X-Ray Astronomy in the Exosat Era: Proceedings of the XVIII ESLAB Sysmposium, held in The Hague, The Netherlands, 5–9 November 1984

710 Pages·1985·37.896 MB·English

by  C. J. Schrijver (auth.), A. Peacock (eds.)

X·RAY ASTRONOMY IN THE EXOSAT ERA
X-RAY ASTRONOMY
IN THE EXOSAT ERA
Proceedings of the XVIII ESLAB Symposium,
held in The Hague, The Netherlands, 5-9 November 1984
Edited by A. PEACOCK
Space Science Department of the European Space Agency, ESTEC
Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Vol. 40, Nos. 1 - 4 (1985)
D. Reidel Publishing Company I Dordrecht I Boston
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
ESLAB Symposium (18th: 1984: Hague, Netherlands)
X-ray astronomy in the EXOSAT era.
"Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, vol. 40, nos. 1-4 (19851."
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. X-ray astronomy-Congresses. 2. EXOSAT
(Artificial satellite)-Congresses. I. Peacock, A. II. Title.
QB472.A1E76 1984 522:686 85-19588
ISBN-13:978-94-010-8906-7 e-ISBN-13:978-94-009-5448-9
001: 10 .1 007/978-94-009-5448-9
Published by D. Reidel Publishing Company,
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All Rights Reserved
© 1985 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1985
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD xi
OPENING ADDRESS, 18TH ESLAB SYMPOSIUM xii
PART I / GALACTIC X-RAY ASTRONOMY
SECTION I: STELLAR CORONAE AND ISOLATED WHITE DWARFS
C. J. SCHRIJVER / Magnetic Activity in Cool Stars (Invited Paper) 3
N. E. WHITE, J. L. CULHANE, A. N. PARMAR, B. KELLETT, S. KAHN,
G. H. J. VAN DEN OORD, and J. KUIJPERS / An EXOSAT Observation
of the Morphology of the Coronal X-Ray Emission from Algol 25
M. A. BARSTOW / Observation of an X-Ray Outburst and Quiescent
Emission from the RS CVn Binary HR1099 35
M. LANDINI, B. C. MONSIGNORI-FOSSI, and R. PALLAVICINI / EXOSAT
Observations of Late-Type Stars: The Application of Coronal
Loop Models 43
D. K. BEDFORD, K. H. ELLIOTT, and C. J. EYLES / X-Ray Observations
of Active Chromosphere Stars 51
OSMI VILHU and JOHN HEISE / EXOSAT Observations of the Contact
Binary VW Cephei 55
A. M. T. POLLOCK / The Extremely X-Ray Bright Wolf-Rayet Star
HD193793 63
J. H. M. M. SCHMITT and M. SZTAJNO / EXOSAT Observations of
M Dwarfs 69
P. A. CHARLES, R. H. D. CORBET, K. MUKAI, A. P. SMALE, S. M. KAHN,
L. V. KUHI, and A. BROWN / EXOSAT Observations of Active
Stellar Coronae in the Cygnus Loop, T Tau & NGC 2264 Regions 73
JOHN HEISE / X-Ray Emission from Isolated Hot White Dwarfs 79
(Invited Paper)
L. VIGROUX, J. A. PAUL, P. DELACHE, G. F. BIGNAMI, P. A. CARAVEO,
and L. SALOTTI / X-Ray and Optical Variability at the Hour
Timescale for 1E 0630+178 (GEMINGA) and Its Proposed Optical
Counterpart 91
SECTION II: CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES
K. O. MASON / X-Ray Emission from Cataclysmic Variables
(Invited Paper) 99
K. BEUERMANN and J. OSBORNE / Hard X-Ray Observations of the
Eclipsing Binary EX Hydrae 117
J. SCHRIJVER, A. C. BRINKMAN, H. VAN DER WOERD, M. G. WATSON,
A. R. KING, J. VAN PARADIJS, and M. VAN DER KLIS / 2A0526-328:
The White Dwarf Rotation Period Revealed 121
vi TABLE OF CONTENTS
M. G. WATSON, A. R. KING, and J. HEISE / SS Cygni in Outburst
and QUiescence 127
K. BEUERMANN, A. SCHWOPE, H. WEISSIEKER, and C. MOTCH /
EXOSAT/Optical Observations of the AM Her Star H0139-68 135
K. BEUERMANN and L. STELLA / X-Ray Variability of the AM Her
Star CWll03+254 139
J. P. OSBORNE, R. ROSEN, K. O. MASON, and K. BEUERMANN / New
EXOSAT Results from the Intermediate Polar V1223 SGR 143
K. MUKAI, J. M. BONNET-BIDAUT, S. BOWYER, P. A. CHARLES,
L. CHIAPPETTI, J. T. CLARKE, R. H. D. CORBET, J. P. HENRY,
G. J. HILL, M. VAN DER KLIS, J. VAN PARADIJS, and S. D.
VRTILEK / X-Ray, Optical and UV Observations of the AM Her
System E2003+225 151
J. KRAUTTER, K. BEUEm~, and H. 6GEL~~ / X-Ray and Optical
Observations of Nova t1uscae 1983 During its Nebular Stage 156
N. E. WHITE, P. GIOMMI, A. N. PARMAR, F. E. MARSHALL, and
K. O. MASON / The Discovery of a 25 min Regular Modulation
in the X-Ray Flux from 2s0142+61 157
H. VAN DER WOERD and J. HEISE / The Decay of Dwarf Nova Outbursts 163
SECTION III: X-RAY BINARY SOURCES - LOW MASS/HIGH MASS SYSTEMS
N. E. WHITE and K. O. MASON / The Structure of Low-Mass X-Ray
Binaries (Invited Paper) 167
M. G. WATSON, R. WILLINGALE, A. R. KING, J. E. GRINDLAY, and
J. HALPERN / The Big Dipper: 4U1624-49 195
A. C. BRINKMAN, R. MEWE, T. LANGERWERF, J. HEISE, A. PEACOCK,
and N. WHITE / Spectral Variability of Scorpius X-l, as
Observed with EXOSAT 201
L. CHIAPPETTI, N. E. WHITE, S. M. KAHN, and R. SHAFER / High and
Medium Resolution Spectroscopy of the X-Ray Transient
4U1543-47 207
A. N. PARMAR, N. E. WHITE, M. SZTAJNO, and K. O. MASON / An
Investigation into the Nature of the 4.4 hr Periodic Source
4U1755-33 213
C. MOTCH, S. A. ILOVAISKY, C. CHEVALIER, and P. ANGEBAULT / An
IR, Optical and X-Ray Study of the Two State Behaviour of
GX 339-4 219
K. O. MASON, F. A. CORDOVA, R. H. D. CORBET and G. BRANDUARDI-
RAYMONT / An EXOSAT Observation of the Peculiar X-Ray Binary
2S 0921-630 During Optical Eclipse 225
M. W. PAKULL, S. A. ILOVAISKY, and C. CHEVALIER / LHG 83: Another
outstanding X-Ray Binary in the LMC 229
G. HASINGER, A. LANGMEIER, W. PIETSCH, and M. SZTAJNO / EXOSAT
Medium Energy Observations of Cyg X-2 233
C. MOTCH, C. CHEVALIER, S. A. ILOVAISKY, and M. W. PAKULL / CCD
Photometry of Low Mass X-Ray Binaries: LMCX-2, 1556-60 and
1957+11 239
G. M. STOLLMAN and J. VAN PARADIJS / On Maximum Luminosities of
X-Ray Bursts 245
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
M. J. L. TURNER, L. M. BREEDON, T. OHASHI, T. COURVOISIER,
H. INOUE, M. MATSUOKA, H. PEDERSEN, J. VAN PARADIJS, and
w. H. G. LEWIN / Coordinated Optical-EXOSAT-Tenma Observations
of a Burst from 2S1636-536 249
J. TRUMPER, J. VAN PARADIJS, M. SZTAJNO, W. H. G. LEWIN,
W. PIETSCH, J. KRAUTTER, G. STOLLMAN, and M. VAN DER KLIS /
EXOSAT and Optical Observations of the X-Ray Burst Source
4U/MXB1636-53 255
M. J. L. TURNER, L. M. BREEDON, and T. OHASHI / EXOSAT Obser-
vations of Bursts from 2S1636-536: Burst Morphology 263
L. M. BREEDON, M. J. L. TURNER, A. KING, and T. COURVOISIER / The
Quiescent Spectrum of 2S1636-536 269
THIERRY J. L. COURVOISIER, ARVIND N. PARMAR, and TONY PEACOCK /
EXOSAT Results on the X-Ray Burster 2S1254-690 275
A. P. SMALE, R. H. D. CORBET, P. A. CHARLES, J. W. MENZIES, and
P. MACK / Coordinated EXOSAT and Optical Observations of the
X-Ray Burster 4U1735-44 281
M. VAN DER KLIS, F. JANSEN, J. VAN PARADIJS and G. STOLLMANN /
First Detection of an X-Ray Burst and a One Hour Intensity Dip
in 4U1323-62 287
M. SZTAJNO, J. TRUMPER, G. HASINGER, and A. LANGMEIER / Detection
of Iron Lines in the Persistent Emission of Some X-Ray
Burst Sources Observed by EXOSAT 293
M. VAN DER KLIS, A. PEACOCK, A. SMITH, N. WHITE, K. MASON, and
G. MANZO / The Variable Iron Line in cygnus X-3 297
W. PRIEDHORSKY / Long Term Observations of Cyg X-3 with Vela 5B 305
W. HERMSEN / Cyg X-3 Not Seen at High-Energy Gamma Rays 313
HAJIME INOUE / Tenma Observations of Bright Binary X-Ray
Sources (Invited Paper) - 317
W. VOGES, P. KAHABKA, H. OGELMAN, W. PIETSCH, and J. TRUMPER /
Temporal Intensity Fluctuations of Her X-1 Around 100 sec
-Time Scales - 339
H. OGELMAN, P. KAHABKA, W. PIETSCH, J. TRUMPER, and W. VOGES /
35 Day Cycl: and the Rotation Period ~f Her X-1 347
P. KAHABKA, H. OGELMAN, W. PIETSCH, J. TRUMPER, and W. VOGES /
EXOSAT Observations of the Iron Line Emission of Her x-1
During a 35 Day Cycle 355
E. KENDZIORRA, W. COLLMAR, H. BRUNNER, R. STAUBERT, and
W. PIETSCH / Spectra and Ti~e Variability of GX 5-1 361
A. LANGMEIER, M. SZTAJNO, J. TRUMPER, and G. HAS INGER / EXOSAT
Observations of the Bright X-Ray Source GX9+1 367
W. PIETSCH, M. PAKULL, W. VOGES, and R. STAUBERT / LMC X-4:
13.5 Pulsations and an X-Ray Flare Observed by EXOSAT 371
M. PAKULL, H. BRUNNER, W. PIETSCH, A. STAUBERT, K. BEUERMANN,
M. VAN DER KLIS, and J. M. BONNET-BIDAUD / LMC X-4, A0538-66
and Surrounding X-Ray Sources Observed with EXOSAT 379
P. BARR, N. E. WHITE, and C. PAGE / The Discovery of Low-Level
Iron Line Emission from cyg X-1 383
C. G. PAGE / Study of Rapid Variability in cygnus X-1 387
A. N. PARMAR, L. STELLA, and N. E. WHITE / The Spectral and
Temporal Variability of the X-Ray Transient 4U1630-47 391
viii TABLE OF CONTENTS
L. STELLA, N. E. WHITE, and R. ROSNER / Intermittent Stellar
Wind Accretion in Pop. I Binary Systems Containing an X-Ray
Pulsar 399
ROBIN CORBET / Be/Neutron Star Binaries: Orbital and Spin
Periods 409
R. H. D. CORBET, A. P. SMALE, J. W. MENZIES, G. BRANDUARDI-
RAYMONT, P. A. CHARLES, and K. O. MASON / The Long Term
Variability of 4U 1258-61 (GX304-1) 415
F. MAKINO, D. A. LEAHY, and N. KAWAI/Observation of X-Ray
Spectrum of GX301-2 421
R. S. WARWICK, M. G. WATSON, and R. WILLINGALE / EXOSAT Obser-
vations of the X-Ray Pulsar 4Ul145-619 429
A. F. TENNANT / A High QUality Low State Observation of CIR X-l 433
M. J. L. TURNER, R. S. WARWICK, M. G. WATSON, and R. WILLINGALE /
A New Viw of the Galactic Plane with EXOSAT 437
C. CHEVALIER and S. A. ILOVAISKY / Optical Identifications of
Faint X-Ray Sources: New CCD Candidates for 0918-549,
1822-000 and 1905-000 443
SECTION IV: SUPERNOVA REMNANTS AND THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
B. ASCHENBACH / Galactic Supernova Remnants (Invited Paper) 447
J. DAVELAAR, M. MORINI, A. PEACOCK, N. R. ROBBA, and
B. G. TAYLOR / X-Ray Spectrum of the Tycho SNR Observed with
EXOSAT 467
B. J. KELLETT / EXOSAT PSD and CMA Observations of the SNR PKS
1209-52 475
J. BALLET, M. ARNAUD, R. ROCCHIA, and R. ROTHENFLUG / Mapping of
the Cygnus Loop with EXOSAT 481
A. SMITH and H.-U. ZIMMERMANN / EXOSAT LE-CMA Observations of the
Vela Supernova Remnant 487
S. MEREGHETTI, G. F. BIGNAMI, P. A. CARAVEO, A. GOLDWURM, and
G. G. C. PALUMBO / Some Crucial X-Ray Observations - One or
Two SNR(s) in Crux? 495
M. L. PARKINSON and J. L. OSBORNE / Soft X-Ray Emission from
Radio Loops I and III Compared 503
ROBERT H. BECKER / Synchrotron Nebulae (Invited Paper) 507
J. DAVELAAR and A. SMITH / 2-10 keV Spectra of Crab-Like SNR's
as Observed by EXOSAT 513
L. KOCH-MlRAMOND, R. ROCCHIA, J. DAVELAAR, F. A. JANSEN,
R. H. BECKER, and R. BRAUN / Spectral Observation of the
Composite Supernova Remnant G29.7-0.3 521
W. BRINKMANN, H. OGELMAN, and B. ASCHENBACH / Thermal Radiation
from a Radio Pulsar PSR 1055-52 527
KNOX S. LONG / Extragalactic Supernova Remnants (Invited Paper) 531
M. F. BODE, G. A. NORWELL, W. C. PRIEDHORSKY, and A. EVANS / The
X-Ray Halo of Cygnus X-l 549
PART II/EXTRAGALACTIC X-RAY ASTRONOMY
SECTION V: ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
IAN McHARDY / X-Ray Timing and Spectral Observations of Active
Galactic Nuclei (Invited Paper) 559
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
K. A. POUNDS, R. S. WARWICK, J. L. CULHANE, and P. DE KORTE / The
Soft X-Ray Spectrum of NGC 4151 585
G. C. PEROLA, A. ALTAMORE, A. BOKSENBERG, G. E. BROMAGE, J. CLAVEL,
A. ELVIUS, M. V. PENSTON, M. PETTINI, L. PIRO, M. A. J.
SNIJDERS, M. TARENGHI, and M. H. ULRICH / Simultaneous
EXOSAT-IUE Observations of NGC 4151 593
R. S. WARWICK, I. McHARDY, and K. A. POUNDS / EXOSAT Observations
of the BL Lac Object MKN 421 597
M. MORINI, D. MACCAGNI, L. MARASCHI, D. MOLTENI, E. G. TANZI,
and A. TREVES / X-Ray Variability of the Bright BL Lac
Object PKS 2155-304 601
A. M. T. POLLOCK, P. W. J. L. BRAND, J. L. BREGMAN, and
E. I. ROBSON / variability of BL Lac Objects at X-Ray and
Other Frequencies 607
H. BRADT, J. BALDWIN, B. GELDZAHLER, G. MADEJSKI, P. MASSEY,
J. McCLINTOCK, I. McHARDY, R. McMAHAN, T. OHASHI, R. REMILLARD,
W. ROMANISHIN, C. SALTER, B. SCHAEFER, D. SCHWARTZ, S. TAPIA,
J. THORSTENSEN, C. M. URRY, P. WEHINGER, A. WILSON, and
S. WYCKOFF / H0323+022: Classification as a BL Lac and
EXOSAT Coordinated Observations 613
G. C. STEWART, K. A. POUNDS, and V. A. STANGER / MR2251-178:
Preliminary Results of an X-Ray Monitoring Programme 619
M. J. L. TURNER, T. COURVOISIER, R. STAUBERT, D. MOLTENI, and
J. TRUMPER / X-Ray Spectral Variability of 3C273 623
P. GIOMMI, I. M. GIOIA, and T. MACCACARO / EXOSAT Observation of
the QSO Galaxy Pair lE0104.2+3153 627
T. A. McGLYNN, A. F. TENNANT, R. A. SHAFER, and G. C. STEWART /
EXOSAT Spectra of Some Bright QSO's 633
RICHARD SHAFER, MARTIN WARD, and PAUL BARR / The X-Ray and
Optical Variability of the BLRG 3C390.3 637
G. G. C. PALUMBO, G. FABBIANO, C. FRANSSON, and G. TRINCHIERI /
An X-Ray Study of M51 (NGC 5194) and Its Companion (NGC 5195) 643
G. BRANDUARDI-RAYMONT, K. O. MASON, P. G. MURDIN, C. MARTIN,
and S. P. McKECHNIE / Optical Observations of Serendipitous
EXOSAT Sources in the Coma Cluster 647
SECTION VI: CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
A. C. FABIAN / X-Ray Emission from Clusters of Galaxies
(Invited Paper) 653
A. SMITH and G. STEWART / EXOSAT 2-10 keV OBSERVATIONS OF M87
and the Virgo Cluster 661
H. U. N¢RGAARD-NIELSEN, N. J. WESTERGAARD, and L. HANSEN / Abell
1367 and 1060 Observed with EXOSAT 669
K. O. MASON and S. R. ROSEN / EXOSAT Observations of NGC 1399
and NGC 1404: Two Elliptical Galaxies in the Center of the
Fornax Cluster 675
MARK J. HENRIKSEN and RICHARD F. MUSHOTZKY / Spectral Constraints
on Models of Gas in Clusters of Galaxies 681
R. ROTHENFLUG and M. ARNAUD / Galaxy Clusters: The Missing Mass
in stars 689
x TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION VII: OTHER EXTRAGALACTIC TOPICS
LAURENCE R. JONES, J. P. PYE, I. M. McHARDY, and A. P. FAIRALL /
EXOSAT and Einstein High Resolution Images of the Small
Magellanic Cloud 693
A. EVANS, G. NORWELL, and M. F. BODE / X-Ray Scattering by
Intergalactic Dust 701
PART III
SECTION VIII: INSTRUMENTATION/GENERAL INTEREST
R. PETRE and P. J. SERLEMITSOS / The Broad Band X-Ray Telescope 707
R. HUDEC / Possibilities of Investigation of X-Ray Sources on
Archival Plates 715
INDEX OF NAMES 721
INDEX OF SUBJECTS 725
FDRE.WJRD
The XVIII ESLAB Symposium was held at the beginning of November 1984 in
Scheveningen, The Hague with the topic being X-ray astronomy. '!he
principal aim was to bring together the international astrophysics
community in order to present the latest results from the European
Space Agency's X-ray Observatory satellite, EXOSAT.
'!he Observatory has been in orbit for over eighteen months and a wealth
of new observational data has been produced from rrore than fifteen
hundred separate observations. '!he Agency felt that it was timely to
review the present state of X-ray astronomy in the light of these
exciting new observations.
The syrtlfX)sium was organised into sessions covering the whole field and
each session CC!'!'IlreIlced with an invited review of the topic. Each of
the reviews was followed by a series of contributed papers, nainly based
on recent EXOSAT results.
The rrore than one hundred papers presented at the symposium and the
quality of the results clearly demonstrate that the EXOSAT Observatory
has had a najor iIlpact on the field of astrophysics. It is upon this
sound base that the Agency's next large facility-class astrophysics
mission "'!he X-ray Spectroscopy Satellite" will be wilt.
It would not have been possible to have run the synposium in such a
smooth, efficient manner without the channing assistance of Diana Mulders
of the Space Science Department of ESA.
A. Peacock, January 1985.
xi