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ERIC ED405376: Pocket Guide to Multiple Intelligences. PDF

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DOCUMENT RESUME TM 026 231 ED 405 376 Shirley, Linda J. AUTHOR Pocket Guide to Multiple Intelligences. TITLE National Dropout Prevention Center, Clemson, SC. INSTITUTION PUB DATE 96 NOTE 19p. National Dropout Prevention Center, Clemson AVAILABLE FROM University, 205 Martin Street, Clemson, SC 29634-0726 (single copies and bulk orders of 25). Reports Non-Classroom Use (055) PUB TYPE Guides Descriptive (141) MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. EDRS PRICE *Cognitive Processes; Elementary Secondary Education; DESCRIPTORS *Intelligence; Interpersonal Competence; Kinesthetic Perception; Linguistic Competence; Mathematical Aptitude; Music; *Talent; *Teaching Methods; *Verbal Ability; Visual Perception *Gardner (Howard); Intrapersonal Skills; *Multiple IDENTIFIERS Intelligences ABSTRACT Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (1983) suggests that human cognitive competence is best described as a set of abilities, talents, or mental skills. All human beings possess each of these intelligences to some extent, but individuals differ in the levels of development and nature of their combination. The seven intelligences identified by Gardner are: verbal/linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, visual/spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Applying this theory to teaching allows previously unrecognized talents and abilities related to all of these intelligences to be developed. The theory does not imply that every concept or skill needs to be taught in seven different ways, but it encourages teachers to incorporate a variety of activities into a lesson or unit. If teachers show students that there are different ways of learning by building on all of these intelligences, students find new and creative ways to learn. Each of these intelligences is reviewed, with a discussion of characteristic strengths, the application of the type of intelligence, sample assessment tools, and sample career options. (Contains 1 figure and 13 references.) (SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** asoi ammo, 1 I PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND F EDUCATION U S DEPARTMENT OF improvement DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL Office of Educational Research and INFORMATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES HAS BEEN GRANTED BY CENTER (ERIC) CIY/This document has been reproduced as P/947Y j() OjeekklAl.) received from the person or organization originating it Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES this Points of view or opinions stated in INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) document do not necessarily represent MM. official OERI position or policy e, o Ow. peat 011. MaNNI MIMS tamps k BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 e s d e 4 i e c y u e l n l r p G i e h i S o g y t . b t l J t i e u a l d k l M n e i c L t o n P I 5 s r s o 0 e r e F c 2 d n . r , n e y o a g t i k m i s l l l u r e t e b s t v n e d i I r n n h e U a C l p s n i g e t o l e i u p s P M o m c y o e b e t l C l g d e n e d , i r t i S u e t a G t . m n 9 e 9 t r e C o 5 k f 2 c n - d 6 o o n 5 P i a t 6 n . d r ) e e 4 e v 6 t n n e 8 g e r ( P i C s , 6 e t n 2 u d 7 o o d 0 i p t n - n o 4 a e r 3 D v y 6 e e 9 l r l a 2 P r i n h C t o S u S i o t . a , p J n N o o a r s d e D m . n h e l i e t l a L b l t n C a c y o l a b i , a i t t t e n a v n e o a N e r c t t c t S , i r 6 , r a s w 9 n e i 9 5 t i s r p 1 2 a a o M w f O o c r PREFACE Under the leadership of researcher Dr. Howard Gardner, Harvard University's Project Zero was begun in 1979 to investigate human potential. It was from this project that Dr. Gardner developed the Theory of Multiple Intelligences described in his 1983 book, Frames of Mind. Gardner defines an intelligence as "the ability to solve problems, or to create products, that are valued within one or more cultural settings." Gardner believes that human cognitive compe- tence is better described in terms of a set of abilities, talents, or mental skills which he calls intelligences. All normal human beings possess each of these intelligences to some extent; however, individuals differ in the levels of development and nature of their combination. The seven intelligences identified by Dr. Gardner are: verbal/ linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, visual/spatial, bodily/ki- nesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Traditional teaching tends to recognize and reward those students who show strengths in verbal/linguistic and logical/mathematical intelligences. Students weak in these intelligences are often identified as slow learners or educationally at risk; however, when concepts are presented through the intelligences in which they are strong, they are In as capable of learning as their traditionally successful peers. addition, by applying this theory to teaching, previously unrecog- nized talents and abilities related to the other intelligences can be developed. The theory does not imply that every concept, skill, or idea needs to be taught in seven different ways. In fact, most activities easily integrate one or more of the intelligences. However, it encourages teachers to incorporate a variety of activities within a lesson, a unit, and throughout the semester so that all students, but especially those who are at risk, have increased chances for school success. When educators show students that there are different ways of learning by building upon all of the intelligences, students new and creative ways to solve problems, achieve find new success, and become lifelong learners. L 1 I - c h r h e - , o g t - c e n e - o s e u i u c s c r t i l n - h o t d t h y t o a p u t s i i e - s t i n s y h r t t b i c o l s c i r o - i u r t u e l t w u a e s , l n e i e . i e l g o t a y i v s g n g b a P n t e t d n n s u l i s u n h I a a E s t e e t , o i e c i , . , g i c i n o n u l m . v e r e y s s l i / o C e w n o e g / b r t i l u n r r l v l f a t i u n e e t t i n i a a g e c v N s s n i t b t t t p o , e a b s l p e d i o i c t a i r e k a c g r i r t l f r E u e O r l r e n s c w i u n l f e a o t o e a r r e i v v o a e u a l G v h i g e t l d w m n r f d t s i o o h , g e T s e a s d e g a n e h b d e I g n s h e o i i t e , e g e v n i l a s L e t a g . h e u n o t c l g r l e t n a e c n e r i g t v t e a r a s o n a s d n n p L t d s o i g i l o n a y r n t C a u e c u r r i n e r i a i n r m a e n i f , a a h h l t e h a o e e E n g o t e e u c t g r m a a p e i i i i / n / k e i c t c o r r r i h n a i r n m o d n l l r n r s T c t g t a r l a n e l u a o h s t o c a s o i i e r o p i r o s i u e i e e e r , s l d p m e c w a t a t N u l t l t l r r p o m t b u e p e p c l v a s o g i e a e e t e t o n d d n i p o r i a a c a s i s s s r r o r l b t i t p I h l a u a j e n e a n l o c e . t l r a a S s l k g m ! t a C n e h r o i e n p o t y e s p n d e e t i t h e o t a h e I o r n u i o d , t s w g w l i s T n h i t i t t u s a t / l r r n s o a l i T . e o e e c t o w S a s e i d s l s e k t l o i n e e b l h n b r t I h n m p a e t m r s r e , r t e a U t m a t h a o . i i e g p . d e o i g w u a , e s e t e v n t s h l G u o n g t d g t r l i P a o t l i u n t t a a e r e i o n t r o e r s t d t N s e i o h d g o h . o s o e h i t r s s s r " g l a t b n e w T w c T t o h e n a / t I h i u r a s n a l r i l e w l L t n e a a t e g r . l g c t e , n t o n , e i t o s d b n m i s n g / s n n i g t g e o b e s i t e r L a g a i n e i l s s p e k e s n h l i m e l n r i l t e r e s t A v a i n d d t e t R p a i f o y d s c c s t S n t r o i n n r i u n i s n a n c B h o r , , t a t a . I e s t c s l i u i c s i s w t t s e i o p k f s R c i n i . s , s s g w l m e t t n u s e t " o i e a i e e s u d n t c A e h t E g o e o n D s y c i n a m o a n o n c t r , i e n i n s b o t a b e b V e v a t n r f e e i n t y i n e i m l a g i a e t a t l r l e l e g t a i a , c s g i / c o e p c b d a , s v i b r l e k s i g a s i t i u r u e a m r e s e l s l l s n a d l l r , n e l i t i o l b r d g a p n e n a e v i r r e n p o t a d t e v r n e o p h o o s t t n S e r x e n h n , n n n G a w C i A t t t d v e e a s s s t i l i i i i r d h t t d f r - . e g s y , h - . f s , o - a y - h d r a l m e s o t a e o l t r n a m h e i e n o l t n c l h i e e c e h a l l e c o e v c w a t e i p o l a e e s t t r v t a d t w o a t y m n e n e n t t e o u n a s m p s e e , e y m s e s r l t e y e s u i s n i r o o t s y u e i n a r r a e e h e g a h h r a g e A l n / s f H o e r s s v r I e e o d l v i o c c r i t t c g e i o v t a o g x l l f e b i t o ; e a i l s . . n n o v l c u w s s o t . r s i l g l p e i b h m e t r e a i d i n b g i e e e s h y c o d c n D h t g Y r e i r i . o m s e d g l n t e n n t s a e . i h t d S o o a o y e n b y c m n l l r e t i i i p i i w l , . b R y e t f a p r y l c d i r d p l t t a i a t E s p e o t a e i s a l m p t r s n o b n f s n s r , u n l t o e n h e l i O a h n , e y x o i o y e o e C e e t e a d i b s i e a t v b e l a c b d t o f r m g e t p l a c p v e n t ; r v m e a E e n h n u n a N r s i e s w , o l g i y v c e i e y t y v i t e E p r i e t u i j k a e i g o u r i l d p s e e H r o n n f g a r e h h r l g m E p s v y f o n s r g h d l o i o u t i n m d r a . e o e g t o p n t a a e e M i l T e l t s e c e d G n o r b l r d v l i e i e i v : s t m s d e l y h r u h l e a d e h h s e e c r v e n e e e s a e n l c t n c t f u d o E o a I . t T t d o t h e e h c e d a t o s a l o a a y i n n i L n i c c n u s a d h c i i g t t e c y w m H r c r h n r u n I e i a s e u , p e u e n g r c i i a o L e d , a M e i t e h h e s e m d g s r g r a c y e e r T ; i h i v t e t y v e t a e e d s w i t s r x e n E . u i o r t g s e p r t a o v l s v i c e e e l h n i o d t g e e p a f e b t t d l i s o l g c , c M i n c s T t e c a f i h t e o o n l e s n r v d n m n i l n a i e o n l e w n m i r l n r e r t a e l n h t d i n i o e a N r g r u g g i i o a t a h c n y i t c O v o p s a w e a t o c i c t a o e g i i f m c o e r g n c n d s i e t b h i o l t I y H g l h e r u c n e n e g l i t d R t a h e n d e u i c n r n f r e d n a c d s o r b e b a i n e g E e r p o g k i t n t t o a p e l a . t r y F t u r s n r a n m s a i d p o f r i t o s r e o e e r s i r v p o l L l g e e r m o o i o u r e f a l l a h p s h r y v ; 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C i d i a t e a o m b s s s r h s f i n h t g c i n h o m , t o m n I t l o g a T i n e t T S g s e n o , s i g n n i h t , u t d y n p n . r s i U i n i o t n t m s , u l n s o n a r y e m p g i l s o a e t r e t l a e M r a h a s n a a e r i t c g h m t , t l p r s z r - l o S s s e i p c t n g i x s i r g y , h r s r n . i l n i t e u n o A s c e t r s n h t y i i , a s e c d m i e f i s s o r a o , g t s g h s k n s e e . d n s s l s t n , e n r s c t n p p u n a n i h n o o a D l o A r i l a o i i o l c a , s a n s e s r i h e s t x t s h i s t o i r n t i o l w m i o t e t a c m e t e a p c f d i l i n l c r t l g e a a p r d e p e n o p s i e i e e o m r t c i n r l u o m e u / t n m r d a n e p t c n a d n a o p i o e e h h u e s p t y l a e n o o r h i m i e G C t T A S t g n d g a c c s r t i 1 / s - e t y c - - d , e s l g y s i p n g h h i a e d h l n a n t f i o l n t c t n h E n r t a r i e o a s t i t i t e s t a k t t m r n g n a , C d i n l n t g t s a e p o e o s s l i e e n a / e r N r e r i c l l s m c n h e i e p c l i a e m t n a e f d n m r o t s c E c v i i , c o h o n n e s i t w r i o i e m d i u / G t i r g e u g t o t d o h t c e e o p a t o n p i t a n d u p r n o t r I l n m x l i O s r p l s a n d L g e n e e g e n e s i ' g a g n e n m h , i t e a h o a d L r g n e n h i a i t r l s i d e T r n / n n k r r o c c i a t e E m p g e e g n a e e t a i o i i p r v n l . n r r t n t e l n t p a m T t e e a r r a s u m a a i i a a s t h e o i r i e y l t r r r e c l m s C g i v s s b t c e N u / u o t w e t v r o e c i s r n i r u c a l i u n e o t t t c c t k o a i i e i h e f c n u a h r i s c e n p d t n n e I r l i k h t t c k e T a o i m d a u o s p l c e m i s a e i h e i p d o t l g n d L y c g h r n r c s a v d m g a u c r t . e t u n o m n a o u h g c n a w c g a n m s , p e o A h h , b p u b g i c a a p e n a e n i t n i n a l , c l o t n n r h s i a r i C o a S r u t e h h i i n a e t c a s m i n h s h a m t s w n o b I i e o t g m i t T s l s / g a r c i e l o a e a n e t e r n e a e A z s l s e e e s n i l r c i v e i a u p h l r p d r i l g i u l M r o a t o g n e o y o d h n o q , u l e h t o a s b t C P n p o h t E P , r l t s p o , y u x r g o k n s . t e e t e t H l e o e u n . n l s o l h t m s c o e c o a e f i i i y h n T T s t l = c o n h d c t h o s b s t a o t o x i T e t u t i n p g A o a g z . c j l g e t e n t e k r i n n i o s t c s i h c n s M , o d n c e e d l l i a s s r n s a l i e u e r o i n t r h a e e ) n t y g e h u t . h t m t / p f l c t a p m S s g o r e s t o c n L c n i B b s a o s i h i e r y i e e e e c A l r s a t s n A c T g h l , f a g l i g h g i e g e o s t a i e t n t l i n i s t t . C s e t n c i l e l s . n n n n t e s ( t a i l g i f D s u i i r u a h u e o A r a l i c I t t o t n e l o a v n t t t u r x i G i o l a n r t i a l t t m b . 2 u r t a g q e e o a t t a s c s h i s h e a a c o O l n l c . i s p r y a e e c s s , p c e p t m i c e e i i e p r k a i t h b r t - A c l r m m L c h i n l s a a e p o T t u n , t o n l i l o s e t g m a h e i t t i p a g i e o b n f s h w r m n h n G C S A i g o p c e e a i t f i t i ' - e - e , e n e , o - , - n s n y g h c u k i c r i t e o l r t n u e t t a n v l e m i a s h e d i l e m s r e t i e p i t t a c o e c e , g b l a n m t p a i n r h s i i n E r l n l i p e l x n i u t a o e u e l c o s t e C p o h e r k r o m j i - i d l n e i t n t i s h t s e f , n n r t N l t k 1 o a g n e d s p t a c s i a i , r i u d n n o h i p n O o t m 1 l E t o s p a n b l a i a r t c e t i w i n o g a h i a c h G h i w g r h v c o r n n t n t h u e s t i n e t i n l n t a u e s d l I s i d e f a t n h o e l w o e h e e r L i n r s e r e n e h i t s c t r r i a e c e e t s , o g e r g t e t e L g d l l g C n e i n m c e a a v i n t e r t p d , r e n m n i t e a p n r i y r E e c c i t e i n a l s e p n o e e e t i r / a s c e n i i l l t l e e c r c a h i i s s c T e l i u r n r t o e g i p r o f u r p l r f n n t y y t t n t w t n r a s t h e g r s c s a e t N q m m r a e u h h a a g y a c e t a t e r u h o e e g d l e x a a p d p n c a c e l f r o a a t I j t j p r i e h i a s s n r o s l S a l p d l t h e C e T e a o r e r o o n s h e t o i , t h I s . t h f e i n t s p t d c a T k o c c n w l d i s u l n u l / . n c e n E c i y r g r a d s k a m o e t a i l n A s t n H l s i l s , e a i n s e d p s m a n r h l a b . e v i o o T u t a o e , t o m i o o e b t s c s , i d S s n o h m t l t P e s i i a a e a . e s o c r l n E l r g s g i s o y s l h . u e i i r d e s n s s t o N k h T o e n d a l h e n w a e T a / t P t r r n n t a l y a s a I . c p g d c i n a d m l K e t . , i d y x n n i s n a n s o e l d , e r d a e g m y e g o / i h d o c o o r t n Y s o m h n , p n i o t t p b a t b n t i S t p i s u a c i n r e h s h L o e y r n e d o g h s I t c , c c s e i r d c i e s I n t t i l u t m s , d . a n o s y e D s t o g g i n i e o s u e r s s a b i e o n n t r o D t i t . t n u A l c m h O o s r d i t o i c i e a i v e , y n T t f e r n y g g k l r l a t e s e B a i o o t , e a o i c n n / b t s t c n l m . l h y m p r c i f a s p p i i e i a e s r w k d d l s a g l d r c i m - i e e r t n p a m n l l e n d l n n d t p d g i i i e p h e l a i i u u o u e e n r o n h h h G C A S o g b d b b b a r i t t t - d s , , , - y - , . i s m s a k t o n v t e i i v i n h o a n i r c e r v i t o d e a h e e n o g f p s s t g d o m s n b . a e n s n n n s i i c o t a . e e o n o i a , n a n s c s s e i n i h n o E a a , r n t r h g e c o p e s i a r l e t C g p e e u n r p e O t i e k m x s a s i r l y N z p t i r e e m n r r s r r h e a i t p e e e e o e l t i e p c E h g i a c x n l h h e s t r g a p i u n u i f e , e a e G r t p b i m d s a o o o a r e s r g h t l r a o r l a e c l r e h e i C r g I i a c d o e r g r e t r v e h e l n P L g i u t n a e o e n t t l d o t r n l u T n p g e e e , t o s i t e l h i o i t . L t g i n o h s m e m t i l l i i t v s o o t m g t l n p u s v . i n i r t y c e l i s e t l E t h e n a n a o i a , c a m r i r r l i a p e a y s e d p p p z w e a c i a a i s s o l T l p g o t t e a z a w l r a a a a a i l a u S N s p s e t e m r a i m s p a ' r d s t v d r a I c p a / d d e n i l , l e , p s s c a L g d n i d r / l s l m u l a n a a l / n A a n e s a l i t i a u a r , i a n h n i e s v e I t u s c g t , e h e a t T i s s e a m i z v t p n e i i s h m h a A v n s s n i e e m T t / l o i n D s h l o e P t e a l e i r t h . o , o z , u s a g S r . s T d f T i o s h u s n k l o d / e l a t i t t i o L r . t l g v x n g u k n n n e t o o n e i a n s A n o d o e e f 0 w b t e i s m a i i o m i h v l m h r t t d U t 1 d l m t n t p i r e t i s u n S e a w o e i n d s h S l o a r t r t a a p e I a c n c t g t y I e u s , a m r i s . a t a e V e t n t s n s c s e n s s i p e A v i s o i e o u d D i a u v , h a e r h i y e r i c l e , e h t n t r t e l c t d t r l a s t u i n , c i s e n l a a t c t n n v c p e t r e , r i r e a , c s a i o i u g e k m e m r V w l r t e i o c n p p t a s n a n p d p a n a l e e p h i o o i S a o o r l n r G C l A i d d c c c s r t i t n l . e . , - s . . s - y e a e s e t i w h n f w s l t l b n c c l e n t i l u o e n i o n o g g e v e r m s e s e l n a t c i r m l n t r g g m s i e s t a p e e a i i n i i e a r a m p l l h i t t d r o l l r l s d a s t a e e e , e i i r g h a n d p n t t t l o h E e m t n n n p a e n m t o p t c c n i i h t i O C a a e s n e t a e o w s l t t t e h r t e a a s N e i t s s a r o e t h t t m r r n h y s r e , l e s p t r u a y t s e r o e E l t e i e f n y d e o a n a e p g g r n n n r s i r h s r y e n o n n G r f o l o a r o o a a i t t o p t s h r a e r a e n j i a r C i m e l l n g n s o l o t i n g u I p o o c o r h m e e a v f e n i e r t p s L e o y r o a h h h l t s m e v n o n s t o o a e n e i l g r y n c c c l s s i e h y L t e s o e r t t l r p i t n r y y y a u e x n i v t e t t e s o e e n e h s m g n u E g g i s s s o n e i e n h n h y m l g i p p p p n e a i n s c o c n r i g o T t a T l e s e . n i e o e n S s l n t , w m e o t A N s a n r a . o r a h g d s t o r a i i r r s t t r r l t n I o n . e t u s p e o g s t a o i k s l c p u i L / k n l n c m s r c d a t o o i n e a r s u o A a n m n b t o h i i h o s r o d a h a y o f t a e N r b i o o - t t t e e n l t s k f a i l h c r l r P t e O l n r e n i c i u e d w l o n b i w e s i l e s r y . S h o a a l h e s t m s j o a n e c t s o v s h t t R e s o d n o c e n k s o , i r t h w n f T e i r i t s g p e r E o d T i t r i o c r m o o c s n r a n e e . n r e P w a s a l t t . h e a e b p n e l n v o s r a A l r c p h t a o p e i l e , t t e a k g e t c l S i h m e s c ; h c t c R t d w u n r s l c s i g p e t a o s o n e c s i A n i i T l d s t o f s h r w m a t i f e a , o e c c t s e g e e c N g t . s s ; s e e d n i r f s o k s i s i e l d d n n i n r o l e a s g I A r t e D l l e n k e n e r l a i n e n r s l m a t i a t a o - m a a o t a e i s l c t n n e n h c a n n e g c l s a e w r e , p r i t r d e i o e n s r u y e c p l e m s d w l a h s i p n e o n d d a o p i c r h u t p h h e a j o o e n e n a C t G s A S T T g p h g p a a s i L r 1 ' . g - t h e . s r h l s , l - y a s r s o a n a p r h t i t e e r h n u i h i n i i u e t p w w h , n c o t o t e o h o s r T a r i c t m n t s e r e t a s a s f o n g n r t i n v . e . a r o n e e s s s s e e l h o e l g g n r p i r o ' t o p t e t i d e e e n n n o a i t r n r o v l E v h h w c i i i e o s h i p i o n n i a t t t s t g t , r r C t o p o h o c s n r i a e g t a n t e l a d s O t e s i n k l a r n e h N , s f g i e c o n e p e r p e s f r i c o n e t n l o t p r o o o o i r s m i n E h r e a i w a e r e e c t u o w m i a t r t h e c e n h s r t g v n n e n G o t c o a t e g a t h t o s s o y r i o n i r s e s e b c l l , n t r r e r a i i s t o e e s e t h r I g o i a r , g i o p a l o a a d r r C i k d , g p d n b r l L l r w a r l v r a s o t e i e e i l e l n r l a n t t e c e c d p p n . a y l o l s o L t l e i s l e p e s r i e h i o o a m i b n l e t n e a e s c b l t t t o l r l c o i d s i c s i s n e i i e v E p i b l i e u o e w c c h n r a l b g h o d r n n p a e l i g a n u o r m u t o l o o e g c a u T n r n c e x f a o o a r n n p p r n c a s p s s s s s y o i t t a e a n a s e e e d i t e N n , t l b n k e S r e n h h P o v r s r i o e t e l a n s a r t t e I s o o h a P e d a o e e i r v d e l i t w h h L e l e u b d s t n . e o m t a t e p e t r e a o A o s h h e e n h l y . r t m e p s l h s g w t e s i t g k t p N h m t e e o i t u t e n s h n o o , n n t r b s e o a e l i i t u O e e u i b t h s r i p t r r n r t d t P w a c w o m h s c e a s a i S e l s r l u e a e t h h e o o . m e i d e m e e h g s t R t d T t r l o h u s b c v t h t l o s o d , T t a a t . d E i y t e . o e o e s o s o t g n c r n n o 2 z c e i r y s d e P t a t n e g o s a j f i e s n e d n t t n n h 1 e s o m e n i n R i f e , e h n o e a v e t e r a f t t o i c m p t t v a s e l s a c s i e g E e S n c p o o t s r n i t i i o e r r s c e r o c t e , e s e s t T o o A a s s s s c c t a r e l e c l v g s e b a i a i s r j r l N s l y , e a t t i t s s . o a e , d u l e n w a l s e n e e e s i c e s l n D r p g a i h l v e c I n h t o t e A n p r w e c o e a a n d n t i o e t T i o i e t l i r i t n l i e u p v , t e i o t r e a t o g h a s c s s o g c i . t p s u r l c m r y p b s c s i e s a e u p u i t l o o i e l e r a l t r a t u a t l l r m a s e l e i r r n r a a n p e e l t e n d l o e p g c p v h l s h l e i t i p t t a o g o n 8 r e b p e x n o t n n G C A S g o c a b s a r a a e I l i i r 5 4 . a C O o 7 O ' s a i ' o s O ) ) ) , u c a a r 7 c I a ) 1 U Q ) ; a 4 - a 7 1 t ) b 8 O Z C : L r 1 T - e p - , s , n h f n y e g n e d h n h e n - c e - e . h R i o l l l g o m h c h . n o h c l b h a v i l c a i a o c e t s l t u a . i i t a i t i c y a c a t t t O u e u s r i h e t h h i o h o r g o e h m c n i t t n d d ( g t b y y w s w e u p s n t c n n o r F o d i m i o r n n e s i d o t / a g o i v u i t e r i e n l e r y k r F s i h r i r h p s n n f a a l o f e h i n s t z n a e G a l f a p w d v a d n s u i c E r z a e r t e d S d r y w o l n a f m a e n , i m i e i n / a a a n s h g l s o n l r t d e E W i p s o e o , i a r p a T a y a d p o m a s e l l n e l a r l p t s . n t b h p l C a e n r l g c l i o e i h w N d e p o e a o t r s t l o w a d e i n r c e c d i n , p h n e l p m p N t d c o e o , l e v g e e h n E n s v n e o a r e t p u e f t l t i t g h r e t u t e e c a g f n E r o t e o t a e R D n b o e , c h i o s o t i s g t s e i h h h e h t l , n h h a h e a G u g l t f s r r l i m n h c d t U t t a l t h f p i t e G g o o a l o n n c e s s e t a m l n n e , t I a c e r g i l f m e a i e i e t g n T c n i l o L a u d r f r i e n t n l t , e t h l s , a g n e a i o o p a . a c h n q i n d s i i e S r h s e L g h W t r f i s l m g t e a t i e i w l c l l g , t . a t y i c t u n r a a s d t a f i s n E t n h n l G n n o e e s i d ( c o r e d o h o u i a a o i , t e r e j s i o t i T g n e u o r r h c l e g t s c b s e a p s N s u s g v l o o s r b d l e u l t e t i d u i e r p N e o o r e i l s g f s w l r e e t o c r y i s n l l I " e d a s f n u s c u f h o n l l a e o t a p e S n t p u / I n f w e t t n a p m i p f c , l i s f p n e a s i a , s v i t c t a o i A t s i a e E s d o e g l m e n a L y u e r g i i u t u ' r g r t o i n r h t r t e t e n i r i b o g L r n E t n s , c c e s d r e n u k o m n m h c i o ) e b c o i o i s f a n i n n n s t i P h i R o s v w t f f p a i i e c t h a u r e p i o f n f n i t b r t g i M e s h I a d i o h e e e , n h w e o t C g a a i b o p p n T r e c t t i d h a h m e b t m n s a i n f o i v e a i l r N m r a h t s t l t o r s T h t L m i p i v p o m r r u b l c s e a n e u e e x g e e o l t , o p i e f e h t h A I e r U s r r c s e p o d t t c e i p n f n r o o l a u c n t l r e n h t f e n x m h f f R e e i 4 C e h f i e M E . , n I y n e e c e h i e v t e c k n r t l o g p r m I d r e b g " n O e i . 1 r n t c e i e / o . t n f i t n s i p l y n t i o . r l l n m o h e e w n l f l r r l i s e G a a e o F e A l l e a c n l l e h e c t o n a a o f n i , g l e e f K g e e p e T a e d i n s f c c N o f t , s s d t o a . S l b f b l s r i n e n e i e o i i e s t p l l e s e e t b . n h t n o r a d g I E l t l i s b n d r n r f n c h m n n e o e e T S i t n e a o o e d n o s a e a , a t r l t I e w c l e p t e p a a r u n d f n a c i e n e U r c T d a . t m e t h c f x g s e d a n a v i H e n a , u g r e e s n n , , T s e I e l a t e d e o i l s s o . n t n e t r p e e s t c V d c a s m e e e t g s , a r e n c r o t i , n c g o o r r . r c e a F d w y l r o e n g e e a e i o e e c p o i I e s i e l u e r t i L l F n l i c c t v h e u h d f s T o a e v v i c . m m k l d a t n i m ) n c a v e r c u n s t a c l u o o k a m n s C a l i u t e - o e e u t e e f r r o f t s r m n e a n i C i T g d d o s s p p g o s c e e f a f s r f f A i i r : n , n s e - w g s . . s . . e : s e y n a s e l i l e A n n p o n e r e m c n a . c s i o i s c i N o o n V x a e t n n t e m u a n h i e p c l e r e . r t t u l h c e g n . c m l , a a a g a s a A m n d g e i s i c e P i e e l i . o c n l I i g i t l l r h r c w l l o l n C e . a d . i o e l , b s n d t m l g t e s e o n t f l r n s u e n d n s g t e n m e h a o n n s i g A P t n a i n h i x t n o a i p h e i d a n i e c l e l g g i r h l e o s & l n p l e a s p l g n e e n p i s l l A m a s e l p i e i l t n n i i i b Y t a l l t p n n t h v i . l k o i l b s l l u t t . u i r h e i r e c u s c . m l n n s t u o P a c m H b u l e c e D . s a m e i P u y e f c 7 n s o a p m e h l e m t m L n p t s I e l k o h o m t y P m T i h a 1 I i T l p o : , t g r e r n t e a t g k p a u s o A l , e o i l o . i e e u v g u o s s n w C o : ) l l f l d l b r s y e u 2 q a i p n m o e i l d t n i R g d e h W k l c 9 i : v i a b a u c l a t o A v h n n s i S i v l e 9 d l g f r h i e u G i s - u i a e o o D / o r W n l 1 t h n i d I c c h A M b u h c t l n a ( R c o y i b e u C O t m o d h w r n A a . s . r , n : u I r s P n t . a D d i e I s o u s ) o u k n d P d : o i . e I w T o 4 : e . e y L c t c H l o o n d g c c r L s h u o , h c 9 t n e o o I A n n a c n n e : g h g n s c w 9 t l I g h : I B c o e i B s , e n g i e i n g d 1 e n e n , r : n d l e g c s , i g i g c o n n A ( y h r n . r i t l W e n i n n I c i u w i a n a y i i i l k T i . l g s C a s e k m i l o B E t r C e l i k S e k a a i o - e i t g g h a s l : v S l S n t B l U , c t n , s d i e s M . l n d d k a e n r s z l o c U e i A i t k D n e l i . P n t e R v r D t i l n n : t s e s i r b a p i R n Y l g a i . f i e f I e I a t I m o & P t . ) d u u o n E i n l s c c & w l 1 e n N . , o : p P d S i ) d s i e n a L o o : 9 o s f h r l 5 i S r T A L l a e e l t l o y u h t 9 I , , e i r p g c 9 e l n e l h k . s g o I t a u s & h 1 s p B i n , C b 9 . e s : i r r g r i t e f w s n m A s v , ( u h i e i e l M p 1 l o e i k n t i r l u u n r , N , m t h l E l . m ( l Y e n C i . o l i e y G n u M b e o C p t d l t t i e . . p o a k e a m h e a n u i J t g . s L n f , w h t ) a u r B v l C S , b T k n , i P I n a 5 . a e , a F n T l S ) e r e r p I / A E e c i i a . n P 9 a 4 I h . a h t c : ) S , N l i m P . ) . h R . A s i 9 r m 3 9 p P s o e ) c ) ) 4 S a . . o e g 3 1 a 4 . 9 1 m o ) a 9 i s I . a W C 9 . ) p m f t 5 o s i B ( 8 s h 9 e 9 9 t 1 1 C l : 9 l a e o S A 9 n l u t L 9 y 9 c 1 . 9 e ( 9 & 1 n h c A o : , 9 o m a d k 1 1 h ( 1 I , 9 d Y & ( . C e n r : . 1 i e T n S ( ( t ( 1 o A L . M , , s t e . . N t ( C e . a a h B B / s , . . , ( o . g , N , I s n V . M H H i d . a . g , g J y w R R i c . S m . l , , i , l , l l D u n k n n r l o t l . y c u l , I , , n , a l R e o a o , e a , i r a o a , r s r t e o n n y a a l b e : o c e r e , t e e r s i m r b a L r h n e i a r t r t , h h n h n A Y T p t n a m S P e p r b d g s m s i I p t t t a d d m a e n m m g l a r g r r z r i l a a a h a a a e e a r a o H H G A G C C C B B C L F r 1 f e r r f f - g l - r t o e o n o o l v i i e n a l h r f h a e i r s i a y c b s r / h e n s r e a s t o u a e e d r e l i e y f a a h d i i d i n t t a c v r e s a i n w a r a e m l n o k e o a b v o r r u r y l f o o p s o t n s h r e d f l r w r i h a l t h e o e e e d i u w l k h t d p d n . n t o o d S t s a r a f p i a y s a s e o h e r o p E s t w o g t l e t n r e o n e f n e s C h d . y e e c l e s d r i y h e n r t g d n G n m u e N e t v t a n d o u e r i f a o p e l e a f N n a g l t s i c E o d o o l e s b d r h a . i e p l l s e d l i I G n e o t o b o m s l g d n r S o v e a n t t r i s n e r I h m e t i e e U o l g a s z n s i L h a d t h d r p t e i n r e I o t e t n t e n l s L e t i m s F a n d . e r e g I n h a h s s g o r s r r E l e o O r c e t . n p a r f d l g o s a r g e c a l a e e T i i o n e n y e b m e n e n t n e d l S n b l o l t i r t N i r r o u f i u n r a n n a a i e l T o e o n i f s M t e r i a e r v t I b b p o f s a o t i L a I s l l a i a d i e o p e s F E e t o s s h l e f l a c e v o l n d l t o e / r e f t E a L r a i g i t o u o n c f r t b t l s 6 y i n e o s f N p r s n P a e n n e o t y n o n r i s s 1 c n . a h u i h r o I s e e t E r s a f n l e h o e t t T a h g c e r r r c o r d s e c i t B e p e s a t n h o r e r a n L u g g t e l n e t i a T r p a e t o e t n h i n l h t o i r s U v l h p g h h i l o c e l a m c a e t i t o g r e t t i c r e p c a e M h d r t s t u s s s d e a n L o s n s e f t n e e e r e e f i e k i i s i t s g d l w c c s d t s r a a w w a n t i g r n i u u o i t i n . v v . e i n v n s i c o o e d a e d f e o i f o . y e e s o e g i l g l t m e e f m t l e s e g r s l l c e p r O d n A R A R p P t b e s i P a a b o s n i e i t t p d f n c o l A e w i e e r v n i d b o v o e u n n r o B t p k e s t

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