, Heidelberg
Typesetting: perform, Heidelberg from author · s data
Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 10870211 33/3111 5 4 3 2 1
list of Contributors
ROB BALTUS Email: [email protected]
Head of Department Software Quality Web: www.sqs.de
Management, Comma Soft AG Telephone: + 49220391540
Putzchens Chaussee 202-204a, Fax: + 492203915415
53229 Bonn, Germany
Email: [email protected] MIRIAM BROMNICK
Web: www.comma-soft.com Consultant
Telephone: + 492289770 0 Ovum Ltd
Fax: + 49228 9770200 Cardinal Tower, 12 Farringdon Road,
London EC1M 3HS, United Kingdom
GUALTIERO BAZZANA, DR. Email: [email protected]
Partner and Managing Director Web: www.ovum.com
Onion SpA Telephone: + 44 20 75519169
Brescia 25131, via L. Gusalli n 9, Italy Fax: + 44 20 7551 9090
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.onion.it WOLFGANG DZIDA, DR.
Telephone: + 39 030 3581510 Senior Scientist
Fax: + 39 030 3581525 GMD, Institute for Autonomous
Intelligent Systems
ANDREAS BIRK Schlofi Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin,
Researcher Germany
Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Email: [email protected]
Software Engineering Web: www.gmd.de
Sauerwiesen 6, 67661 Kaiserslautern, Telephone: [phone]
Germany Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.iese.fhg.de JAVIER FERNANDEZ PERPINAN
Telephone: + 49 6301 707256 Consultant
Fax: + 49 6301 707200 DTKGmbH
Palmaille 82, 22767 Hamburg, Germany
HEINZ BONS Email: [email protected]
Member of the Board Web: www.dtkhh.de
SQS Software Quality Systems AG Telephone: + 4940389970 0
Stollwerckstrafie 11, 51149 KOln, Germany Fax: [phone]
VI List of Contributors
ANDRE FITZKE GREGOR JAHNKE
Safety Manager Head of Department Quality Assurance
Alcatel SEL AG ARGE IS KV GmbH
Lorenzstr. 10, 70435 Stuttgart, Germany Bismarckstr. 36, 45128 Essen, Germany
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Web: www.alcatel.de Web: www.iskv.de
Telephone: + 49 71182146518 Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
REGINE FREITAG J0RN JOHANSEN
Researcher Department Manager
GMD, Institute for Autonomous Intelligent DELTA Danish Electronics, Light &
Systems Acoustics, Department Software Technology
Schlofl Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Venlighedsvej 4, DK-2970 Horsholm,
Germany Denmark
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Web: www.gmd.de Web: www.delta.dk
Telephone: [phone] Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
RUDOLF GOLDNER ANNE METTE JONASSEN HASS
Head of Department Application Senior Software Consultant
Development DELTA Danish Electronics, Light &
RZF NRW - IT Centre ofNorthrine West Acoustics, Department Software Technology
phalia's Finance Department Venlighedsvej 4, DK-2970 Horsholm,
Ross-Strafle 131, 40476 Dusseldorf, Denmark
Germany Email: [email protected]
Email: Web: www.delta.dk
[email protected] Telephone: [phone]
Web: www.rzf-nrw.de Fax: [phone]
Telephone: + 49211 4572 432
Fax: [phone] PAUL KEESE
Senior Consultant
DIRK HUBERTY SQS Software Quality Systems AG
Senior Consultant Stollwerckstrafle 11, 51149 Koln, Germany
SQS Software Quality Systems AG Email: [email protected]
Stollwerckstrafle 11, 51149 Koln, Germany Web: www.sqs.de
Email: [email protected] Telephone: + 49220391540
Web: www.sqs.de Fax: + 492203915415
Telephone: + 49220391540
Fax: + 492203915415
List of Contributors VII
TOMISLA V LOVRIC, DR. JAN PRIES-HEJE, PH.D.
Head of Department Software-Based Safe Member of Department of Computer
Computer Architecture Information Systems
TiN InterTraffic GmbH, ISEB J. Mack Robinson College of Business
Am Grauen Stein, 51105 KOln, Germany P.O.Box 4015, Atlanta, GA 30302-4015, USA
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Web: www.iseb.com Web: www.cis.gsu.edu
Telephone: + 49221 8061805 Telephone: [phone]
Fax: + 49221 8062581
CRISTIAN RADU, DR.
WERNER MELLIS, PROF. DR. Senior Consultant
Head of Information Systems Department Integri nv
University of Cologne Leuvensesteenweg 325,1932 Zaventem,
Pohligstr. 1, 50969 Koln, Germany Belgium
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Web: www.uni-koeln.de Web: www.integri.be
Telephone: + 49221 4705368 Telephone: + 3227120750
Fax: + 492214705386 Fax: + 32 27120767
DIRK MEYERHOFF, DR. BARBARA ROBERTS
Head of Departments Consultancy DSDM Consultant
Products / Performance Testing F.I. Group pic
SQS Software Quality Systems AG Campus 300, Maylands A venue, Hemel
Stollwerckstrafte 11, 51149 Koln, Germany Hempstead, HP2 7TO, United Kingdom
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Web: www.sqs.de Web: www.figroup.co.uk
Telephone: + 49220391540 Telephone: + 4414768618,55
Fax: + 492203915415 Fax: + 44 1476861855
CHRISTOF NAGEL, DR. DIETER ROMBACH, PROF. DR.
Team Software Engineering Executive Director
T-Nova Deutsche Telekom Innovationsge Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental
sellschaft mbH Software Engineering
Neugrabenweg 4, 66123 Saarbrucken, Ger Sauerwiesen 6, 67661 Kaiserslautern,
many Germany
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Web: www.telekom.de Web: www.iese.fhg.de
Telephone: + 49 6819093216 Telephone: + 49 6301 707100
Fax: + 49 716192555757 Fax: + 49 6301 707200
VIII List of Contributors
FRANK SAZAMA DETLEF VOHWINKEL
Researcher Senior Consultant
DaimlerChrysler AG, Research and SQS Software Quality Systems AG
Technology / SW Engineering Stollwerckstrafle 11, 51149 Koln, Germany
P.O. Box 2660,89013 Ulm, Germany Email: [email protected]
(with Q-Labs since October 1, 2000) Web: www.sqs.de
Email: [email protected] Telephone: + 49220391540
Web: www.daimlerchrysler.com Fax: + 492203915415
Telephone: + 49 711 806081 31
Fax: + 49 711 806081 99 JOACHIM WARLITZ, DR.
Head ofA ssessment Department
MICHAEL TIMPE Alcatel SEL AG
Head of Software Development Department Lorenzstr. 10, 70435 Stuttgart, Germany
MED medicine online AG Email: [email protected]
Friedrich-Ebert-Strafle, Haus 51, Web: www.alcatel.de
51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany Telephone: + 49 711 821 46176
Email: [email protected] Fax: [phone]
Web: www.medicineonline.de
J.
Telephone: + 49 02204 843730 MARTIN WIECZOREK, DR.
Fax: + 49 02204 843731 Head of Departments Telecommunication /
Public and Care
HELMUT UEBEL SQS Software Quality Systems AG
Marketing Director Stollwerckstrafle 11, 51149 Koln, Germany
Alcatel SEL AG Email: [email protected]
Lorenzstr. 10, 70435 Stuttgart, Germany Web: www.sqs.de
Email: [email protected] Telephone: + 49220391540
Web: www.alcatel.de Fax: + 492203915415
Telephone: + 49 711 821 44492
Fax: [phone]
RUDOLF VAN MEGEN
Member of the Board
SQS Software Quality Systems AG
Stollwerckstrafle 11, 51149 KOln, Germany
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.sqs.de
Telephone: + 49220391540
Fax: + 492203915415
Preface to the Series [email protected]
Quality management and software testing are among the most important topics in
software development and IT management, responsible for about 40 per cent of the
costs of software projects. During the development phase over a third of all money is
spent on the retrieval, prevention and removal of errors. Unless the significance of
quality management and testing is recognised, IT projects can easily fail, as application
and implementation errors can cause considerable follow-up costs and very high up
grade expenses.
In the early 90s, the completion of the new Denver International Airport (Colorado,
USA), for instance, was delayed by 16 months (Harvard Business Manager 6/2000).
Originally, this major airport was to start operating in autumn 1993, but the opening
had to be postponed until February 1995. The delay was due to inadequate testing of
the programs controlling the computerised baggage routing system. The project had to
be discontinued, and the original idea was abandoned. By then the delay in commis
sioning had caused additional expenses of nearly US$ 2 billion.
Another example is the launch of an IT system for the billing of share transactions at
the London Stock Exchange. The project, called "Taurus", started in May 1986 and was
stopped seven years later, after the Stock Exchange had invested over £89 million and
brokerage firms had spent another £400 million on developing Taurus-compatible
systems. The development of an electronic transfer system had failed, and the bull -
"Taurus" - had hit a brick wall.
These are two among many failures of IT projects which could have been avoided
through systematic software quality management. But IT projects can proceed quite
differently - without straining the budget and without loss of time. This is borne out by
numerous successful projects from a variety of industries, where the main focus was on
software quality management and software testing from the very beginning. The qual
ity of the software was prioritised as a key factor for the success and economic viability
of IT projects.
In the age of Internet and e-commerce, the reliability of IT systems is becoming in
creasingly important. Whereas software errors could still be removed "manually" in
the days of host computers, the Internet mercilessly reveals every single IT error to a
company's customers. Moreover, once a potential customer has tried to place an online
order and has failed, he is unlikely to return. In a global economy where worldwide
competitors are virtually on the customer's doorstep, no enterprise can afford such a
loss, whatever its size.
X Preface to the Series [email protected]
But we are also being faced with software quality in our daily lives. Nowadays we are
literally surrounded by machinery that carries out small, but vital jobs. A modern vehi
cle, for instance, has about 60 chips that guarantee a safe ride through the traffic - from
the airbag to the most important engine functions.
The increasing importance of high-quality computing systems in our information
society is to be the focus of the new series called "[email protected] " which
is launched by SQS. Issues of this series are to be published by Springer from time to
time, highlighting and discussing the state of the art and developments in software
quality management and software testing. The focus will be not so much on the scien
tific background, but on sharing hands-on experience with those involved in day-to
day work.
HEINZ BONS RUDOLF V AN MEGEN
SQS AG Member of the Board SQS A G Member of the Board