improving livelihood to farmers through sunflower seeds processing

168 Pages·2013·0.84 MB·English

IMPROVING LIVELIHOOD TO FARMERS THROUGH SUNFLOWER
SEEDS PROCESSING: A CASE OF MSHANI VILLAGE - SUMBAWANGA
DISTRICT

PRISILA FESTUS MARIDADI

A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS IN COMMUNITY
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF
TANZANIA
2013
ii
CERTIFICATION
The undersigned certify that I have read this dissertation and I am satisfied that it can
be submitted to the Open University of Tanzania for the dissertation titled,
“Improving Livelihood to Farmers through Sunflower Seeds Processing: A case of
Mshani Village - Sumbawanga District” in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the award of the Masters of Community Economic Development (MCED) of The
Open University of Tanzania.

……………………..…………………
Dr. Felician Mutasa
(Supervisor)

………………………………………………..
Date
iii
COPYRIGHT
No part of this project may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the author or the Open
University of Tanzania in that behalf.
iv
DECLARATION
I, Prisila Festus Maridadi, do hereby declare to the senate of the Open University of
Tanzania that this dissertation is a result of my work and has not been submitted for
higher degree award in any other University.

…………………………………..
Signature

………………………………………..
Date
v
DEDICATION

This work is dedicated to my beloved husband Mr. JK Kipeta Kalimanzila, my love
Sons Ezekiel and Elisha, my beloved daughter Eveline, my parents Mr. and Mrs.
Maridadi and Parents in law Mr and Mrs Kalimanzila for their financial and social
assistance during the study.
vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study done through different assistance from different stakeholders in social,
economic and cultural as follows:

I would like to thanks my Almighty God who empowers me in wok implementation
accordingly to his love.

I send my gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Mutasa who help me during dissertation
implementation. My gratefulness reaches Mbeya center staffs, Rukwa center staffs
and Dar es Salaam center staffs for their assistance.

I appreciate my sisters Alexia, Amelia, Anjelina, my brother in Law Mr. Samwel, my
my Aunt Valentine, my sister in law Anisetha for morale support during the study.
Also special thanks to my Cosine Asinta and Mr. and Mrs. Mungaya family for
social support during presentation of the study. Lastly I give thanks to all
stakeholders who give me hands during the study and all my fellow staff members of
Sumbawanga district council for their assistance without forgetting the DED of
Sumbawanga for giving me a chance to attend MCED course from the beginning up
to the end.
vii

ABSTRACT
In many societies poverty is a challenge although the government makes effort in
formulating agricultural policies in creation of conducive environment for
agricultural growth. Specifically in relation to development of markets and marketing
systems for inputs and outputs but poor planning, knowledge and management of
agricultural outputs leads the farmers to fall into the jungle of poverty. The need for
poverty alleviation is important issues for any community in its economic
development. The researcher used primary and secondary methods in dada
correction. Primary data collected through interview, questionnaire and observation
and secondary data used to correct documentation data. Community needs
assessment finding basically designed to present what was gather during the study.
The finding presented based on the research questions which hold base the situation
concerning community needs of Mshani village – in Sumbawanga. The data were
obtained from Mshani village farmers, village leaders, ward leaders and district
leaders and processed by Statistical Package Software Skills (SPSS). The
government should make sure that the policy which made consider the oilseeds
production, processing as well of market to improve it to the producers.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CERTIFICATION ..................................................................................................... ii
COPYRIGHT ............................................................................................................ iii
DECLARATION ....................................................................................................... iv
DEDICATION ............................................................................................................ v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................ vi
ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ viii
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................. xiv
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ xvi
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................. xviii
CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................ 1
1.0 PARTICIPATORY NEEDS ASSESSMENT ................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Community Profile ................................................................................................ 3
1.1.1 Geographical Location ........................................................................................ 4
1.1.2 Political Administrations Structure .................................................................... 4
1.1.3 Economic Activities ............................................................................................ 5
1.1.4 Demographic Features ........................................................................................ 5
1.1.5 Social Stratifications and Power Relations ......................................................... 6
1.1.6 Organizations and their Activities ....................................................................... 7
1.1.7 Cultural Factors ................................................................................................... 7
1.1.8 Social Services .................................................................................................... 7
1.1.9 Critical Issues ...................................................................................................... 9
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1.2 Community Needs Assessment ........................................................................ 11
1.2.1 Community Needs Assessment Objectives ....................................................... 12
1.2.2 Community Needs Assessment Questions ........................................................ 12
1.3 Community Needs Assessment Findings ............................................................. 16
1.3.1 Respondent Profiles .......................................................................................... 16
1.4 Community Needs Prioritization ......................................................................... 28
1.5 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 30
CHAPTER TWO ..................................................................................................... 31
2.0 BACKGROUND TO RESEARCH PROBLEM ............................................. 31
2.1 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................... 32
2.2 Project Description ............................................................................................... 33
2.2.1 Production ......................................................................................................... 34
2.2.2 Processing ......................................................................................................... 34
2.2.3 Packaging .......................................................................................................... 35
2.2.4 Dissemination to the Users................................................................................ 35
2.3 Target Community ............................................................................................ 36
2.3.1 Stakeholders in Sunflower Seeds Processing Project ....................................... 37
2.3.2 Project Goals ..................................................................................................... 37
2.3.3 Project Objectives ............................................................................................. 38
2.4 Sunflower Seeds Processing Organization profile ............................................... 38
2.4.1 Vision ................................................................................................................ 39
2.4.2 Mission .............................................................................................................. 39
2.4.3 Organization Activities ..................................................................................... 39
2.4.4 Organization Structure ...................................................................................... 40
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2.4.5 Sunflower Seed Processing Organization Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and
Threats .............................................................................................................. 42
2.4.6 Animator Role to the Project ............................................................................ 43
2.4.7 Sunflower Seeds Processing Organization role ................................................ 44
2.5 Summary .............................................................................................................. 44
CHAPTER THREE ................................................................................................. 46
3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................. 46
3.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 46
3.2 Theoretical Literature ....................................................................................... 46
3.1.1 Problem was Identified ..................................................................................... 46
3.1.2 The Existence of the Problem ........................................................................... 50
3.1.3 The Extent of the Problem ................................................................................ 53
3.1.4 Benefits of Solving the Problem ....................................................................... 56
3.2 Empirical Literature .......................................................................................... 73
3.2.1 Challenges Face Farmers .................................................................................. 73
3.2.2 Sunflower Production in Tanzania .................................................................... 74
3.2.3 Legal Documents .............................................................................................. 75
3.2.4 Sunflower Seeds Processing in Kibaya ............................................................ 76
3.2.5 Sunflower Seeds and Sunflower Product Price in Tanzania ............................. 77
3.2.6 Introduction of Sunflower in Tanzania ............................................................. 77
3.2.7 How others have Approached Similar Projects ................................................ 78
3.2.8 Learned from these Sources, and their Experience ........................................... 79
3.2.3 To Incorporated Literature Review into Sunflower Seeds Processing Projects 80
3.3 Policy Reviews ..................................................................................................... 81