C# 2005 For Dummies PDF
Preview C# 2005 For Dummies
TEAM LinG 01_597043 ffirs.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page i C# 2005 FOR DUMmIES ‰ by Stephen Randy Davis and Chuck Sphar 01_597043 ffirs.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page ii C# 2005 For Dummies® Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2006 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permit- ted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Trademarks:Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. 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Library of Congress Control Number: 2005927620 ISBN-13: 978-0-7645-9704-6 ISBN-10: 0-7645-9704-3 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1B/RR/RQ/QV/IN 01_597043 ffirs.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page iii About the Authors Stephen R. Davis, who goes by the name of Randy, lives with his wife and son near Dallas, Texas. He and his family have written numerous books, including C++ For Dummiesand C++ Weekend Crash Course.Stephen works for L-3 Communications. Chuck Spharescaped Microsoft’s C++ documentation camps in 1997, after six years’ hard labor as a senior technical writer. He’s perpetrated two previous tomes, one on object-oriented programming for the Mac and one on Microsoft’s MFC class library. He’s currently finishing a novel about ancient Rome (againstrome.com) and gobbling mouthfuls of .NET programming. Chuck can be reached for praise and minor nits at [email protected]. 01_597043 ffirs.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page iv 01_597043 ffirs.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page v Dedication For Pam and the Moms — Chuck Sphar Acknowledgments I would like to thank Claudette Moore and Debbie McKenna, who brought the book to me. I also want to thank Randy Davis for being willing to hand over his baby to a guy he didn’t know. I’d have found that very hard, and I hope I’ve done justice in extending his excellent first edition. Many thanks are due as well to the fine folks at Wiley, starting with Acquisitions Editor Katie Feltman and Project Editor Kim Darosett. Kim’s astute shaping helped turn me into a For Dummiesauthor, no mean feat. I’d also like to thank Chris Bower for his sharp technical eye and excellent C# knowledge, John Edwards for much of the book’s consistency, and the art, media, and other production folks who turn my files into a real book. The most heartfelt thanks are due to Pam for constant encour- agement and much enabling. She’s my partner in all things. — Chuck Sphar 01_597043 ffirs.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page vi Publisher’s Acknowledgments We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our online registration form located at www.dummies.com/register/. Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following: Acquisitions, Editorial, and Composition Services MediaDevelopment Project Coordinator: Jennifer Theriot Project Editor:Kim Darosett Layout and Graphics: Carl Byers, Andrea Dahl, Acquisitions Editor:Katie Feltman Joyce Haughey, StephanieD. Jumper, Heather Ryan, Erin Zeltner Copy Editor:John Edwards Proofreaders: LeeannHarney, Technical Editor:Chris Bower Carl William Pierce, Dwight Ramsey, Editorial Manager:Leah Cameron TECHBOOKS Production Services Media Project Supervisor:Laura Moss Indexer: TECHBOOKS Production Services Media Development Specialists:Angie Denny, Travis Silvers, Kit Malone, Steve Kudirka Media Development Manager: LauraVanWinkle Media Development Supervisor: RichardGraves Editorial Assistant:Amanda Foxworth Cartoons:Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com) Publishing and Editorial for Technology Dummies Richard Swadley,Vice President and Executive Group Publisher Andy Cummings,Vice President and Publisher Mary Bednarek,Executive Acquisitions Director Mary C. Corder,Editorial Director Publishing for Consumer Dummies Diane Graves Steele,Vice President and Publisher Joyce Pepple,Acquisitions Director Composition Services Gerry Fahey,Vice President of Production Services Debbie Stailey,Director of Composition Services 02_597043 ftoc.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page vii Contents at a Glance Introduction ................................................................1 Part I: Creating Your First C# Programs ........................9 Chapter 1: Creating Your First C# Windows Program .................................................11 Chapter 2: Creating Your First C# Console Application .............................................29 Part II: Basic C# Programming ...................................37 Chapter 3: Living with Variability — Declaring Value-Type Variables ......................39 Chapter 4: Smooth Operators ........................................................................................57 Chapter 5: Controlling Program Flow ...........................................................................71 Part III: Object-Based Programming ...........................99 Chapter 6: Collecting Data — The Class and the Array ............................................101 Chapter 7: Putting on Some High-Class Functions ....................................................127 Chapter 8: Class Methods ............................................................................................163 Chapter 9: Stringing in the Key of C# ..........................................................................187 Part IV: Object-Oriented Programming ......................211 Chapter 10: Object-Oriented Programming — What’s It All About? .......................213 Chapter 11: Holding a Class Responsible ...................................................................221 Chapter 12: Inheritance — Is That All I Get? ..............................................................251 Chapter 13: Poly-what-ism? ..........................................................................................273 Part V: Beyond Basic Classes ...................................301 Chapter 14: When a Class Isn’t a Class — The Interface and the Structure ..........303 Chapter 15: Asking Your Pharmacist about Generics ...............................................333 Part VI: The Part of Tens ..........................................365 Chapter 16: The 10 Most Common Build Errors (And How to Fix Them) ..............367 Chapter 17: The 10 Most Significant Differences between C# and C++ ..................379 Appendix: About the CD ...........................................385 02_597043 ftoc.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page viii Bonus Chapters on the CD-ROM!.................................CD Bonus Chapter 1: Some Exceptional Exceptions ......................................................CD1 Bonus Chapter 2: Handling Files and Libraries in C# ............................................CD27 Bonus Chapter 3: Stepping through Collections ....................................................CD55 Bonus Chapter 4: Using the Visual Studio Interface ..............................................CD99 Bonus Chapter 5: C# on the Cheap ........................................................................CD139 Index.......................................................................391 End-User License Agreement........................Back of Book 02_597043 ftoc.qxd 9/20/05 1:05 PM Page ix Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................1 What’s New in C# 2.0 ......................................................................................2 About This Book ..............................................................................................3 What You Need to Use the Book ...................................................................3 How to Use This Book ....................................................................................4 How This Book Is Organized ..........................................................................4 Part I: Creating Your First C# Programs .............................................4 Part II: Basic C# Programming .............................................................4 Part III: Object-Based Programming ....................................................5 Part IV: Object-Oriented Programming ...............................................5 Part V: Beyond Basic Classes ...............................................................5 Part VI: The Part of Tens ......................................................................5 About the CD-ROM ................................................................................6 Icons Used in This Book .................................................................................6 Conventions Used in This Book ....................................................................7 Where to Go from Here ...................................................................................7 Part I: Creating Your First C# Programs .........................9 Chapter 1: Creating Your First C# Windows Program . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Getting a Handle on Computer Languages, C#, and .NET ........................11 What’s a program? ...............................................................................12 What’s C#? ............................................................................................12 What’s .NET? ........................................................................................13 What is Visual Studio 2005? What about Visual C#? .......................14 Creating a Windows Application with C# ...................................................15 Creating the template .........................................................................15 Building and running your first Windows Forms program ............18 Painting pretty pictures ......................................................................20 Make it do something, Daddy ............................................................25 Trying out the final product ...............................................................27 Visual Basic 6.0 programmers, beware! ............................................28 Chapter 2: Creating Your First C# Console Application . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Creating a Console Application Template ..................................................29 Creating the source program .............................................................30 Taking it out for a test drive ...............................................................31 Creating Your First Real Console App ........................................................32 Reviewing the Console Application Template ...........................................33 The program framework .....................................................................33 Comments ............................................................................................34 The meat of the program ....................................................................34
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