Cracking the AP English language & composition exam PDF
Preview Cracking the AP English language & composition exam
Editorial Rob Franek, VP Test Prep Books, Publisher Seamus Mullarkey, Associate Publisher Laura Braswell, Senior Editor Heather Brady, Editor Selena Coppock, Editor Random House Publishing Group Tom Russell, Publisher Nicole Benhabib, Publishing Manager Ellen L. Reed, Production Manager Alison Stoltzfus, Associate Managing Editor The Princeton Review, Inc. 111 Speen Street, Suite 550 Framingham, MA 01701 E-mail: [email protected] The Princeton Review is not affiliated with Princeton University. Copyright © 2011 by Princeton Review Publishing Cover design © 2011 Random House, Inc. Cover art © Andres Rodriguez/Alamy All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Random House, Inc., New York, and in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. “On Dumpster Diving” by Lars Eighner. From Travels with Lizbeth. Copyright © 1994. Reprinted by permission of Steven Saylor. “The Hairy Maid and the Harpsichord: Some Speculations on the Meaning of Gulliver’s Travels” by Dennis Todd. Copyright © 1992 by the University of Texas Press. Reprinted by permission of the University of Texas Press. Farewell to Manzanar by James D. Houston and Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston. Copyright © 1973 by James D. Houston. Reprinted by permission of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. The End of Education by Neil Postman. Copyright © 1995 by Neil Postman. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc. “Phenomenal Woman”, copyright © 1978 by Maya Angelou, from And Still I Rise by Maya Angelou. Used by permission of Random House, Inc. The Second Sex by Simone De Beauvoir, translated by H.R. Parshley, copyright 1952 and renewed 1980 by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc. “Romanticism and its Discontents” by Anita Brookner. Copyright © 2000. Used by permission of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, LLC. eISBN: 978-0-30794442-9 ISSN: 1558-9676 Editor: Anya Yurchyshyn Production Editor: Stephanie Tantum 2012 Edition v3.1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Even though there is only one author, a team of people contributed to the creation of this book. First of all, I want to thank Paul Tipton for his sage counsel and Kamilla Khaydarov and Rachel Newman, who wrote the student essays. Also, thanks go to my assistant, Kathryn Lee. Her cheerful manner and professional support proved invaluable; I could not have completed the text without her help. Thanks to Dawn Shepherd Wolfe and Jeff Soules, who updated and reviewed this book. I cannot fail to mention both my wife, Susana, and Laura, who for months on end allowed me to replace them with my computer screen and tolerated the very, very occasional bouts of bad humor that resulted from my sequestration. And finally I’d like to thank my colleague and friend Robb Cutler for suggesting that I take on this project; I have forgiven him. CONTENTS Cover Title Page Copyright Acknowledgments Introduction PART I: WELCOME TO THE EXAM 1 A Brief Introduction to the AP English Language and Composition Exam Why Do You Need This Book? A Bit of History You May Want to Know So Who Writes the AP English Exam–and What Does It Look Like? What Your Final Score Will Mean How to Register to Take the Exam (and Other Useful Information) How to Use This Book PART II: CRACKING THE SYSTEM: THE MULTIPLE-CHOICE SECTION 2 Cracking the Multiple-Choice Questions Relax! Sample Passage #1–Here’s How It’s Done Further Practice Explanations To Sum Up PART III: CRACKING THE SYSTEM: THE ESSAYS 3 Basic Principles of the Essay Section The Format and Content of the Essay Section The Importance of the Essay Section to Your Score Ready, Set, Write! All About AP Essay Scoring How to Make It Easy for the Reader to Give You a High Score For and Against the Five-Paragraph Essay Summary 4 The Rhetorical Analysis Essay Is This A Rhetorical Question? Sample Essay #1–Here’s How It’s Done Sample Essay #2–Giving It Another Try Key Terms 5 The Argumentative Essay First, A Word Sample Essay #1–Here’s How It’s Done Sample Essay #2–Giving It Another Try Most of All, Have Fun Key Terms 6 The Synthesis Essay Why Are They Doing This to Me? Sample Essay #1–Here’s How It’s Done Moving On… Key Terms PART IV: AP ENGLISH LANGUAGE 7 Words and Their Use The Good News and the Bad News About the AP English Language and Composition Exam Diction Rhetoric and Figurative Language Irony and Satire Key Terms 8 The Hit Parade—Words, Words, Words The Hit Parade PART V: AP ENGLISH COMPOSITION 9 Rhetorical Fallacies Avoiding the Fatal Fallacy Common Rhetorical Fallacies Sample Questions Key Terms 10 Basic Rhetorical Modes What Are Rhetorical Modes? Example or Illustration Classification Comparison and Contrast Analogy Moving On… Key Terms 11 Complex Rhetorical Modes Process Analysis Cause and Effect Definition Description Narration Induction and Deduction Key Terms PART VI: THE PRINCETON REVIEW AP ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION PRACTICE TESTS AND EXPLANATIONS 12 Practice Test 1 Section I Section II 13 Practice Test 1: Answers and Explanations 14 Practice Test 2 Section I Section II 15 Practice Test 2: Answers and Explanations Introduction WHAT IS THE PRINCETON REVIEW? The Princeton Review is an international test-preparation company with branches in all major U.S. cities and several cities abroad. In 1981, John Katzman started teaching an SAT prep course in his parents’ living room. Within five years, The Princeton Review had become the largest SAT prep program in the country. Our phenomenal success in improving students’ scores on standardized tests is due to a simple, innovative, and radically effective philosophy: Study the test, not just what the test claims to test. This approach has led to the development of techniques for taking standardized tests, techniques based on the principles the test writers themselves use to write the tests. The Princeton Review has found that its methods work not just for Cracking the SAT, but for any standardized test. We’ve already successfully applied our system to the GMAT, LSAT, MCAT, and GRE, to name just a few. Obviously you need to be well versed in language and grammar to do well on the AP English Language and Composition Exam, but you should remember that any standardized test is partly a measure of your ability to think like the people who write standardized tests. This book will help you to brush up on your AP English Language and Composition skills and to prepare for the exam using our time-tested principle: Crack the system based on how the test is created. We also offer books and online services that cover an enormous variety of education and career-related topics. If you’re interested, check out our website at PrincetonReview.com.
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