Red Hat Linux 7.3 The Official Red Hat Linux x86 - Archive RedHat

140 Pages·2013·3.75 MB·English

Red Hat Linux 7.3
The Official Red Hat Linux x86
Installation Guide

RedHatLinux7.3:TheOfficialRedHatLinuxx86InstallationGuide
Copyright'2002byRedHat,Inc.
RedHat,Inc.
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TheRedHatLinuxProductDocumentationTeamconsistsofthefollowingpeople:
SandraA.Moore,ProductDocumentationManager(cid:151)PrimaryWriter/MaintaineroftheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinux
x86InstallationGuide;ContributingWritertotheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinuxGettingStartedGuide
TammyFox,ProductDocumentationTechnicalLead(cid:151)PrimaryWriter/MaintaineroftheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinux
CustomizationGuide;ContributingWritertotheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinuxGettingStartedGuide;Writer/Maintainerof
customDocBookstylesheetsandscripts
EdwardC.Bailey,TechnicalWriter(cid:151)ContributingWritertotheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinuxx86InstallationGuide
JohnrayFuller,TechnicalWriter(cid:151)PrimaryWriter/MaintaineroftheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinuxReferenceGuide
JohnHa,TechnicalWriter(cid:151)ContributingWritertotheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinuxGettingStartedGuide

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................ix
1.DocumentConventions...................................................................................................ix
2.HowtoUseThisManual................................................................................................xii
2.1.WeNeedFeedback!...........................................................................................xii
1.StepstoGetYouStarted............................................................................................................15
1.1.DoYouHavetheRightComponents?.......................................................................15
1.1.1.WheretoFindOtherManuals......................................................................15
1.1.2.RegisteringYourProduct..............................................................................16
1.1.3.NoBoxedSet?NoProblem!.........................................................................16
1.2.IsYourHardwareCompatible?..................................................................................16
1.3.DoYouHaveEnoughDiskSpace?.............................................................................16
1.3.1.InstallationDiskSpaceRequirements.........................................................17
1.4.CanYouInstallUsingtheCD-ROM?.........................................................................18
1.4.1.AlternativeBootMethods.............................................................................18
1.4.2.MakingInstallationDiskettes......................................................................19
1.5.WhichInstallationClassisBestForYou?..................................................................20
1.5.1.WorkstationInstallations..............................................................................21
1.5.2.ServerInstallations........................................................................................22
1.5.3.LaptopInstallations.......................................................................................22
1.5.4.CustomInstallations......................................................................................23
1.5.5.UpgradingYourSystem................................................................................24
2.HardwareInformationandSystemRequirementsTables.................................................25
2.1.LearningAboutYourHardwarewithWindows......................................................25
2.2.RecordingYourSystem’sHardware..........................................................................29
3.InstallingRedHatLinux...........................................................................................................31
3.1.TheGraphicalInstallationProgramUserInterface.................................................31
3.1.1.ANoteaboutVirtualConsoles....................................................................31
3.2.TheTextModeInstallationProgramUserInterface................................................32
3.2.1.UsingtheKeyboardtoNavigate.................................................................33
3.2.2.DisplayingOnlineHelp................................................................................34
3.3.StartingtheInstallationProgram................................................................................34
3.3.1.BootingtheInstallationProgram.................................................................34
3.4.SelectinganInstallationMethod................................................................................37
3.5.InstallingfromCD-ROM.............................................................................................38
3.5.1.WhatIftheIDECD-ROMWasNotFound?..............................................39
3.6.InstallingfromaHardDrive.......................................................................................39
3.7.PreparingforaNetworkInstallation.........................................................................40
3.7.1.SettingUptheServer.....................................................................................40
3.8.InstallingviaNFS..........................................................................................................42
3.9.InstallingviaFTP..........................................................................................................42
3.10.InstallingviaHTTP.....................................................................................................43
3.11.WelcometoRedHatLinux........................................................................................44
3.12.LanguageSelection.....................................................................................................44
3.13.KeyboardCon(cid:2)guration............................................................................................45
3.14.MouseCon(cid:2)guration..................................................................................................46
3.15.InstallOptions.............................................................................................................48
3.16.DiskPartitioningSetup..............................................................................................48
3.17.AutomaticPartitioning...............................................................................................49
3.18.PartitioningYourSystem...........................................................................................50
3.18.1.GraphicalDisplayofHardDrive(s)..........................................................51
3.18.2.DiskDruid’sButtons..................................................................................51
3.18.3.PartitionFields.............................................................................................52
3.18.4.RecommendedPartitioningScheme.........................................................52
3.18.5.AddingPartitions.........................................................................................53
3.18.6.EditingPartitions.........................................................................................55
3.18.7.DeletingaPartition......................................................................................55
3.19.Partitioningwithfdisk...............................................................................................55
3.20.BootLoaderInstallation.............................................................................................56
3.20.1.RescueMode.................................................................................................58
3.20.2.AlternativeBootLoaders............................................................................58
3.20.3.SMPMotherboards,GRUB,andLILO......................................................59
3.21.GRUBPassword..........................................................................................................59
3.22.NetworkCon(cid:2)guration..............................................................................................60
3.23.FirewallCon(cid:2)guration...............................................................................................61
3.24.LanguageSupportSelection......................................................................................64
3.25.TimeZoneCon(cid:2)guration...........................................................................................65
3.26.AccountCon(cid:2)guration...............................................................................................66
3.26.1.SettingtheRootPassword..........................................................................67
3.26.2.SettingUpUserAccounts...........................................................................68
3.27.AuthenticationCon(cid:2)guration...................................................................................68
3.28.PackageGroupSelection............................................................................................70
3.28.1.SelectingIndividualPackages....................................................................71
3.28.2.ABriefIntroductiontoGNOME...............................................................72
3.28.3.ABriefIntroductiontoKDE.......................................................................73
3.28.4.UnresolvedDependencies..........................................................................73
3.29.XCon(cid:2)guration(cid:151)VideoCard.................................................................................74
3.29.1.VideoCardCon(cid:2)guration..........................................................................74
3.30.PreparingtoInstall.....................................................................................................75
3.31.InstallingPackages......................................................................................................75
3.32.BootDiskCreation......................................................................................................76
3.33.XCon(cid:2)guration(cid:151)MonitorandCustomization...................................................77
3.33.1.Con(cid:2)guringYourMonitor..........................................................................77
3.33.2.CustomCon(cid:2)guration.................................................................................78
3.34.InstallationComplete.................................................................................................79
A.UpgradingYourCurrentSystem............................................................................................81
A.1.WhatitMeanstoUpgrade.........................................................................................81
A.2.UpgradingYourSystem..............................................................................................81
A.3.UpgradingYourFileSystem......................................................................................82
A.4.CustomizingYourUpgrade.......................................................................................82
A.5.BootLoaderCon(cid:2)guration.........................................................................................83
A.5.1.CreatingaNewBootLoaderCon(cid:2)guration.............................................84
A.6.GRUBPassword...........................................................................................................87
A.7.SelectingPackagestoUpgrade..................................................................................87
A.7.1.UnresolvedDependencies...........................................................................88
A.8.UpgradingPackages....................................................................................................89
A.9.BootDiskCreation.......................................................................................................90
A.10.UpgradeComplete....................................................................................................91
B.RemovingRedHatLinux.........................................................................................................93
C.GettingTechnicalSupport.......................................................................................................95
C.1.RemembertoSignUp..................................................................................................95
C.2.AnOverviewofRedHatSupport.............................................................................95
C.3.ScopeofRedHatSupport...........................................................................................96
C.4.HowtoGetTechnicalSupport...................................................................................97
C.4.1.SigningupforTechnicalSupport...............................................................97
C.5.QuestionsforTechnicalSupport................................................................................98
C.5.1.HowtoSendSupportQuestions................................................................98
D.TroubleshootingYourInstallationofRedHatLinux.......................................................101
D.1.YouareUnabletoBootRedHatLinux...................................................................101
D.1.1.AreYouUnabletoBootfromtheCD-ROM?..........................................101
D.1.2.AreYouUnabletoBootfromtheLocalBootDisk?...............................101
D.1.3.AreYouUnabletoBootfromPCMCIABootDisks?.............................101
D.1.4.IsYourSystemDisplayingSignal11Errors?..........................................102
D.1.5.AreYouUnabletoBootfromaNetworkBootDisk?............................102
D.2.TroubleBeginningtheInstallation..........................................................................102
D.2.1.TroubleUsingPCMCIABootDisks?.......................................................102
D.2.2.IsYourMouseNotDetected?....................................................................102
D.2.3.ProblemswithBootingintotheGraphicalInstallation.........................103
D.3.TroubleDuringtheInstallation................................................................................103
D.3.1.PartitionCreationProblems......................................................................103
D.3.2.UsingRemainingSpace.............................................................................104
D.3.3.OtherPartitioningProblems.....................................................................104
D.3.4.AreYouSeeingPythonErrors?.................................................................104
D.4.ProblemsAfterInstallation.......................................................................................105
D.4.1.TroubleWiththeGraphicalGRUBScreen?.............................................105
D.4.2.TroubleWiththeGraphicalLILOScreen?...............................................105
D.4.3.ProblemswithServerInstallationsandX...............................................106
D.4.4.ProblemsWhenYouTrytoLogIn...........................................................106
D.4.5.DoesNetscapeNavigatorCrashonJavaScriptPages?.........................106
D.4.6.YourPrinterWillNotWorkUnderX.......................................................106
D.4.7.IsYourRAMNotBeingRecognized?......................................................107
D.4.8.ProblemswithSoundCon(cid:2)guration.......................................................108
E.AnIntroductiontoDiskPartitions.......................................................................................109
E.1.HardDiskBasicConcepts.........................................................................................109
E.1.1.ItisNotWhatYouWrite,itisHowYouWriteIt....................................109
E.1.2.Partitions:TurningOneDriveIntoMany................................................111
E.1.3.PartitionswithinPartitions(cid:151)AnOverviewofExtendedPartitions..114
E.1.4.MakingRoomForRedHatLinux.............................................................115
E.1.5.PartitionNamingScheme..........................................................................119
E.1.6.DiskPartitionsandOtherOperatingSystems........................................120
E.1.7.DiskPartitionsandMountPoints.............................................................121
E.1.8.HowManyPartitions?................................................................................121
E.1.9.OneLastWrinkle:UsingGRUBorLILO.................................................122
F.DriverDisks...............................................................................................................................125
F.1.WhyDoINeedaDriverDisk?.................................................................................125
F.1.1.SoWhatIsaDriverDiskAnyway?...........................................................125
F.1.2.HowDoIObtainaDriverDisk?...............................................................125
F.1.3.UsingaDriverDiskDuringInstallation...................................................126
G.Con(cid:2)guringaDual-BootSystem..........................................................................................127
G.1.AllocatingDiskSpaceforLinux..............................................................................128
G.1.1.AddaNewHardDrive..............................................................................128
G.1.2.UseanExistingHardDriveorPartition..................................................128
G.1.3.CreateaNewPartition...............................................................................129
G.2.InstallingRedHatLinuxinaDual-BootEnvironment........................................129
G.2.1.DiskPartitioning.........................................................................................129
G.2.2.Con(cid:2)guringtheBootLoader.....................................................................130
G.2.3.Post-Installation...........................................................................................130
G.3.PartitioningwithFIPS..............................................................................................130
Index................................................................................................................................................135

Introduction
WelcometotheOf(cid:2)cialRedHatLinuxx86InstallationGuide.Thisguidecontainsusefulinfor-
mationtoassistyouduringtheinstallationofRedHatLinux.Fromfundamentalconcepts
suchasinstallationpreparationtothestep-by-stepinstallationprocedure,thisbookwillbe
avaluableresourceasyouinstallRedHatLinux.
ThismanualwillwalkyouthroughatypicalRedHatLinuxCD-ROMinstallation.Onceyou
havecompletedtheinstallation,youwillhaveafullyfunctioningRedHatLinuxdesktop
system.
1.DocumentConventions
Whenyoureadthismanual, you will seethatcertain wordsarerepresentedindifferent
fonts,typefaces,sizes,andweights.Thishighlightingissystematic;differentwordsarerep-
resentedinthesamestyletoindicatetheirinclusioninaspeci(cid:2)ccategory.Thetypesofwords
thatarerepresentedthiswayincludethefollowing:
command
Linuxcommands(andotheroperatingsystemcommands,whenused)arerepresented
thisway.Thisstyleshouldindicatetoyouthatyoucantypethewordorphraseonthe
commandlineandpress[Enter]toinvokeacommand.Sometimesacommandcontains
wordsthatwouldbedisplayedinadifferentstyleontheirown(suchas(cid:2)lenames).In
thesecases,theyareconsideredtobepartofthecommand,sotheentirephrasewillbe
displayedasacommand.Forexample:
Usethecat testfilecommandtoviewthecontentsofa(cid:2)le,namedtestfile,inthe
currentworkingdirectory.
filename
Filenames,directorynames,paths,andRPMpackagenamesarerepresentedthisway.
Thisstyleshouldindicatethataparticular(cid:2)leordirectoryexistsbythatnameonyour
RedHatLinuxsystem.Examples:
The.bashrc(cid:2)leinyourhomedirectorycontainsbashshellde(cid:2)nitionsandaliasesfor
yourownuse.
The/etc/fstab(cid:2)lecontainsinformationaboutdifferentsystemdevicesand(cid:2)lesys-
tems.
InstallthewebalizerRPMifyouwanttouseaWebserverlog(cid:2)leanalysisprogram.
application
Thisstyleshouldindicatetoyouthattheprogramnamedisanend-userapplication(as
opposedtosystemsoftware).Forexample:
UseNetscapeNavigatortobrowsetheWeb.
x Introduction
[key]
Akeyonthekeyboardisshowninthisstyle.Forexample:
Touse[Tab]completion,typeinacharacterandthenpressthe[Tab]key.Yourterminal
willdisplaythelistof(cid:2)lesinthedirectorythatstartwiththatletter.
[key]-[combination]
Acombinationofkeystrokesisrepresentedinthisway.Forexample:
The[Ctrl]-[Alt]-[Backspace]keycombinationwillexityourgraphicalsessionandreturn
youtothegraphicalloginscreenortheconsole.
textfoundonaGUIinterface
Atitle,word,orphrasefoundonaGUIinterfacescreenorwindowwillbeshownin
thisstyle.Whenyouseetextshowninthisstyle,itisbeingusedtoidentifyaparticular
GUIscreenoranelementonaGUIscreen(suchastextassociatedwithacheckboxor
(cid:2)eld).Example:
SelecttheRequirePasswordcheckboxifyouwouldlikeyourscreensavertorequirea
passwordbeforestopping.
toplevelofamenuonaGUIscreenorwindow
Whenyouseeawordinthisstyle,itindicatesthatthewordisthetoplevelofapull-
downmenu.IfyouclickonthewordontheGUIscreen,therestofthemenushould
appear.Forexample:
UnderSettingsonaGNOMEterminal,youwillseethefollowingmenuitems:Prefer-
ences,ResetTerminal,ResetandClear,andColorselector.
IfyouneedtotypeinasequenceofcommandsfromaGUImenu,theywillbeshown
likethefollowingexample:
ClickonPrograms=>Applications=>EmacstostarttheEmacstexteditor.
buttononaGUIscreenorwindow
ThisstyleindicatesthatthetextwillbefoundonaclickablebuttononaGUIscreen.
Forexample:
ClickontheBackbuttontoreturntothewebpageyoulastviewed.
computer output
When you see textin this style, it indicates textdisplayed by thecomputer on the
commandline.Youwillseeresponsestocommandsyoutypedin,errormessages,and
interactivepromptsforyourinputduringscriptsorprogramsshownthisway.Forex-
ample:
Usethelscommandtodisplaythecontentsofadirectory:
$ ls
Desktop axhome logs paulwesterberg.gif
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