Table Of ContentPost-Parametric
AUTOMATION
IN
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
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Post-Parametric
AUTOMATION
IN
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
Alfredo Andia
Thomas Spiegelhalter
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the U.S. Library of Congress.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN-13: 978-1-60807-693-2
Cover design by John Gomes
Cover image courtesy of RMIT Architecture Masters Studio, 100 YC: Tom Kovac, Michael Mei
Students: Wencheng John Xu, Miau Teng Tan, Dac Thanh Vu
© 2015 Artech House
All rights reserved. Printed and bound in the United States of America. No part of this book
may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
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in writing from the publisher.
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been
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mark.
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Contents
Preface
Post-Parametric Automation in Design and Construction 13
(Alfredo Andia and Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Automating Design 13
Automating Construction 14
Toward a S emiautomated Construction Sector 14
Part I—Automating What?
17
Chapter 1
Toward Automating Design and Construction 19
(Alfredo Andia and Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Introduction 19
What Are Computers and How Do We Use Them? 19
Automation 20
Automating Design vs. Automating Construction 20
The Automation Themes in Architecture and Engineering: 21
From CAD to Parametric
Brief History of Parametric in Architecture 21
Three Parametric Paradigms 22
Post-Parametric Era 23
Automating Architecture and Engineering via Machine Learning 23
Automation Themes in Construction 23
Automating Construction via the Future of Digital Manufacturing 24
Conclusion 25
Chapter 2
Green Automation: Design Optimization, Manufacturing, and 27
Life-Cycle Sustainability
(Alfredo Andia and Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Introduction 27
Toward Interoperable, Automated, Parametric/Algorithmic 28
Carbon-Neutral Design Workfl ows
Total Green B uilding Automation System with Human- 30
Computer-Interface Topologies
Automation in Green Building Manufacturing 31
Conclusion 32
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Part II—Post-Parametric Workfl ows in Architectural
and Engineering Offi ces
(Alfredo Andia and Thomas Spiegelhalter) 35
Chapter 3
Engaging with Complexity: Computational Algorithms in 39
Architecture and Urban Design
(Keith Besserud, S OM)
Introduction 39
Search Algorithms 40
Genetic Algorithms 41
Systems Modeling 42
LakeSIM: Integrated Infrastructure Modeling Platform 44
Conclusion 45
Chapter 4
Space Planning with Synthetic User Experience 47
(Christian Derix, AEDAS)
Introduction 47
Space as Heuristic Organization 48
Models of Designer as User 49
Models of Occupant as User 50
Relational Representation 50
Enactive Architectures 51
Generic Functions of Buildings 53
Designing Organically 55
Computational Archetypes of Space 56
Chapter 5
Algorithmic Principles for Façade and Building Automation 59
Systems: Al-Bahar Towers, Abu Dhabi
(Abdulmajid Karanouh)
Introduction 59
Key Design Elements 60
Adaptive Mashrabiya Solar Screen 61
Managing Complexity 62
The Algorithm 65
Setting Up First Set of Algorithmic Principles and 4-D Java 66
Scripting
4-D Parametric/B IM Model and Geometry Optimization 70
Adaptive Principles Optimization, Construction, and Performance 72
Manual
Updating the Adaptive Algorithmic Principles and HMI Control 74
Software
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Chapter 6
Custom-Designed Structures and Façades with Parametric- 75
Algorithmic BIM Systems: 1 Bligh Street, Green Star
Rated High Rise Project, Sydney
(Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Introduction 75
Site Condition, Building Key Features, and Systems 76
Double Façade, Space Conditioning, Cooling, and Energy Use 79
Concept
Challenges of the Multidisciplinary CAD To BIM Collaboration 79
Structural Analysis and Design Integration 83
Integrated Double Façade Performance Analysis, 84
Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing, and Fire Service Design
Interoperability with the Contractor and Subcontractors 84
Renewable Energy, Water Recycling, and Benchmarking 85
Conclusion 86
Chapter 7
Parametric-Algorithmic Automated Modeling and 89
Fabrication: The Railway Station Stuttgart 21
(Albert Schuster, Lucio Blandini, and Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Urban Large-Scale Project Main Station Stuttgart 21 89
Parametric-Algorithmic Design of the New Railway Station 90
Stuttgart 21
Nonlinear Analysis and Structural Behavior Optimization 92
Finite Element 3-D Modeling and Automation 93
Scripting and Fabrication Process 95
Assembly Process 96
Low Primary Energy Requirements 96
Zero-Energy Station and Passenger Comfort 97
Chapter 8
Integrated Project Delivery and Total Building Automation: 99
Q1 ThyssenKrupp Headquarter, JSWD Architekten + Chaix
& Morel et Associés
(Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Introduction 99
Q1 Sun and Daylight Prototype Control System: Design and 101
Production
Q1 Energy Concept 107
General Q1 Project Management 107
Q1 Total Green Building A utomation (DESIGO) 109
Q1 Certifi cations, Awards, and Honors 109
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Chapter 9
Design Computation at Arup 112
(Clayton Binkley, Paul Jeffries, and Mathew Vola)
Introduction 112
Parametric Design Case Study 114
Custom Tool Development 116
DesignLink SDK 116
SALAMANDER 116
Stadium Generator 117
Automation 118
Chapter 10
Generic Optimization Algorithms for Building Energy 121
Demand Optimization: Concept 2226, Austria
(Lars Junghans)
Introduction 121
Optimization Methods: Probabilistic Optimization Methods 122
Optimization Methods: Sequential Search Algorithms 124
Available Optimization Tools 127
Future Developments in Generic Building Optimization 127
Built Example 128
Conclusion 129
Chapter 11
Customized Algorithmic Engineering of a Curved Cable - 131
Stayed Façade: The Enzo Ferrari Museum, Modena, Italy
(Lucio Blandini and Werner Sobek)
Introduction 131
Geometry 133
Cable-Stayed Glass Façade 134
Aluminum Roof 138
Conclusion 139
Acknowledgments 139
Part III— Post-Parametric Automation in Construction
(Alfredo Andia and Thomas Spiegelhalter) 141
Chapter 12
Siemens Digital (Self-Learning) Factories and Automation: 145
Automated System Optimization via Genetic Algorithms
(Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Traditional 2-D Factory D esign Processes Are Prone to Error 145
Digital Factory Design and Operation with PLM Software 146
Case Study: Integrated Tecnomatix and Robotics Process 149
Engineering for the V olkswagen Group
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GAs, Neural Networks, and Wasp Swarm 151
Optimization of Logistic Systems and Automation
Chapter 13
Prefabricating a More Sustainable Building and Assembling 155
It in 15 Days: Broad Group, China
(Alfredo Andia)
The Origins 155
Sustainability Vision 156
Broad Sustainable Building 156
The T30 Hotel Built in 15 Days 157
BSB Sustainability 158
Cost and Time 158
Building Automation System 161
Business Model 161
Sky City: The Tallest Building in the World Built in 90 Days 161
Conclusion 161
Chapter 14
Automated Fabrication and Assembly: Sekisui Heim, Tokyo, Japan 163
(Jun Furuse, Masayuki Katano, and Thomas Spiegelhalter)
Introduction 163
Modular Sekisui Unit House 164
Workfl ow from Client’s D esign Contract to Manufacturing with 165
Robots to On-Site Assembly
Technical Key Points In The Arrangement and Programming of 166
Parts
BOM Structuring 166
Parts Arrangement System and Outline of HAPPS 167
Conversion of Intermediates to Objects 168
Property Inheritance from Object to Parts 169
Application Scope of HAPPS Information 169
Summary of the Effi ciency and Accuracy of H APPS 169
Chapter 15
Customized Prefabrication in Two Hospitals: NBBJ, Ohio 171
(Alfredo Andia)
Introduction 171
Miami Valley Hospital: Implementing the Idea of Prefabrication 171
Prefabrication Performance Metrics 176
Neuroscience Institute at Riverside Methodist Hospital 176
Colocating of the Entire Design/Build Team in NBBJ Offi ce 177
Just-in-Time Prefab Construction Schedule 177
3-D and 4-D BIM Models 178
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