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Ant encounters: interaction networks and colony behavior interaction networks and colony behavior PDF

182 Pages·2010·1.099 MB·English
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ant EncountErs PrimErs in comPlEx systEms aNt ENCouNtErs Interaction Networks and Colony Behavior Deborah M. Gordon princeton university press Princeton & Oxford Copyright © 2010 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gordon, Deborah (Deborah M.) Ant encounters : interaction networks and colony behavior / Deborah M. Gordon. p. cm. -- (Primers in complex systems) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-13879-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Ants--Behavior. 2. Insect societies. I. Title. II. Series: Primers in complex systems. QL568.F7G635 2010 595.79’61782--dc22 2009031028 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Adobe Garamond Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ press.princeton.edu Printed in the United States of America 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 I saw them hurrying from either side and each shade kissed another, without pausing, Each by the briefest society satisfied. (Ants in their dark ranks, meet exactly so, rubbing each other’s noses, to ask perhaps What luck they’ve had, or which way they should go.) —Dante, Purgatorio, Canto XXVI This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Illustrations ix Preface xi 1. The Ant Colony as a Complex System 1 2. Colony Organization 14 the Diversity of Ant Behavior 14 From Individual to Collective Behavior 19 Division of Labor 25 Ants switch tasks 30 Age Polyethism 33 What Ants Respond to 37 task Allocation 41 3. Interaction Networks 45 What Happens at network nodes 47 the Pattern of Interaction Is the Message 49 Rate and Memory 57 Individual Variation 63 species Differences 67 viii contents 4. Colony Size 75 colony Growth 75 task allocation and colony size 83 Ecology, Behavior, and mature colony size 90 5. Relations with Neighbors 96 relations with neighbors of the same species 97 interactions between species 107 invasive species 112 From Ecology to Behavior 117 6. Ant Evolution 121 coevolution of ants and Plants 121 Evolution of colony organization 125 natural selection in action 131 7. Modeling Ant Behavior 141 Notes 147 Index 165 list oF illustrations Figure 3.1. Fire ants interact more around food 70 Figure 4.1. Colony growth in harvester ants 77 Figure 5.1. The interactions of three young harvester ant colonies 101

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