WTO Report - Trade Profiles 2008

196 Pages·1.455 MB·English

8
0
0
2

O
Trade
Profiles
T 2008
W
WTO MEMBERS
(As of 23 July 2008)
Albania Gabon New Zealand
Angola The Gambia Nicaragua
Antigua and Barbuda Georgia Niger
Argentina Germany Nigeria
Armenia Ghana Norway
Australia Greece Oman
Austria Grenada Pakistan
Bahrain, Kingdom of Guatemala Panama
Bangladesh Guinea Papua New Guinea
Barbados Guinea Bissau Paraguay
Belgium Guyana Peru
Belize Haiti Philippines
Benin Honduras Poland
Bolivia Hong Kong, China Portugal
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Hungary Qatar
Botswana Iceland Romania
Brazil India Rwanda
Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Saint Kitts and Nevis
Bulgaria Ireland Saint Lucia
Burkina Faso Israel Saint Vincent & the Grenadines
Burundi Italy Saudi Arabia
Cambodia Jamaica Senegal
Cameroon Japan Sierra Leone
Canada Jordan Singapore
Cape Verde Kenya Slovak Republic
Central African Republic Korea, Republic of Slovenia
Chad Kuwait Solomon Islands
Chile Kyrgyz Republic South Africa
China Latvia Spain
Colombia Lesotho Sri Lanka
Congo Liechtenstein Suriname
Costa Rica Lithuania Swaziland
Côte d’Ivoire Luxembourg Sweden
Croatia Macao, China Switzerland
Cuba Madagascar Chinese Taipei
Cyprus Malawi Tanzania
Czech Republic Malaysia Thailand
Democratic Republic of the Congo Maldives Togo
Denmark Mali Tonga
Djibouti Malta Trinidad and Tobago
Dominica Mauritania Tunisia
Dominican Republic Mauritius Turkey
Ecuador Mexico Uganda
Egypt Moldova Ukraine
El Salvador Mongolia United Arab Emirates
Estonia Morocco United Kingdom
European Communities Mozambique United States of America
Fiji Myanmar Uruguay
Finland Namibia Viet Nam
Former Yugoslav Republic Nepal Zambia
of Macedonia (FYROM) Netherlands Zimbabwe
France
This report is also available in French and Spanish
(Price: CHF 30.00)
To order, please contact:
WTO Publications
World Trade Organization
154, rue de Lausanne
CH-1211 Geneva 21
Tel: [phone] ISBN 978-92-870-3460-1
Fax: [phone] Printed by the WTO Secretariat - 8228.08
Email: [email protected] © World Trade Organization 2008
INTRODUCTION
These Trade Profi les combine information on trade fl ows and trade policy measures of Members,
Observers and other selected economies. The information is retrieved from various WTO
Divisions and external sources and presented in standardized format for quick reference.
The indicators are divided into fi ve categories:
I. Basic economic indicators – population, GDP, current account balance, etc.
II. Trade policy indicators – specifi c WTO relevant information, including tariff binding
information, import duties collected in total tax revenue, the number of dispute rulings
(complainant, defendant), notifi cations outstanding and contingency measures in force.
III. Merchandise trade indicators (customs-based statistics) – information on total trade fl ows
broken down by broad product categories and major origins and destinations.
IV. Commercial services indicators (balance of payments based statistics) – trends in total trade
fl ows and a breakdown by major components.
V. Industrial property indicators – annual number of patents granted and marks registered in
the name of residents and non-residents in the economy.

Data are currently provided for as many Members and Observers for which adequate
information is available in the WTO Secretariat and other national and international bodies.
For updates, see the WTO Online Database at the WTO Statistics Gateway (www.wto.org,
choose Resources, Trade statistics). Depending on data availability, missing trade profi les will be
completed or added.
For sources and methodology, please refer to the Technical Notes at the end of the publication.
The defi nition of economies in this booklet does not imply an expression of opinion by the
Secretariat concerning the status of any country or territory, the delimitation of its frontiers,
nor regarding the rights and obligations of any WTO Member in respect of WTO Agreements.
Throughout this report, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the Republic of Korea and the
Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu are referenced as Bolivarian
Rep. of Venezuela, Korea, Republic of and Taipei, Chinese respectively.
TRADE PROFILES 2008 i
Acknowledgements are due to the International Monetary Fund, the International Trade Center,
the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Statistical Offi ce of the
European Communities, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United
Nations Statistics Division, the World Bank and the World Intellectual Property Organization.
The assistance of all these organizations in supplying statistics as well as other information has
greatly facilitated the work of the Secretariat.
Symbols and abbreviations
... Not available or not reported GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services
- Not applicable GDP Gross Domestic Product
AOA WTO Agreement on Agriculture ITS WTO International Trade Statistics
CRN Central Registry of Notifi cations MFN Most Favoured Nation
DSU Dispute Settlement Understanding PPP Purchasing Power Parity
EIA Economic Integration Agreement RTA Regional Trade Agreement
EU European Union
Annual average percentage changes are calculated using a geometric average.
Minor discrepancies between constituent fi gures and totals are due to rounding.
Tables include in general information for the period 2000 - latest available year.
Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value fi gures are expressed in United States dollars; (ii)
merchandise trade fi gures are on a customs basis; (iii) trade in commercial services data are on
a balance of payments basis; and (iv) merchandise exports are valued f.o.b. and merchandise
imports c.i.f.
Comments and enquiries on this booklet should be addressed to [email protected].
Closing date 15 October 2008.
ii TRADE PROFILES 2008
CONTENTS
Afghanistan – AF 3 Czech Republic – CZ 48
Albania – AL 4 Denmark – DK 49
Algeria – DZ 5 Djibouti – DJ 50
Angola – AO 6 Dominica – DM 51
Antigua and Barbuda – AG 7 Dominican Republic – DO 52
Argentina – AR 8 Ecuador – EC 53
Armenia – AM 9 Egypt – EG 54
Australia – AU 10 El Salvador – SV 55
Austria – AT 11 Equatorial Guinea – GQ 56
Azerbaijan – AZ 12 Eritrea – ER 57
Bahamas – BS 13 Estonia – EE 58
Bahrain – BH 14 Ethiopia – ET 59
Bangladesh – BD 15 European Union (27) – E27 60
Barbados – BB 16 Fiji – FJ 61
Belarus – BY 17 Finland – FI 62
Belgium – BE 18 France – FR 63
Belize – BZ 19 FYR Macedonia – MK 64
Benin – BJ 20 Gabon – GA 65
Bhutan – BT 21 Gambia – GM 66
Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela – VE 22 Georgia – GE 67
Bolivia – BO 23 Germany – DE 68
Bosnia and Herzegovina – BA 24 Ghana – GH 69
Botswana – BW 25 Greece – GR 70
Brazil – BR 26 Grenada – GD 71
Brunei Darussalam – BN 27 Guatemala – GT 72
Bulgaria – BG 28 Guinea – GN 73
Burkina Faso – BF 29 Guinea-Bissau – GW 74
Burundi – BI 30 Guyana – GY 75
Cambodia – KH 31 Haiti – HT 76
Cameroon – CM 32 Honduras – HN 77
Canada – CA 33 Hong Kong, China – HK 78
Cape Verde – CV 34 Hungary – HU 79
Central African Republic – CF 35 Iceland – IS 80
Chad – TD 36 India – IN 81
Chile – CL 37 Indonesia – ID 82
China – CN 38 Iran, Islamic Rep. of – IR 83
Colombia – CO 39 Iraq – IQ 84
Comoros – KM 40 Ireland – IE 85
Congo – CG 41 Israel – IL 86
Congo, Dem. Rep. of – CD 42 Italy – IT 87
Costa Rica – CR 43 Jamaica – JM 88
Côte d’Ivoire – CI 44 Japan – JP 89
Croatia – HR 45 Jordan – JO 90
Cuba – CU 46 Kazakhstan – KZ 91
Cyprus – CY 47 Kenya – KE 92
TRADE PROFILES 2008 1
Korea, Republic of – KR 93 Rwanda – RW 139
Kuwait – KW 94 Saint Kitts and Nevis – KN 140
Kyrgyz Republic – KG 95 Saint Lucia – LC 141
Lao People’s Dem. Rep. – LA 96 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – VC 142
Latvia – LV 97 Samoa – WS 143
Lebanon – LB 98 Sao Tome and Principe – ST 144
Lesotho – LS 99 Saudi Arabia – SA 145
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya – LY 100 Senegal – SN 146
Lithuania – LT 101 Serbia – RS 147
Luxembourg – LU 102 Seychelles – SC 148
Macao, China – MO 103 Sierra Leone – SL 149
Madagascar – MG 104 Singapore – SG 150
Malawi – MW 105 Slovak Republic – SK 151
Malaysia – MY 106 Slovenia – SI 152
Maldives – MV 107 Solomon Islands – SB 153
Mali – ML 108 South Africa – ZA 154
Malta – MT 109 Spain – ES 155
Mauritania – MR 110 Sri Lanka – LK 156
Mauritius – MU 111 Sudan – SD 157
Mexico – MX 112 Suriname – SR 158
Moldova – MD 113 Swaziland – SZ 159
Mongolia – MN 114 Sweden – SE 160
Montenegro – ME 115 Switzerland – CH 161
Morocco – MA 116 Syrian Arab Republic – SY 162
Mozambique – MZ 117 Taipei, Chinese – TW 163
Myanmar – MM 118 Tajikistan – TJ 164
Namibia – NA 119 Tanzania – TZ 165
Nepal – NP 120 Thailand – TH 166
Netherlands – NL 121 Togo – TG 167
New Zealand – NZ 122 Tonga – TO 168
Nicaragua – NI 123 Trinidad and Tobago – TT 169
Niger – NE 124 Tunisia – TN 170
Nigeria – NG 125 Turkey – TR 171
Norway – NO 126 Turkmenistan – TM 172
Oman – OM 127 Uganda – UG 173
Pakistan – PK 128 Ukraine – UA 174
Panama – PA 129 United Arab Emirates – AE 175
Papua New Guinea – PG 130 United Kingdom – GB 176
Paraguay – PY 131 United States – US 177
Peru – PE 132 Uruguay – UY 178
Philippines – PH 133 Uzbekistan – UZ 179
Poland – PL 134 Vanuatu – VU 180
Portugal – PT 135 Viet Nam – VN 181
Qatar – QA 136 Yemen – YE 182
Romania – RO 137 Zambia – ZM 183
Russian Federation – RU 138 Zimbabwe – ZW 184
2 TRADE PROFILES 2008
AFGHANISTAN
BASIC INDICATORS
Population (thousands, 2007) ... Rank in world trade, 2007 Exports Imports
GDP (million current US$, 2007) 11 627 Merchandise 160 129
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) 26 217 excluding intra-EU trade 134 103
Current account balance (million US$, 2007) ... Commercial services 163 171
Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) ... excluding intra-EU trade 137 145
Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007) ...
Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Real GDP (2000=100) ... ... ... ...
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) ... ... ... ...
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) ... ... ... ...
TRADE POLICY Contribution to WTO budget -
WTO accession date Observer Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006)
Trade Policy Review date - in total tax revenue 60.9
Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports ...
Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force
MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry -
Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 1 - 0
All goods - 5.7 Anti-dumping -
Agricultural goods (AOA) - 5.5 Countervailing duties -
Non-agricultural goods - 5.7 Safeguards -
Nonad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) - 0.8 Number of disputes (complainant - defendant)
MFN duty free imports Requests for consultation -
in agricultural goods (AOA) ... Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports -
in non-agricultural goods ... Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) -
Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) -
MERCHANDISE TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) 480 15 6 18
Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$) 2 950 14 5 14
2007 2007
Share in world total exports 0.00 Share in world total imports 0.02
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By main commodity group (ITS) By main commodity group (ITS)
Agricultural products ... Agricultural products ...
Fuels and mining products ... Fuels and mining products ...
Manufactures ... Manufactures ...
By main destination By main origin
1. ... ... 1. ... ...
2. ... ... 2. ... ...
3. ... ... 3. ... ...
4. ... ... 4. ... ...
5. ... ... 5. ... ...
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Commercial services exports (million US$) ... ... ... ...
Commercial services imports (million US$) ... ... ... ...
2007 2007
Share in world total exports ... Share in world total imports ...
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By principal services item By principal services item
Transportation ... Transportation ...
Travel ... Travel ...
Other commercial services ... Other commercial services ...
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office
Residents Non-residents Total Direct residents Direct non-residents Madrid Total
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
TRADE PROFILES 2008 3
ALBANIA
BASIC INDICATORS
Population (thousands, 2007) 3 181 Rank in world trade, 2007 Exports Imports
GDP (million current US$, 2007) 10 569 Merchandise 143 112
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) 20 312 excluding intra-EU trade 117 86
Current account balance (million US$, 2006) - 671 Commercial services 86 91
Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) 2 256 excluding intra-EU trade 60 65
Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007) 76.5
Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Real GDP (2000=100) 145 5 5 6
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) 210 11 5 7
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) 261 15 8 21
TRADE POLICY Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2008) 0.021
WTO accession date 8 September 2000 Import duties collected (%, 2005-2006)
Trade Policy Review date ... in total tax revenue 9.0
Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports 3.4
Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force
MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 20
Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 3 - 0
All goods 7.0 5.4 Anti-dumping (30 June 2007) ...
Agricultural goods (AOA) 9.4 7.8 Countervailing duties (30 June 2007) ...
Non-agricultural goods 6.6 5.0 Safeguards (24 October 2007) 0
Nonad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) 0.0 0.1 Number of disputes (complainant - defendant)
MFN duty free imports (%, 2005) Requests for consultation 0 - 0
in agricultural goods (AOA) 12.7 Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports 0 - 0
in non-agricultural goods 23.2 Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) 0 - 0
Services sectors with GATS commitments 108 Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) 0 - 0
MERCHANDISE TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) 1 072 23 21 34
Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$) 4 196 21 17 37
2007 a 2007 a
Share in world total exports 0.01 Share in world total imports 0.03
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By main commodity group (ITS) By main commodity group (ITS)
Agricultural products 7.3 Agricultural products 17.9
Fuels and mining products 19.5 Fuels and mining products 16.9
Manufactures 71.7 Manufactures 65.1
By main destination By main origin
1. European Union (27) 88.6 1. European Union (27) 65.5
2. Serbia 5.1 2. Turkey 7.6
3. FYR Macedonia 1.6 3. China 6.0
4. Turkey 1.3 4. Russian Federation 4.1
5. China 1.1 5. Ukraine 3.8
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Commercial services exports (million US$) 1 981 24 28 34
Commercial services imports (million US$) 2 029 26 18 31
2007 2007
Share in world total exports 0.06 Share in world total imports 0.07
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By principal services item By principal services item
Transportation 11.3 Transportation 19.2
Travel 69.4 Travel 62.3
Other commercial services 19.3 Other commercial services 18.5
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office, 2006
Residents Non-residents Total Direct residents Direct non-residents Madrid Total
... ... ... ... ... 2 890 2 890
a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2006.
4 TRADE PROFILES 2008
ALGERIA
BASIC INDICATORS
Population (thousands, 2007) 33 853 Rank in world trade, 2007 Exports Imports
GDP (million current US$, 2007) 135 285 Merchandise 43 60
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) 269 201 excluding intra-EU trade 29 40
Current account balance (million US$, 2003) 9 780 Commercial services 80 64
Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) 2 568 excluding intra-EU trade 54 44
Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007) 72.6
Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Real GDP (2000=100) 133 4 2 3
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a 121 4 ... ...
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a 153 9 ... ...
TRADE POLICY Contribution to WTO budget -
WTO accession date Observer Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006)
Trade Policy Review date - in total tax revenue 5.9
Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports 7.3
Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force
MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry -
Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 2 - 0
All goods - 18.6 Anti-dumping -
Agricultural goods (AOA) - 23.3 Countervailing duties -
Non-agricultural goods - 17.8 Safeguards -
Nonad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) - 0.0 Number of disputes (complainant - defendant)
MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) Requests for consultation -
in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports -
in non-agricultural goods 0.6 Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) -
Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) -
MERCHANDISE TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) 60 163 15 19 10
Merchandise imports, c.i.f. (million US$) 27 631 17 5 29
2007 b 2007 b
Share in world total exports 0.43 Share in world total imports 0.19
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By main commodity group (ITS) By main commodity group (ITS)
Agricultural products 0.2 Agricultural products 22.1
Fuels and mining products 98.9 Fuels and mining products 3.0
Manufactures 0.9 Manufactures 74.9
By main destination By main origin
1. European Union (27) 52.5 1. European Union (27) 54.8
2. United States 27.2 2. China 8.0
3. Canada 6.6 3. United States 6.6
4. Brazil 3.5 4. Turkey 3.3
5. Turkey 3.4 5. Japan 3.3
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Commercial services exports (million US$) 2 474 15 23 10
Commercial services imports (million US$) 4 494 18 4 44
2007 2007
Share in world total exports 0.08 Share in world total imports 0.15
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By principal services item By principal services item
Transportation ... Transportation ...
Travel ... Travel ...
Other commercial services ... Other commercial services ...
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Trademark registrations by office, 2006
Residents Non-residents Total Direct residents Direct non-residents Madrid Total
79 400 479 970 836 2 389 4 195
a Refers to 2005 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2005.
b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2006.
TRADE PROFILES 2008 5
ANGOLA
BASIC INDICATORS
Population (thousands, 2007) 17 019 Rank in world trade, 2007 Exports Imports
GDP (million current US$, 2007) 58 547 Merchandise 56 82
GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) 93 041 excluding intra-EU trade 39 58
Current account balance (million US$, 2006) 10 690 Commercial services 148 54
Trade per capita (US$, 2003-2005) 1 720 excluding intra-EU trade 122 36
Trade to GDP ratio (2003-2005) 125.4
Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Real GDP (2000=100) 239 13 19 23
Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) ... ... ... ...
Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) ... ... ... ...
TRADE POLICY Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2008) 0.117
WTO accession date 23 November 1996 Import duties collected
Trade Policy Review date 14, 16 February 2006 in total tax revenue ...
Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports ...
Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force
MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 37
Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 2 - 0
All goods 59.2 7.3 Anti-dumping (30 June 2007) ...
Agricultural goods (AOA) 52.8 10.0 Countervailing duties (30 June 2007) ...
Non-agricultural goods 60.1 6.9 Safeguards (24 October 2007) 0
Nonad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) 0.0 0.2 Number of disputes (complainant - defendant)
MFN duty free imports Requests for consultation 0 - 0
in agricultural goods (AOA) ... Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports 0 - 0
in non-agricultural goods ... Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) 0 - 0
Services sectors with GATS commitments 5 Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) 0 - 0
MERCHANDISE TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2007 2000-2007 2006 2007
Merchandise exports, f.o.b. (million US$) 39 900 26 32 25
Merchandise imports, f.o.b. (million US$) 11 400 21 5 30
2007 2007
Share in world total exports 0.29 Share in world total imports 0.08
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By main commodity group (ITS) By main commodity group (ITS)
Agricultural products 0.1 Agricultural products ...
Fuels and mining products 98.7 Fuels and mining products ...
Manufactures 1.1 Manufactures ...
By main destination By main origin
1. ... ... 1. ... ...
2. ... ... 2. ... ...
3. ... ... 3. ... ...
4. ... ... 4. ... ...
5. ... ... 5. ... ...
COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Value Annual percentage change
2005 2000-2005 2004 2005
Commercial services exports (million US$) 177 -8 61 -45
Commercial services imports (million US$) 6 191 22 54 45
2005 2005
Share in world total exports 0.01 Share in world total imports 0.26
Breakdown in economy's total exports Breakdown in economy's total imports
By principal services item By principal services item
Transportation 10.2 Transportation 21.3
Travel 49.9 Travel 1.2
Other commercial services 39.9 Other commercial services 77.5
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office
Residents Non-residents Total Direct residents Direct non-residents Madrid Total
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
6 TRADE PROFILES 2008