Writing the stage coach nation : locality on the move in nineteenth-century British literature PDF
Preview Writing the stage coach nation : locality on the move in nineteenth-century British literature
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi WRITING THE STAGE COACH NATION OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi Writing the Stage Coach Nation Locality on the Move in Nineteenth-Century British Literature RUTH LIVESEY 1 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©RuthLivesey2016 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2016 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016938539 ISBN 978–0–19–876943–9 PrintedinGreatBritainby ClaysLtd,StIvesplc LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi Acknowledgements Likemostbooksthattakesometimetogetwritten,thisworkiswhatitis thanks to many supporters and friends. My colleagues and graduate studentsatRoyalHolloway,particularlythoseintheCentreforVictorian StudiesandCulturalGeography,haveneverflaggedinshowinganinterest in the work as it has progressed, and I would like to thank my former HeadsofDepartment,RobertHampsonandAnneVarty,fortheirbelief intheproject.IhavebeenaneditorofJournalofVictorianCultureduring the yearsinwhichthe bookhas takenshape andit hasbeen enriched by thewonderfulinterdisciplinaryworkthatlandsinmyinboxinthatroleas well as through continual exchange with my co-editors and our editorial board. But getting a bit closer to the range and scope of the work as I imagined it was really made possible by the award of a Leverhulme ResearchFellowshipthroughout2012followingonfromaterm’ssabbat- ical. There is no other way I could have read eight Walter Scott novels back-to-backandleaptintotheunfamiliarterritoryofthepoliticalculture of the 1820s without worrying overmuch about the result. The research forChapter4alsogainedahugeamountfromaone-monthfellowshipat theHuntingtonLibrary,SanMarino,inApril2013,andIwouldliketo thank SteveHindle, Jonathan Grossman, Joseph Bristow,and Nathaniel andJulieLiveseyfortheirsupportduringthatstay. Ihavetriedtogivecreditineachchaptertothemanypeoplewhohave steered my thinking when I have presented the material here at confer- ences andseminars. Butfor theirinvaluable, incisivecomments on work in progress I owe the greatest thanks to my anonymous readers at OUP and to Joseph Bristow, Ella Dzelzainis, Regenia Gagnier, James Grande, Jonathan Grossman, Nancy Henry, Jess Hindes, Juliet John, Cora Kaplan, Jo McDonagh, and Redell Olsen; and to Helen Rogers, for reading the whole final draft and believing it. I also had the great good fortune to have Sally Ledger as a colleague at Birkbeck and latterly at RoyalHolloway,andmyinterestintheradicalcommunicativenation of the 1820s was spurred on by her own work on Dickens and through conversationsasthisprojecttookitsfirststepsinlate2008. MaterialfromChapter2appearedinWilliamCobbett,Romanticismand theEnlightenment,ed.byJamesGrandeandJohnStevenson(Pickering& Chatto, 2015) and is reproduced by kind permission here. An early version of Chapter5 appeared in Victorian Studies 53 (2011) and is OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi vi Acknowledgements reproducedbypermissionofIndianaUniversityPress.Anearlyversionof some of Chapter6 is in Nineteenth-Century Radical Traditions: Essays in Memory of Sally Ledger (Palgrave, 2016), ed. by Joseph Bristow and JosephineMcDonagh. I would like to thank Jacqueline Baker and her colleagues at OUP for theireffortstowardsmakingthisbookappear.Mostofall,though,Ineed tothankmyfamily:PaulSmithformakingitallpossible;andPeter,Ivor, and Agnes Livesey Smith, who have all arrived at various stages of this journeyandtakenmedownthebestalternativeroutes. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi Contents ListofIllustrations ix Introduction:WritingtheStageCoachNation 1 1. WalterScottandtheStageCoachNation 27 2. RadicalismontheCross-roads:WilliamHazlittand WilliamCobbett 56 3. OntheMovewithMrPickwick 89 4. HaltingattheFingerpost:Dickens,MartinChuzzlewit, andtheRailwayFuture 122 5. CommunicatingwithJaneEyre:StageCoach,Mail, andtheToryNation 153 6. DrivingBackwithGeorgeEliot:Localityand NationalMemoryinFelixHolt,theRadical 178 Conclusion:TheEmptyRoadinDickensandHardy 206 Bibliography 221 Index 235 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,18/8/2016,SPi List of Illustrations 2.1. WilliamHeath,‘TheMarchofIntellect’(1828).©TheTrustees oftheBritishMuseum.Allrightsreserved. 59 2.2. WilliamBenbow,‘AVisittotheCottageatWindsor’ (November,1820).©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum. Allrightsreserved. 69 2.3. RichardGilsonReeve,1803–1889,afterJamesPollard, ‘TheRoyalMail’sdeparturefromtheGeneralPostOffice, London’.Aquatint,hand-coloured,YaleCenterforBritish Art,PaulMellonCollection. 76 2.4. WilliamHeath,‘TheManwotDrivestheSovereign’ (April,1829).©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum. Allrightsreserved. 80 2.5. WilliamHeath,‘TheGuardwotLooksartertheSovereign’ (April,1829).©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum. Allrightsreserved. 81 2.6. ThomasHowellJones,‘TheCatholicsovereign,safety-coach anewstartfromthecastleWindsor—aregularoutandouter’ (1829).©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum. Allrightsreserved. 82 2.7. JohnDoyle,‘Hoppositon‘Buses!’PoliticalSketches no.370(1835).©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum. Allrightsreserved. 84 2.8. JohnDoyle,‘TheRivalNewsmongers’Political Sketches,no.447(1836).©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum. Allrightsreserved. 85 2.9. WilliamHeath,‘TheManWot’sGottheWhipHand of’emAll’(May,1829).©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum. Allrightsreserved. 86 3.1. RichardGilsonReeve,1803–1889,afterJamesPollard, ‘TheRoyalMailsattheAngelInn,IslingtonontheNight ofHisMajesty’sBirthday,1828’.Aquatint,hand-coloured, reproducedbykindpermission,YaleCenterforBritishArt, PaulMellonCollection. 99 3.2. RichardGilsonReeve,1803–1889,afterJamesPollard, ‘TheMailCoachinaDriftofSnow’.Hand-coloured etchingandaquatintonwovepaper,reproducedbykind permission,YaleCenterforBritishArt,PaulMellon Collection. 101
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