Wulfstan, Archbishop of York: The Proceedings of the Second Alcuin Conference

568 Pages·2004·77.65 MB·English

by  Matthew Townend

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WULFSTAN, ARCHBISHOP OF YORK
The Proceedings of the Second Alcuin
Conference

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STUDIES IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES

EDITORIAL BOARD UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE

CENTRE FOR MEDIEVAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF YORK

Elizabeth M. Tyler (University of York)
Julian D. Richards (University of York)
Ross Balzaretti (University of Nottingham)

VOLUME 10
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WULFSTAN, ARCHBISHOP OF YORK
The Proceedings of the Second Alcuin
Conference
Edited by
Matthew Townend

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Wulfstan, Archbishop of York : the proceedings of the second Alcuin Conference. –
(Studies in the early middle ages ; v. 10)
1.Wulfstan, Archbishop of York, d. 1023 – Congresses 2.Bishops – England –
York – Biography – Congresses 3.York (England) – Church history – Congresses
4.England – Church history – 449-1066 – Congresses
I.Townend, Matthew
270.3(cid:397).092

ISBN 2503522246

© 2004, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior permission of the publisher.

D/2004/0095/62
ISBN: 2-503-52224-6

Printed in the E.U. on acid-free paper.
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Contents
List of Illustrations vii

Contributors xi

Acknowledgements xiii

Introduction 1
MATTHEW TOWNEND
Archbishop Wulfstan: Eleventh-Century State-Builder 9
PATRICK WORMALD
Sound, Fury, and Signifiers; or Wulfstan’s Language 29
RICHARD DANCE
Re-editing Wulfstan: Where’s the Point? 63
ANDY ORCHARD
Wulfstan’s Latin Sermons 93
THOMAS N. HALL
Wulfstan and Worcester: Bishop and Clergy in the Early Eleventh Century 141
JULIA BARROW
Archbishop Wulfstan and the Administration of God’s Property 161
STEPHEN BAXTER
York Minster in the Time of Wulfstan 207
CHRISTOPHER NORTON
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The Development of Wulfstan’s Alcuin Manuscript 235
GARETH MANN
Art and the Man: Archbishop Wulfstan and the York Gospelbook 279
T. A. HESLOP
Archbishop Wulfstan: Reformer? 309
JOYCE HILL
Wulfstan’s Liturgical Interests 325
CHRISTOPHER A. JONES
The Relations of Wulfstan and Ælfric: A Reassessment 353
MALCOLM GODDEN
Wulfstan’s Sermo Lupi ad Anglos as Political Performance: 375
16 February 1014 and Beyond
JONATHAN WILCOX
Byrstas and bysmeras: The Wounds of Sin in the Sermo Lupi ad Anglos 397
ALICE COWEN
Napier Homily L: Wulfstan’s Eschatology at the Close of his Career 413
JOYCE TALLY LIONARONS
Wulfstan and Ælfric: ‘the true Difference between the Law and the Gospel’ 429
ERIC STANLEY
‘The Protection of God and the King’: Wulfstan’s Legislation on Widows 443
STEPHANIE HOLLIS
‘And we forbeodað eornostlice ælcne hæðenscipe’: 461
Wulfstan and Late Anglo-Saxon and Norse ‘Heathenism’
AUDREY L. MEANEY
‘Vir optimus Wlfstanus’: The Post-Conquest Commemoration 501
of Archbishop Wulfstan of York at Ely Cathedral
JOHN CROOK
Index 525

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Illustrations
Chapter 7
7.1. London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius A.xiii, fol. 48r (by permission of the
British Library).
7.2. London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius A.xiii, fol. 100r (by permission of the
British Library).
7.3. London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius A.xiii, fol. 70r (by permission of the
British Library).
7.4. London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius A.xiii, fol. 83r (by permission of the
British Library).
7.5. London, British Library, Harley 55, fol. 4v (by permission of the British Library).
7.6. The York Gospels (York, Minster Library, Additional 1), fol. 156v (by permis-
sion of the Dean and Chapter of York Minster).
7.7. The York Gospels, fol. 157r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of York
Minster).
7.8. Map showing the estates listed in the surveys of Sherburn-in-Elmet, Otley, and
Ripon in the York Gospels (by permission of Prof. Simon Keynes).
Chapter 8
8.1. The Horn of Ulf (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of York Minster).
8.2. The York Gospels (York, Minster Library, Additional 1), fol. 160v (by permis-
sion of the Dean and Chapter of York Minster).
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viii Illustrations
8.3. The York Gospels, fol. 161r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of York
Minster).
8.4. Plan of the Minster Close as it may have been in the time of Archbishop
Wulfstan (Drawing: Frances Challoner).
8.5. Carved grave markers found in situ over burials 50 and 51 in the pre-conquest
cemetery beneath the south transept of York Minster, April 1969 (Photo: English
Heritage YM 1430; by permission of the Dean and Chapter of York Minster).
8.6. Carved grave markers found in situ over a child’s grave (burial 48) in the pre-
conquest cemetery beneath the south transept of York Minster, April 1969 (Photo:
English Heritage YM 1425; by permission of the Dean and Chapter of York
Minster).
8.7. Pre-conquest glazed polychrome relief tiles from All Saints Pavement, York
(Photo: Laurence Keen).
8.8. Pre-conquest glazed polychrome relief tiles from All Saints Pavement, York
(Photo: Laurence Keen).
Chapter 9
9.1. London, British Library, Cotton Vespasian A.xiv, fol. 171v (by permission of the
British Library).
9.2. London, British Library, Cotton Vespasian A.xiv, fol. 173v (by permission of the
British Library).
9.3. London, British Library, Cotton Vespasian A.xiv, fol. 177v (by permission of the
British Library).
Chapter 10
10.1. The final pages of the York Gospelbook (York, Minster Library, Additional 1)
and the ‘1020’ gathering, showing the positioning of ‘Wulfstan’s’ additions.
10.2. The York Gospelbook, fol. 23v (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
10.3. The York Gospelbook, fol. 24r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
10.4. The York Gospelbook, fol. 23r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
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Illustrations ix
10.5. The York Gospelbook, fol. 61r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
10.6. The York Gospelbook, fol. 85r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
10.7. The York Gospelbook, fol. 60r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
10.8. The York Gospelbook, fol. 10r (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
10.9. The York Gospelbook, fol. 22v (by permission of the Dean and Chapter of
York Minster).
10.10. London, British Library, Additional 34890, fol. 114v (by permission of the
British Library).
Chapter 20
20.1. Ely Cathedral. The tomb-chest of Bishop Nicholas West (1515–33), adapted in
1771 to receive the bones of the Ely benefactors. © John Crook.
20.2. Ely Cathedral. Proposal drawing dated 1763 showing the intended appearance
of the Octagon after the removal of the choir, published in James Bentham,
History and Antiquities of Ely (1771), pl. XI.
20.3. Ely Cathedral. Plan of the crossing showing the position of the choir within the
Octagon until 1769. Browne Willis, Survey of the Cathedrals of Lincoln, Ely,
Oxford, and Peterborough [. . .] (1730), following p. 330.
20.4. Ely Cathedral. Detail from a watercolour depicting Wulfstan’s loculus and its
painted architectural setting, drawn by Michael Tyson in 1769. Oxford, Bodleian
Library, Gough Maps 225, fol. 37r (by permission of the Bodleian Library).
20.5. Ely Cathedral. Pen-and-ink drawing of two of the painted niches by William
Stukeley, probably dating from 1735x1741. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Top.
Eccles. d.6, p. 88 (by permission of the Bodleian Library).
20.6. Ely Cathedral. Conjectural reconstruction of the arcade over the loculi contain-
ing the bones of the Ely benefactors, and the painted niches above, based on
Michael Tyson’s watercolour of 1769. © John Crook.
20.7. Bronze pin, formerly gilt or silvered, said to have been removed from the loculus
allegedly containing the bones of Archbishop Wulfstan. Society of Antiquaries of
London, ref. LDSAL 104. Both sides of the pin are shown. © John Crook.
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