YSEC Yearbook of Socio-Economic Constitutions 2021: Triangulating Freedom of Speech

266 Pages·3.707 MB·English

by  Steffen Hindelang, Andreas Moberg

Steffen Hindelang
Andreas Moberg   Editors
YSEC Yearbook
of Socio-Economic
Constitutions
2021
Triangulating Freedom of Speech
YSEC Yearbook of Socio-Economic
Constitutions
Volume 2021
SeriesEditors
SteffenHindelang,UppsalaUniversity,Uppsala,Sweden
AndreasMoberg,UniversityofGothenburg,Gothenburg,Sweden
AdvisoryEditors
JohannaEngström,Sävedalen,Sweden
SzilárdGáspár-Szilágyi,Birmingham,UK
EduardoGill-Pedro,Lund,Sweden
TeomanM.Hagemeyer-Witzleb,Berlin,Germany
MartinJohansson,Brussels,Belgium
StefanKorte,Chemnitz,Germany
JensHillebrandPohl,Maastricht,TheNetherlands
EvaStorskrubb,Uppsala,Sweden
SuzanaTavaresdaSilva,Coimbra,Portugal
GeorgesVallindas,Luxembourg,Luxembourg
PaoloVargiu,Leicester,UK
The broad theme of the series revolves around the constitutional frameworks for
economic activities and their interaction with the social sphere. It is this very
interaction this Yearbook strives to focus on. At the same time, it is this focus
which distinguishes it from other formats in the field. The reference to “constitu-
tions” mirrors the Yearbook’s ambition to contribute to a better understanding of
those legal rules which provide the very foundations for our economic and social
well-being within a community governed by a constitution, irrespective of
whether on the local, national, regional, or global level. The Yearbook aims to,
first and foremost, provide a forum for doctrinal legal treatment of the questions
that various socio-economic constitutions are faced with in today’s globalized
context, while at the same time remain open to neighbouring disciplines to the
extent that they inform the doctrinal treatment. For further information please visit
https://www.ysec-yearbook.eu/.
(cid:129)
Steffen Hindelang Andreas Moberg
Editors
YSEC Yearbook of Socio-
Economic Constitutions 2021
Triangulating Freedom of Speech
Editors
SteffenHindelang AndreasMoberg
UppsalaUniversity UniversityofGothenburg
Uppsala,Sweden Gothenburg,Sweden
ISSN2662-7124 ISSN2662-7132 (electronic)
YSECYearbookofSocio-EconomicConstitutions
ISBN978-3-031-08513-0 ISBN978-3-031-08514-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08514-7
©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSwitzerland
AG2022
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Preface
ThebookisthesecondvolumeoftheYearbookonSocio-EconomicConstitutions.
The series was launched with the ambition initiate, inspire and distribute research
thathighlightandanalyselegalquestionsthatarisewhenruleswithinconstitutional
frameworks for economic activities on local, national, regional and global levels
interactwiththesocialsphere.
Each volume of the yearbook covers a specific theme, chosen by the editors in
closecooperationwiththeeditorialboard.Thecurrentissueaddressesconstitutional
legal challenges tothe freedomof speech associated with thetechnology shifts we
keepexperiencingintoday’snetworkedworld.Thecontributorsansweredanopen
call, and the most suitable selections were chosen by the editors and the editorial
board. The series also includes contributions on more general questions within the
generalfieldofsocio-economicconstitutionallaw,aswellasbookreviewsofrecent
publicationsinthefield.
In our work to achieve and maintain the highest standards possible of the
research published in the series, we are very grateful to be assisted by a large
number of esteemed colleagues. It is a well-known fact, sometimes not suffi-
ciently acknowledged, that the publication of high-quality research is a collective
process which would be impossible to conclude without the help of the research
community. When ensuring the quality of the contributions to this volume, the
editors have relied on the skill and expertise of a number of peer reviewers. We
v
vi Preface
are very grateful for the work put in by (in alphabetical order) Dr. Helene
Andersson, Prof. Javier Barnés, Dr. Vladimir Bastidas, Dr. Graham Butler, Dr.
Adam Cygan, Prof. Diogo Feyo, Prof. Eduardo Gamero Casado, Dr Letizia lo
Giacco, Prof. Xavier Groussot, Max Hjärtström, Prof. Anna Jonsson-Cornell,
Prof. Anna-Sara Lind, Prof. Dr. Jörn Lüdemann, Prof Jónatas Machado, Dr.
Radu Mares, Prof. Gregor Noll, Dr. Julian Nowag, Prof. Katrin Nyman-Metcalf,
Dr. Juan-Pablo Pérez-León-Acevedo, Dr. Kristoffer Schollin, Prof. Mårten
Schultz, Prof. Dr. Stephanie Schiedermair and Prof. Dr. Dominik Steiger.
Thank you!
Uppsala,Sweden SteffenHindelang
Gothenburg,Sweden AndreasMoberg
Contents
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
SteffenHindelangandAndreasMoberg
PartI ConstitutionalChallengesProtectingtheFreedomofSpeech
AftertheTechnologyShift
TheImpactoftheNewMediatorsoftheDigitalAgeonFreedom
ofSpeech. . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . 7
FranciscoBalaguerCallejón
TheFreedomtoConductaBusinessasaCounterargumenttoLimit
PlatformUsers’FreedomofExpression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
BerdienB.E.vanderDonk
InternetPlatformsandFreedomofExpression
inConstitution-Making. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
KáriHólmarRagnarsson
PartII RegulatingFreedomofSpeechAftertheTechnologyShift
LettheRobotSpeak!AI-GeneratedSpeechandFreedom
ofExpression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
KatjadeVries
PrivateLife,FreedomofExpressionandtheRoleofTransnational
DigitalPlatforms:AEuropeanPerspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
StenSchaumburg-Müller
TheFreedomofspeechintheDigitalEra:Leveraging
ItsConstitutionalandSocialRamifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
AnnaAuroraWennäkoski
vii
viii Contents
WhoWatchestheWatchmen?SocialMediaandElection
Securitisation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
DmitryKurnosov
PartIII IndirectRegulationfortheProtectionoftheFreedom
ofSpeech
TheMarketplaceofIdeasandEUCompetitionLaw:CanAntitrust
BeUsedtoProtecttheFreedomofSpeech?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
JanPolański
BuildingSurveillanceStateinaDigitalAgeandWhatExportControl
Can(Not)DoAboutIt?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
OndřejSvoboda
PartIV BookReviews
AnilYilmazVastardis,TheNationalityofCorporateInvestorsUnder
InternationalInvestmentLaw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
SteliosAndreadakis
NicolásM.Perrone,InvestmentTreatiesandtheLegalImagination:
HowForeignInvestorsPlaybyTheirOwnRules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
FiammettaBorgia
Introduction
SteffenHindelangandAndreasMoberg
Contents
1 ConstitutionalChallengesProtectingtheFreedomofSpeechAftertheTechnology
Shift............................................................................................. 2
2 RegulatingFreedomofSpeechAftertheTechnologyShift.................................. 3
3 IndirectRegulationfortheProtectionoftheFreedomofSpeech............................ 4
Intoday’snetworkedworld,technologyshiftshappenfasterthanmostpeopleeven
realize.Someoftheseshiftshavemadeusallpotentiallypowerful:mediapowerful.
WeusedtositinsilenceinfrontofnewspapersandTVscreensandtheworldwas
explainedtous bythefew “who always knew what was right andwrong.”Today,
thanks to the Internet, social media, and Web 2.0, we can not only share our own
thoughtswitheveryoneinamoreself-determinedway,butwecanalsotakepartin
public debate and even co-organize it ourselves. Of course, the Internet is not the
counter-drafttothecommunication(power)structuresofthepast.Gainsincommu-
nicative self-determination are threatened due to algorithmization, platformization,
andvalueextractionfromself-createdprivatemarketsindatacapitalism.However,
thereisarguablymorepotentialforself-determinationinthetechnologyrelatingto
the Internet, social media, and Web 2.0 when it comes to mass communication by
individualsthantherehaseverbeenbeforewith“oldmedia.”
Theempowermentoftheindividualchallengestheold“grandspeakers”whoare
suddenly detecting “fake news,” echo chambers, and filter bubbles everywhere on
the Internet. Internet-based communication allegedly hinders us from the “one
truth”;asifnewspaperhoaxes,propaganda,andnarrow-mindednesswereaninven-
tion of the Internet. The current heated debate about “fake news,” copyright, and
“upload filters” shows that we are unsure of how to deal with the newer and more
S.Hindelang(*)
UppsalaUniversity,Uppsala,Sweden
e-mail:[email protected]
A.Moberg
UniversityofGothenburg,Gothenburg,Sweden
e-mail:[email protected]
©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022 1
S.Hindelang,A.Moberg(eds.),YSECYearbookofSocio-EconomicConstitutions
2021,YSECYearbookofSocio-EconomicConstitutions(2022)2021:1–4,
https://doi.org/10.1007/16495_2022_43,Publishedonline:27May2022