Semiconducting Polymers: Applications, Properties, and Synthesis (ACS Symposium)

465 Pages·1999·42.8 MB·English

by  Bing R. Hsieh

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In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
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In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
735
ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
Semiconducting Polymers
Applications, Properties, and Synthesis
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htt19 Bing R. Hsieh, EDITOR
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American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
QD 3 82 . S4 S46 1 9 99 c.l
Semiconducting polymers
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Semiconducting polymers : applications, properties, and synthesis / Bing R. Hsieh, Yen Wei, editor,
p. cm.—(ACS symposium series : 735)
org 01 Includes bibliographical references and index.
cs.w0
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p://99- 1. Polymers—Electric properties congresses. 2. Organic semiconductors Congresses.
htt19
010 | 1/bk- I. Hsieh, Bing R. II. II. Wei, Yen. III. Series
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3.227 ober 16, for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printer Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-94 1984.
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owPu Republication or reproduction for sale of pages in this book is permitted only under license from ACS.
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PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
Advisory Board
ACS Symposium Series
Mary E. Castellion Omkaram Nalamasu
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s.acs.5.fw0 Arthur B. Ellis Kinam Park
ub73 University of Wisconsin at Madison Purdue University
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http://1999- Jeffrey S. Gaffney Katherine R. Porter
010 | 1/bk- Argonne National Laboratory Duke University
3, 2102 Gunda I. Georg Douglas A. Smith
mber 1oi: 10. University of Kansas The DAS Group, Inc.
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In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
Foreword
lHE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES was first published in 1974 to provide
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oped from ACS sponsored symposia based on current scientific re
org 01 search. Occasionally, books are developed from symposia sponsored
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3, 2102 focus the book; others may be added to provide comprehensiveness.
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In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
Dedication
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In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
Preface
Semiconducting polymers refer to polymeric materials with electrical conductivity in
the range of 100 to 10"12 (Ohm cm)"1. There are at least four major classes of
semiconducting polymers: filled polymers, ionically conducting polymers, conjugated
g polymers, and charge transfer polymers. The first two classes have had a wide range of
s.or commercial applications; the last two have not been as successful. Conducting
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Dece10.10 bexecpolomrea titohne omfa sjeomr ficoocanld upcotiinntg. polymers as active constituents in electronic devices has
on oi: The international symposium on "Semiconducting Polymers" was held as part
BR 9 | d of the 215th ACS National Meeting in Dallas on March 29-30, 1998. "Electroplastics
N LI199 for Plastic Electronics" was used as the symposium logo to heighten the application-
E6, driven orientation of electroactive polymer research and to suggest the arrival of the
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GRber plastic electronics era. The ultimate goal of the field is to develop a wide range of
V m polymeric materials with electronic properties of molecular solids and processability
UNIepte and mechanical properties of conventional polymers. The symposium consisted of a
FORD Date: S ppooslytemr esres;s s(io2n) caonndd ufocutirn go rpaol lsyemsseirosn; s:( 3)( 1)c hfairlgleed tpraonlsyfmere rps oalynmd eirosn; icaanldly (4c)o npdoulcytminegr
Nn LEDs. The session on conducting polymers was dedicated to Alan G. MacDiramid for
TAatio his pioneering contributions to conducting polymers. The symposium attracted an
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ed by Publi eSxecleecllteendt paaptteernsd oafn tchee osfy m1p0o0s-i1u5m0 wpeeroe phleig, hrliegflhetcetdi ning aan asrttriocnleg enintittelreeds,t "Pinl asthtiec s fwieiltdh.
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D This book comprises a collection of papers presented in the symposium as well
as several invited review papers. This volume is organized into three sections:
Properties (Chapters 2-11); Device Applications (Chapters 11-19), and Synthesis and
Fabrication (Chapters 20-27). This is in accordance the subtitle of the book,
"Applications, Properties, and Synthesis," because they are three key, inseparable
elements in today's materials research.
xi
In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
We thank Mary Galvin for help in organizing the meeting. We are very grateful
to the contributing authors for accepting the burden of contributing to this volume. We
thank Anne Wilson of the American Chemical Society Books Department for smooth
cooperation and patient support. We also thank the following organizations for their
financial support of the symposium: ACS Division of Polymer Chemistry, Inc., ACS
Petroleum Research Fund, National Science Foundation (Materials Research Program),
Hewlett-Packard Company, 3M, and Xerox Corporation.
BING R. HSIEH
The Wilson Center for Research and Technology
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or 800 Phillips Road, 114-22D
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xii
In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.
Chapter 1
Electroplastics for Plastic Electronics
Bing R. Hsieh 1 and Yen Wei 2
1 Xerox Corporation, The Wilson Center for Research and Technology,
800 Phillips Road, 114-39D, Webster, NY 14580 ([email protected])
2 Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, 32nd and Chestnut Streets,
Philadelphia, PA 19104 ([email protected])
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p3 polymers, ionically conducting polymers, charge transfer polymers, and
http://99-07 conjugated conducting polymers are reviewed. Their applications in
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R1 electroplastics are availability, processability, and reliability.
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UD majority of electroplastics are semiconducting with electrical conductivity in the range of
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Filled polymers are polymers loaded with conductive fillers such as carbon black,
graphite fiber, metal particles, or metal oxide particles [2-6]. Among the four classes of
semiconducting polymers, filled polymers have the longest history and broadest
application in electronic devices. Conducting filled polymers were invented in 1930 for
the prevention of corona discharge and have been used in advanced printed circuitries.
The dominant use of filled polymers as semiconducting materials can be attributed to
their ease of processing and wide range of electrical properties. Being inhomogeneous is
an inherent weakness of filled polymer systems, which have three phases, namely the
polymer, the filler, and the interface. Such inhomogeneity tends to result in problems
©1999 American Chemical Society 1
In Semiconducting Polymers; Hsieh, B., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999.