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Youth Safety on a Living Internet PDF

148 Pages·2010·1.62 MB·English
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Preview Youth Safety on a Living Internet

Youth SafetY on a Living internet: report of the onLine SafetY and technoLogY Working group June 4, 2010 to: the honorable Lawrence e. Strickling Assistant Secretary of Commerce the honorable John d. rockefeller iv, Chairman Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation the honorable kathryn ann Bailey hutchison, Ranking Member Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation the honorable John f. kerry, Chairman Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, and the Internet the honorable John ensign, Ranking Member Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Communications, Technology and the Internet the honorable henry Waxman, Chairman House Committee on Energy and Commerce the honorable Joe Barton, Ranking Member House Committee on Energy and Commerce the honorable rick Boucher, Chairman House Commerce Subcommittee on Communications, Technology and the Internet the honorable cliff Stearns, Ranking Member House Commerce Subcommittee on Communications, Technology and the Internet from: hemanshu nigam, Co-Chair Online Safety and Technology Working Group anne collier, Co-Chair Online Safety and Technology Working Group date: June 4, 2010 On behalf of the Online Safety and Technology Working Group (OSTWG), we are pleased to transmit this report to you. As mandated, we reviewed and evaluated: 1. The status of industry efforts to promote online safety through educational efforts, parental control technology, blocking and fltering software, age-appropriate labels for content or other technologies or initiatives designed to promote a safe online environment for children; 2. The status of industry efforts to promote online safety among providers of electronic communications services and remote computing services by reporting apparent child pornography, including any obstacles to such reporting; 3. The practices of electronic communications service providers and remote computing service providers related to record retention in connection with crimes against children; and 4. The development of technologies to help parents shield their children from inappropriate material on the Internet. The report contains recommendations in each of the above categories, as well some general recommendations. We believe these recommendations will further advance our collective goal to provide a safer online experience to our children. We would like to personally thank the support of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) and its staff during this process. Their assistance throughout the past year was invaluable in allowing us to execute on our mandate. We would also like to recognize the leadership of our subcommittee chairs, Christopher Bubb, Larry Magid, Michael McKeehan, and Adam Thierer – each worked diligently to bring much consensus into the fnal report. We also want to thank the OSTWG members for the tremendous effort they put into their work all the while doing it in a most collaborative fashion. And fnally, we would like to recognize the insight offered by representatives from the White House, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Education, the Department of Justice, the Federal Communications Commission, and the Federal Trade Commission. As co-chairs we have been honored to have led the OSWTG on this journey, and we all look forward to working with you in bringing these recommendations to life – our nation’s youth deserve no less. //// the onLine SafetY and technoLogY Working group co-chairS anne collier Co-Director ConnectSafely.org President Net Family News, Inc. hemanshu nigam Founder SSP Blue Formerly Chief Security Offcer News Corporation MeMBerS parry aftab, esq. Founder and Executive Director WiredSafety.org elizabeth Banker Vice President and General Counsel Yahoo! Inc. christopher Bubb Assistant General Counsel, Public Safety and Criminal Investigations AOL Braden cox Policy Counsel NetChoice Coalition caroline curtin Policy Counsel, Federal Affairs Microsoft Brian cute Vice President, Discovery Services Aflias Jeremy S. geigle President Arizona Family Council Marsali hancock President Internet Keep Safe Coalition Michael kaiser Executive Director National Cyber Security Alliance Online Safety and Technology Working Group v christopher M. kelly Formerly Chief Privacy Offcer and Head of Global Policy Facebook Brian knapp Chief Operating Offcer Loopt hedda Litwin Cyberspace Law Counsel National Association of Attorneys General timothy M. Lordan Executive Director and Counsel Internet Education Foundation Larry Magid Co-Director ConnectSafely.org Brian Markwalter Vice President of Technology and Standards Consumer Electronics Association Michael W. Mckeehan Executive Director, Internet and Technology Policy Verizon Samuel c. McQuade iii Associate Professor Rochester Institute of Technology orit h. Michiel Vice President and Domestic Counsel Motion Picture Association of America John Morris General Counsel Center for Democracy and Technology Jonathan nevett Vice President of Policy and Ethics Network Solutions, LLC Jill L. nissen Formerly, Vice President, Chief Policy Offcer Ning, Inc. Jay opperman Senior Director of Security and Privacy Comcast Corporation kevin rupy Director of Policy Development USTelecom vi Online Safety and Technology Working Group John Shehan Executive Director, Exploited Child Division National Center for Missing and Exploited Children dane Snowden Vice President, External and State Affairs CTIA – The Wireless Association adam thierer President Progress and Freedom Foundation patricia e. vance President Entertainment Software Rating Board ralph James Yarro iii Founder, President, and CEO Think Atomic, Inc. federaL governMent repreSentativeS paul r. almanza Deputy Chief Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section Criminal Division Department of Justice robert cannon Senior Counsel for Internet Law Offce of Strategic Planning and Policy Analysis Federal Communications Commission cheryl petty garnette Director Technology in Education Programs Offce of Innovation and Improvement Department of Education nat Wood Assistant Director Division of Consumer and Business Education Bureau of Consumer Protection Federal Trade Commission Online Safety and Technology Working Group vii taBLe of contentS Executive Summary 1 Subcommittee on Internet Safety Education 11 Addendum A 34 Addendum B 49 Subcommittee on Parental Controls & Child Protection Technology 55 Addendum A 68 Subcommittee on Child Pornography Reporting 85 Addendum A 92 Addendum B 94 Addendum C 96 Subcommittee on Data Retention 100 Appendix A: Acknowledgements A1 Appendix B: Agendas of OSTWG Meetings A2 Appendix C: Statements of OSTWG Members A7 viii Online Safety and Technology Working Group executive SuMMarY The Internet is a living thing. It mirrors and serves as a platform for a spectrum of humanity’s lives, sociality, publications and productions. And as with all living things, its current state is guided and molded by the years of evolution it has gone through to reach its current place in our society. Tasked with the goal of examining the safety of this dynamic medium, the Online Safety and Technology Working Group (OSTWG) embraced its mission mindful of the great amount of work done before it. We approached our task with open eyes and open minds, while at the same time remaining aware of the many efforts that had gone before us, many of which individual OSTWG members had participated in. Still, we were determined to take our combined knowledge and insights gained over the past year to shed new light on the issues refected in our recommendations to you. The OSTWG was fortunate to have representatives from nearly every facet of the child online safety ecosystem represented. Members came from the Internet industry, child safety advocacy organizations, educational and civil liberties communities, the government, and law enforcement communities. Collectively, we brought to our work more than 250 years of experience in online safety from a spectrum of varying perspectives. We hope the set of recommendations we are delivering to you here will leave an indelible mark on the online experiences of our country’s children as they evolve into adults in this digital century. The OSTWG was established by the “Broadband Data Improvement Act” (the Act), Pub. L. No. 110–385. Section 214 of the Act, which was signed into law on October 10, 2008, mandated the NTIA to create the OSTWG, bringing this group together to focus on four different components of online safety. Specifcally, the OSTWG was established to review and evaluate: • The status of industry efforts to promote online safety through educational efforts, parental control technology, blocking and fltering software, age-appropriate labels for content or other technologies or initiatives designed to promote a safe online environment for children; • The status of industry efforts to promote online safety among providers of electronic communications services and remote computing services by reporting apparent child pornography, including any obstacles to such reporting; • The practices of electronic communications service providers and remote computing service providers related to record retention in connection with crimes against children; and • The development of technologies to help parents shield their children from inappropriate material on the Internet. The Act specifes that the OSTWG must be comprised of up to 30 members who are ‘‘representatives of relevant sectors of the business community, public interest groups, and other appropriate groups and Federal agencies.’’ This business community includes, at a minimum, Internet service providers, Internet content providers (especially providers of content for children), producers of blocking and fltering software, operators of social networking sites, search engines, Web portals, and domain name service (DNS) providers. Public interest groups may include organizations that work on behalf of children or study children’s issues, Internet safety groups, and education and academic entities. The NTIA sought representatives from a broad spectrum of organizations to obtain the best information Online Safety and Technology Working Group 1 available on the state of online safety. The OSTWG would also include representatives from various federal agencies. While federal agency members provided information and contributed to discussions at OSTWG meetings, the recommendations in this report do not necessarily represent the policy positions of the agencies or their leadership. The full list of members is included in Appendix A. It is clear from the make-up of the OSTWG that the NTIA was successful in executing on this mandate of the Act. For that we are grateful, as it allowed for a multi-dimensional examination of the issues set before us. oStWg SuBcoMMitteeS In order to provide you with a complete picture and set of recommendations in each of the areas outlined by the Act, we created a subcommittee for each topic put forth in the statute, each led by a subcommittee chair. Lawrence J. Magid led the Education subcommittee, Michael W. McKeehan led the Data Retention subcommittee, Christopher G. Bubb led the Child Pornography Reporting subcommittee, and Adam Thierer led the Technology subcommittee. Following an introductory meeting on June 4, 2009, we held meetings where each subcommittee invited experts to provide valuable insight to inform the work of that particular subcommittee. These meetings were held on September 24, 2009, November 3, 2009, February 4, 2010, and May 19, 2010. All meetings were held in Washington, D.C. and were open to the public and news media. The agenda for each of these 1 subcommittee meetings is available in Appendix B as well as online on the Web. SpeciaL SpeakerS To build on the work of preceding task forces, give context to our work, and receive the most current thinking and research on youth Internet use, we invited a special guest to speak at each of our meetings. Here’s a short summary of what each speaker said: At our frst meeting on June 4, 2009, Susan Crawford, JD, Assistant to the President for Science, Technology and Innovation and a member of the National Economic Council, called on this Group to focus on research-based education – of both parents and children – as a key to children’s online safety. “I love this line, and I am going to repeat it: ‘The best software is between the ears’,” Crawford said. She asked us to “avoid the overheated rhetoric about risks to kids online,” “insensitivity to the constitutional concerns that legitimize use of the Internet,” and “one-size-fts-all solutions.” She added that government does not have a very good track record with “technological mandates.” On September 24, 2009, Dr. Henry Jenkins, author and media professor at the University of Southern California, also cautioned us against sensationalist media coverage of digital teens. He said that what he and his fellow researchers of the $50 million McArthur Digital Youth Project have seen is that “most young people are trying to make the right choices in a world that most of us don’t fully understand yet, a world where they can’t get good advice from the adults around them, where they are moving into new activities that were not part of the life of their parents growing up – very capable young people who are doing responsible things, taking advantage of the technologies that are around them.” Jenkins said teens are engaged in four activities “central to the life of young people in participatory culture: circulating media, connecting with each other, creating media, and collaborating with each other.” It is crucial, he said, to bring these activities into classrooms nationwide so that all young people have equal opportunity to participate. This is crucial, too, because young people “are looking for 1 NTIA Web site (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/advisory/onlinesafety/) 2 Online Safety and Technology Working Group

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