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Web design PDF

209 Pages·2012·34.851 MB·English
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Web Design Second Edition • Easy to follow • Step-by-step tasks • In full colour in Simple Joe Kraynak steps and James A. Brannan Web Design Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow CM20 2JE Tel: +44 (0)1279 623623 Fax: +44 (0)1279 431059 Website: www.pearson.com/uk First edition published in 2010 Second edition published in Great Britain in 2012 © Joe Kraynak and James A. Brannan 2010, 2012 The rights of Joe Kraynak and James A. Brannan to be identified as authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Pearson Education is not responsible for the content of third-party internet sites. ISBN: 978-0-273-77472-3 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. This book may not be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published, without the prior consent of the Publishers. All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. The use of any trademark in this text does not vest in the author or publisher any trademark ownership rights in such trademarks, nor does the use of such trademarks imply any affiliation with or endorsement of this book by such owners. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 16 15 14 13 12 Typeset in 11/14 pt ITC Stone Sans by 3 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Scotprint Ltd, Haddington Simple in steps Web Design Simple Second Edition in Joe Kraynak and steps James A. Brannan Use your computer with confi dence Get to grips with pratical computing tasks with minimal time, fuss and bother. In Simple Steps guides guarantee immediate results. They tell you everything you need to know on a specifi c application; from the most essential task to master, to every activity you’ll want to accomplish, through to solving the most common problems you’ll encounter. Helpful features: To build your confi dence and help you get the most out of your computer, practical hints, tips and shortcuts feature on every page: AAALLLEEERRRTTT::: Explains and provides HHHOOOTTT TTTIIIPPP::: Time and effort pprraaccttiiccaall ssoolluuttiioonnss ttoo tthhee mmoosstt ssaavviinngg sshhoorrttccuuttss commonly encountered problems SEE ALSO: Points you DDDIIIDDD YYYOOOUUU KKKNNNOOOWWW??? to other related tasks and AAAddddddiiitttiiiooonnnaaalll fffeeeaaatttuuurrreeesss tttooo eeexxxppplllooorrreee information WHAT DOES THIS MEAN? Jargon and technical terms explained in plain English Practical. Simple. Fast. Simple in steps Use your computer with confi dence Dedication: For Lee Borup and Weber State University’s Veterans Upward Bound (VUB) Project. A Get to grips with pratical computing tasks with minimal time, fuss and bother. chance encounter opened an entirely new world. Had we never met, I would never have acquired an education or written this book. In Simple Steps guides guarantee immediate results. They tell you everything you need to know on a specifi c application; from the most essential task to master, to every Author acknowledgements: activity you’ll want to accomplish, through to solving the most common problems you’ll encounter. Thanks to the staff at Pearson, especially Rob Cottee and Steve Temblett. Also thanks to Neil Salkind. Thanks to the many sites that graciously allowed me to use screenshots from their sites. Special thanks to Everaldo and his open source Crystal Project icons, Helpful features: www.everaldo.com; these icons are beautiful and make my books much nicer. To build your confi dence and help you get the most out of your computer, practical Publisher’s acknowledgements: hints, tips and shortcuts feature on every page: We are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce copyright material: Screenshots on pp.2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 17, 23, 27, 29, 31, 34, 35, 36, 37, 45, 46, 49, 53, 55, 56, 59, 64, 65, 66, 76, 81, 86, 87, 88, 91, 93, 94, 98, 99, 100, 101, 105, 108, 118, 119, 120, 124, 125, 145, ALERT: Explains and provides HOT TIP: Time and effort 146, 150, 157, 158, 162, 164, 165, 167, 192, 194 courtesy of James A. Brannan Associates PLLC; practical solutions to the most saving shortcuts screenshots on pp.3, 15, 41, 77, 176 from FreeCSStemplates.org; screenshots on pp.6, 8, 15, 43, commonly encountered problems 52, 80, 184 from Directgov © Crown copyright; screenshots on pp.11, 162, 168, 172, 173, 185, 187 courtesy of Google, Inc; screenshots on pp.15, 137 from Flickr, reproduced with permission of Yahoo! Inc © 2012 Yahoo! Inc. YAHOO!, the YAHOO! Logo, FLICKR and the FLICKR logo are registered trademarks of Yahoo! Inc; screenshot on p.18 from Oxfam International, reproduced SEE ALSO: Points you DID YOU KNOW? with permission of Oxfam GB, www.oxfam.org.uk. Oxfam GB does not necessarily endorse any to other related tasks and Additional features to explore text or activities that accompany the materials; screenshots on pp.26, 54, 78 from Animenation; information screenshots on p.40 from the Food Standards Agency; screenshot on p.48 from www.cultuer. gov.uk, Department for Culture, Media and Sport (dcms) © Crown Copyright; screenshot on p.51 from NHSDirectWales © Crown copyright; screenshot on p.60 from British Sky Broadcasting Limited; screenshot on p.60 courtesy of JavaWorld; screenshot on p.60 courtesy of Studio B Productions Inc.; screenshots on p.73 © WWF-UK; screenshots on p.79 from the Campaign WHAT DOES THIS MEAN? Against Euro-Federalism; screenshots on p.80 from The Department of Health © Crown copyright; screenshot on p.83 from SurvivalInternational.org; screenshots on pp.95, 96, 139, 141, 142, 178, Jargon and technical terms explained in plain English 182, 192 from Adobe Systems, Inc; screenshot on p.110 courtesy of Xara Group Ltd.; screenshot on p.136 from iStockphoto, Getty Images; screenshots on pp.171, 186 from SeoQuake, courtesy of SeoQuake Team and SEMrush.com; screenshot on p. 83 design an coding by Nomensa, content by Broads Authority; screenshot on p.84 from MadebySplendid.com; screenshots on Practical. Simple. Fast. pp.163, 189 from FinkShrink.com; screenshots on pp.193, 194 from Bluehost. In some instances we have been unable to trace the owners of copyright material, and we would appreciate any information that would enable us to do so. in Simple in Simple steps steps Contents at a glance ● Make pages printable 75 Top 10 Web Design Tips ● Emphasise what is important 78 1 Planning your website ● Prominently display your purpose, or have a tagline 79 ● Determine your site’s purpose 17 5 Using web colour ● Identify your target audience 19 effectively ● Identify a service you can offer users 24 ● Understand colour theory essentials 93 ● Create a use case diagram 31 ● Use your colour palette consistently 2 Website architecture across pages 98 ● Choose colours to match your ● Follow the three-click rule 39 site’s mood 99 ● Use sequential navigation when ● Accept that colour choices may appropriate 41 not appear as you wish 100 ● Always create a site map or site index 51 6 Texture ● Create a website framework, ● Add texture with a repeating complete with blank pages 55 pattern 105 3 Writing your text ● Add texture with a non-repeating image 106 ● Ensure your site contains quality ● Use drop-shadows to add depth 109 content 60 ● Use opacity/transparency for an ● Chunk your information into interesting visual effect 112 bite-size pieces 61 ● Write descriptive headings and 7 Web typography subheadings 64 ● Specify the desired font 116 ● Ensure meaning is intuitive on important items 70 ● Increase line height to make text legible 120 4 Webpage layout and ● Left align text and headings in composition most situations 121 ● Add sufficient padding around ● Place important information above boxed text 127 the fold line 73 ● Include audio on your webpages 154 8 Images ● Avoid Flash splash screens 158 ● Choose the right file format: JPEG, PNG, SVG or GIF 131 10 Testing your website ● Consider using a logo for brand identity 133 ● Troubleshoot appearance issues 161 ● Use only relevant images 135 ● Test using more than one browser 163 ● Edit a photo before using it on a ● Test your site’s usability 164 webpage 141 ● Evaluate your site’s effectiveness in achieving its goals 167 9 Using multimedia ● Test your site’s speed 168 effectively Top 10 Web Design ● Leverage the power of YouTube 149 Problems Solved ● Consider podcasting to deliver your multimedia 152 Contents Top 10 Web Design Tips 1 Use a content management system (CMS) 2 2 Provide a service 3 3 Do not get too clever 4 4 Usability is paramount 6 5 The Web is an easily changeable medium 7 6 Make text more accessible with plenty of headings, subheadings and lists 8 7 Check your work 9 8 Be consistent 10 9 Leverage the power of free online web developer tools 11 10 Remember, web design is supposed to be fun 12 1 Planning your website ● Review several sites’ services and self-interested goals 15 ● Determine your site’s purpose 17 ● Narrow your purpose to one goal 18 ● Identify your target audience 19 ● Have a call to action 21 ● Understand your constraints 23 ● Identify a service you can offer users 24 ● Make sure your ecommerce site offers a service 25 ● When offering a service, make it relevant and valuable 27 ● Gather requirements, even if you don’t think there are any 29 ● Create a use case diagram 31

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