Security Integration in Europe: How Knowledge-based Networks Are Transforming the European Union

292 Pages·2011·1.04 MB·English

by  Mai'a Cross

Security Integration in Europe
Security Integration in Europe
how knowledge-based
networks are transforming
the european union
Mai’a K. Davis Cross
The University of Michigan Press
Ann Arbor
Copyright © by the University of Michigan 2011
All rights reserved
This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part,
including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying
permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright
Law and except by reviewers for the public press),
without written permission from the publisher.
Published in the United States of America by
The University of Michigan Press
Manufactured in the United States of America
c Printed on acid-free paper
2014 2013 2012 2011 4 3 2 1
A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cross, Mai’a K. Davis, 1977–
Security integration in Europe : how knowledge-based networks are
transforming the European Union / Mai’a K. Davis Cross.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isbn 978-0-472-11789-5 (cloth : alk. paper) —
isbn 978-0-472-02768-2 (e-book)
1. Security, International—European Union countries—Planning.
2. Policy networks—European Union countries. 3. National
security—European Union countries—Planning—International
cooperation. 4. Internal security—European Union
countries—Planning—International cooperation. I. Title.
jz6009.e94c76 2011
355'.03354—dc22 2011014830
For Murphy
Acknowledgments
The field research for this project was possible in large part because of
a fellowship from the Fulbright Foundation and because of the cooperation
of the nearly eighty ambassadors, military generals, crisis management ex-
perts, Commission of‹cials, and think-tank analysts who kindly granted
me interviews in 2009. The opportunity to spend so much time talking
with these individuals one on one about the work they do opened up an
entire world of dialogue, interaction, and persuasion that I have tried to
convey in these pages. I also received generous research support from the
University of Southern California’s School of International Relations, the
Von Kleidsmid Center, the Center for International Studies, the Center on
Public Diplomacy, and the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences.
The EU Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) also hosted me as a visiting fel-
low for three months in 2009.
I especially appreciate the feedback I received from Giovanni Grevi
while visiting EUISS. Daniel Keohane and Marcin Zaborowski were also
very kind to offer their comments on parts of this work. Many other col-
leagues gave me their opinions on various aspects of this research, includ-
ing Thomas Christiansen, Costas Constantinou, Magnus Ekengren, Jolyon
Howorth, Vincent Pouliot, Mark Rhinhard, and four anonymous reviewers.
This research has been especially in›uenced by the work of Jeffrey Checkel,
Simon Duke, Martha Finnemore, Peter Haas, Jolyon Howorth, Peter
Katzenstein, Margaret Keck, Kathleen McNamara, Andrew Moravcsik,
Thomas Risse, John Ruggie, Paul Sharp, Kathryn Sikkink, David Spence,
Ezra Suleiman, Alexander Wendt, and Geoffrey Wiseman. Ezra Suleiman
has been an excellent mentor and has advised me on my career and re-
search both during and after my time at Princeton.
My wonderful editor at the University of Michigan Press, Melody Herr,
viii acknowledgments
provided me with excellent advice in the ‹nal stages of revision and took
very good care of the manuscript through the whole publication process.
Mary Child worked with me on the title of the book and made suggestions
for the introduction. Kathryn Simons was of great help with the index. Two
students at Colgate University, T. J. Gunerman and Sarah Tilley, performed
some of the preliminary research, and at USC, Christina Gray was invalu-
able in helping me set up interviews and doing some last-minute back-
ground research. Maya Swisa carefully read over the proofs.
I began this research while I was an assistant professor at Colgate Uni-
versity, and thus I am grateful to Colgate University’s Research Council and
to the school’s political science and international relations departments.
While at Colgate, I had the opportunity to lead a faculty seminar on epi-
stemic communities and was able to invite Peter Haas to come to campus.
These discussions helped me shape the framework of this book. At Colgate,
I especially thank Stanley Brubaker, Tim Byrnes, Fred Chernoff, Bob Kray-
nak, Lyle Roelofs, and Al Yee.
My father, Michael C. Davis, a professor himself, has read all of my
work in one form or another and is always the ‹rst to point out how I can
sharpen my arguments. The ability to brainstorm my ideas with him has
been invaluable. My mother, Pamela Davis-Lee, has inspired me with her
ideas, ef‹ciency, and passion for what she does, even though it has nothing
to do with European security or epistemic communities. Most important,
my husband, Robert Cross, has taken care of so much on his own to enable
me to go to Europe and write this book. He did everything one could imag-
ine—including caring for Murphy and then raising Bailey (our puppy)
while recovering from two major surgeries and writing his dissertation—so
that I could focus on my work without any burdens. He was the ‹rst person
to read this manuscript cover to cover, and he edited my writing with close
attention to detail.
This book is dedicated to Murphy, my dear golden retriever, who was a
constant ‹xture in my life from my days in high school until May 3, 2009.
Murphy ›ew to Hong Kong twice and lived with me in New York City,
Princeton, Washington, D.C., Upstate New York, and the Los Angeles area.
He was the best dog one could imagine. I was in Europe conducting inter-
views for this book during his last few months, but my heart was unfail-
ingly with him.
Contents
Introduction 1
chapter 1. Why Do Epistemic Communities Matter? 13
chapter 2. Toward European Security Integration 42
chapter 3. Diplomats and Internal Security 77
chapter 4. Diplomats and External Security 122
chapter 5. The Military Community 145
chapter 6. Loose and Nascent Communities 186
Conclusion 214
Notes 229
Bibliography 251
Index 265