Biomedical Visualisation: Volume 13 – The Art, Philosophy and Science of Observation and Imaging PDF
Preview Biomedical Visualisation: Volume 13 – The Art, Philosophy and Science of Observation and Imaging
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 1392 Leonard Shapiro Paul M. Rea Editors Biomedical Visualisation Volume 13 – The Art, Philosophy and Science of Observation and Imaging Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Volume 1392 SeriesEditors WimE.Crusio,InstitutdeNeurosciencesCognitivesetIntégratives d’Aquitaine,CNRSandUniversityofBordeaux,PessacCedex,France HaidongDong,DepartmentsofUrologyandImmunology,MayoClinic, Rochester,MN,USA HeinfriedH.Radeke,InstituteofPharmacology&Toxicology,Clinicofthe GoetheUniversityFrankfurtMain,FrankfurtamMain,Hessen,Germany NimaRezaei,ResearchCenterforImmunodeficiencies,Children’sMedical Center,TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran OrtrudSteinlein,InstituteofHumanGenetics,LMUUniversityHospital, Munich,Germany JunjieXiao,CardiacRegenerationandAgeingLab,Instituteof CardiovascularSciences,SchoolofLifeScience,ShanghaiUniversity, Shanghai,China Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology provides a platform for scientific contributions in the main disciplines of the biomedicine and the life sciences. This series publishes thematic volumes on contemporary researchintheareasofmicrobiology,immunology,neurosciences,biochem- istry, biomedical engineering, genetics, physiology, and cancer research. Covering emerging topics and techniques in basic and clinical science, it bringstogethercliniciansandresearchersfromvariousfields. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology has been publishing exceptionalworksinthefieldforover40years,andisindexedinSCOPUS, Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, BIOSIS, Reaxys, EMBiology, the Chemical AbstractsService(CAS),andPathwayStudio. 2021ImpactFactor:3.650(nolongerindexedinSCIEasof2022) (cid:129) Leonard Shapiro Paul M. Rea Editors Biomedical Visualisation – Volume 13 The Art, Philosophy and Science of Observation and Imaging Editors LeonardShapiro PaulM.Rea DepartmentofHumanBiology SchoolofMedicine,Dentistry UniversityofCapeTown andNursing CapeTown,SouthAfrica UniversityofGlasgow Glasgow,UK ISSN0065-2598 ISSN2214-8019 (electronic) AdvancesinExperimentalMedicineandBiology ISBN978-3-031-13020-5 ISBN978-3-031-13021-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13021-2 #TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature SwitzerlandAG2023 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinany otherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation, computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthors,andtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationin thisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material containedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremains neutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface This book brings together perspectives by authors from medical and philo- sophicaldisciplines,astheyexplorebothhistoricalandcontemporarytheory and practice in medical imaging technologies. We begin with a chapter reviewing the history of confusion around visualisation, observation, and theory, outlining the implications for medical imaging. We follow with chapterson the practical application ofvisualisation andobservation includ- ing emerging imaging techniques in anatomy for teaching, research, and clinical practice, innovation in the mapping of orthopaedic fractures for optimalorthopaedicsurgicalguidance,placentalmorphologyandmorphom- etryasaprerequisiteforfuturepathologicalinvestigations,andvisualisingthe dural venous sinuses using volume tracing. We present chapters on the benefits of the age-old yet still highly relevant practice of drawing for improved observation in medical education and surgical planning. An in-depth look at police identikit construction from memory by eyewitnesses tocrimesoutlineshowanindividual’smemoryofasuspect’sfacialfeaturesis renderedvisibleasacompositeimage. This book offers anatomy educators and clinicians an overview of the history and philosophy of medical observation and imaging, as well as an overview of contemporary imaging technologies for anatomy education and clinical practice. In addition, we offer anatomy educators and clinicians a detaileddescriptionofdrawingpracticesfortheimprovementofobservation inanatomyeducation.Forensicpsychologists,criminallawpractitioners,and law enforcement personnel will benefit not only from a chapter dedicated to the construction of facial composites but also from chapters on drawing and observation. My gratitude to Paul Rea for his trust and generosity in giving me the opportunity to bring together theauthors for this volume. In doing so, I was abletoextendinvitationsforchaptercontributionstomanyofmycolleagues at a number of universities in my country, South Africa, and to colleagues abroad. Once all of the chapters had come in, I experienced excitement and surprise at noticing the unpredicted relationships and threads of content that extendedthoughmanyofthechaptersandcreatedlinkagesbetweenthem. It is my hope that as the authors discover these threads and links, they explorethepossibilityofcollaborationandresearchwithoneanother.Tothe readers, I hope that you will appreciate and enjoy reading the chapters that havefoundtheirwayintothisbookandthattheywillstimulatefreshideasin v vi Preface you!Inthis,wehavetheauthorsofthisbooktothankfortheirdedicationin puttingtheirthoughtsandresearchintowordssothatwecanshareinthem. MythanksandappreciationtoInaStoeckandBibhutiSharmaofSpringer Nature for their expertise and support throughout the months of work that wentintopreparingthisbookforpublication.Theymadeitapleasure! CapeTown,SouthAfrica LeonardShapiro Contents PartI TheHistoryandPhilosophyofMedicalImaging 1 Re:ViewingObservation.ThePhilosophyofMedical Imaging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 NeilHorneandPaulSiemers PartII InnovationinImagingTechnologies 2 EmergingImagingTechniquesinAnatomy:ForTeaching, ResearchandClinicalPractice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19 ShavanaGovender,JessicaYvonneCronjé,NatalieKeough, AbrahamJohannesOberholster,Albert-NeelsvanSchoor, EdwinJohndeJager,andJadeNaicker 3 MappingofOrthopaedicFracturesforOptimalSurgical Guidance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43 RoopamDey 4 VisualisingtheDuralVenousSinusesUsingVolumeTracing, aNovelApproach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61 FrancescaduToitandGrahamLouw 5 PlacentalMorphologyandMorphometry:IsItaPrerequisite forFuturePathologicalInvestigations?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 NaliniGovender,LelikaLazarus,TashlenAbel, andThajasvarieNaicker PartIII Art-basedPracticeandBodyScience 6 Drawing:ADialogueacrossDisciplines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 JennyWrightandNeilShah 7 VisualizingtheHumanBodyUsinganArtisticApproach. . .. 129 ElisaCrossing,LillianSmyth,KrisztinaValter,andAlexandra Webb 8 ConstructionofFacialCompositesfromEyewitness Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 149 ColinGettyTredoux,CharlieFrowd,AnneliesVredeveldt, andKyraScott vii Editors and Contributors About the Editors Leonard Shapiro Leonard is an artist working in the field of anatomy educationwith theDepartment ofHuman Biology attheUniversityof Cape Town, South Africa. He has developed a novel, multi-sensory observation methodthatspecificallyemploysthesenseoftouch(haptics)coupledwiththe simultaneous act of drawing. It is called the Haptico-visual observation and drawing(HVOD)method. Inanatomyeducation,thebenefitsofobservingusingtheHVODmethod include the enhanced observation of the three-dimensional (3D) form of different anatomical parts of the human body, the memorisation of these partsasa3D‘mentalpicture’,improved3Dspatialawareness,andanability todraw.HVODistaughtingroupworkshopsonlineorinphysicalclassroom settingsandisofferedtomedicalstudentsandclinicians.Leonardhastaught theHVODmethodattheUniversityofCapeTown(SouthAfrica),Newcastle University(England),TheUniversityofBritishColumbia(Canada),Carnegie Mellon University (USA), University College Cork (Ireland), Weill Cornell MedicalCollege(USA),TheGordonMuseumofPathologyatKing’sCollege London (England), University of Texas Southwestern Medical School (USA). Leonard contributes to the anatomy education discourse via publicationsandarticles,asaninvitedspeakerandbypresentingatanatomy conferences. Leonard Shapiro, BSocSc, BA Fine Art (Hons), University of CapeTown. Paul M. Rea Paul isProfessor ofDigital and Anatomical Education atthe UniversityofGlasgow.HeisDirectorofInnovation,EngagementandEnter- prisewithintheSchoolofMedicine,DentistryandNursing.HeisalsoSenate AssessorforStudentConductandCouncilMemberonSenateandcoordinates theday-to-dayrunningoftheBodyDonorProgramandisaLicensedTeacher ofAnatomy,licensedbytheScottishParliament. Heisqualifiedwithamedicaldegree(MBChB),anMSc(byresearch)in craniofacialanatomy/surgery,aPhDinneuroscience,theDiplomainForensic MedicalScience(DipFMS),andanMEdwithMerit(LearningandTeaching inHigherEducation).HeisaseniorfellowoftheHigherEducationAcademy, ix x EditorsandContributors a Fellow of the Institute of Medical Illustrators (FIMI), and a registered medicalillustratorwiththeAcademyforHealthcareScience. Paul has published widely and presented at many national and interna- tional meetings, including invited talks. He has been the lead editor for Biomedical Visualisation over 12 published volumes and is the founding editor for this book series. This has resulted in almost 85,000 downloads across these volumes, with contributions from over 450 different authors, acrossapproximately100institutionsfrom19countriesacrosstheglobe.He sitsontheExecutiveEditorialCommitteefortheJournalofVisualCommu- nication in Medicine, is Associate Editor for the European Journal of Anat- omy,andhasreviewedfor25differentjournals/publishers. HeisthePublicEngagementandOutreachleadforanatomycoordinating collaborative projects with the Glasgow Science Centre, NHS, and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow. Paul is also a STEM ambassadorandhasvisitednumerousschoolstoundertakeoutreachwork. His research involves a long-standing strategic partnership with the School of Simulation and Visualisation of the Glasgow School of Art. This has led to multi-million-pound investment in creating world-leading 3D digital datasets to be used in undergraduate and postgraduate teaching to enhance learning and assessment. This successful collaboration resulted in the creation of the world’s first taught MSc in Medical Visualisation and Human Anatomy combininganatomy anddigital technologies. The Institute ofMedicalIllustratorsalsoaccreditsit.Ithascreatedcollege-wide,industry, multi-institutional,andNHSresearchlinkedprojectsforstudents. Contributors Tashlen Abel Women’s Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences,Durban,SouthAfrica Jessica Yvonne Cronjé Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences,UniversityofPretoria,Pretoria,SouthAfrica ElisaCrossing SchoolofArt&Design,CollegeofArtsandSocialSciences, AustralianNationalUniversity,Canberra,ACT,Australia Roopam Dey Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology,UniversityofCapeTown,CapeTown,SouthAfrica Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences,UniversityofCapeTown,CapeTown,SouthAfrica CharlieFrowd SchoolofPsychologyandComputerScience,Universityof CentralLancashire,Preston,England Shavana Govender Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UniversityofPretoria,Pretoria,SouthAfrica NaliniGovender DepartmentofBasicMedicalSciences,FacultyofHealth Sciences,DurbanUniversityofTechnology,Durban,SouthAfrica
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