T HE NEW MIDDLE AGES B ONNIE WHEELER S eries Editor T he New Middle Ages is a series dedicated to pluridisciplinary studies of medieval cultures, with particular emphasis on recuperating women’s history and on feminist and gender analyses. This peer-reviewed series includes both scholarly monographs and essay collections. P UBLISHED BY PALGRAVE: W omen in the Medieval Islamic World: Power, C rossing the Bridge: Comparative Essays on Patronage, and Piety Medieval European and Heian Japanese Women e dited by Gavin R. G. Hambly Writers e dited by Barbara Stevenson and T he Ethics of Nature in the Middle Ages: On Cynthia Ho Boccaccio’s Poetaphysics b y Gregory B. Stone E ngaging Words: The Culture of Reading in the Later Middle Ages P resence and Presentation: Women in the b y Laurel Amtower Chinese Literati Tradition R obes and Honor: The Medieval World of e dited by Sherry J. Mou Investiture T he Lost Love Letters of Heloise and Abelard: e dited by Stewart Gordon Perceptions of Dialogue in Twelfth-Century R epresenting Rape in Medieval and Early France Modern Literature b y Constant J. Mews e dited by Elizabeth Robertson and Christine M. Rose U nderstanding Scholastic Thought with Foucault b y Philipp W. Rosemann S ame Sex Love and Desire Among Women in the Middle Ages F or Her Good Estate: The Life of Elizabeth de e dited by Francesca Canadé Sautman and Burgh Pamela Sheingorn b y Frances A. Underhill S ight and Embodiment in the Middle Ages: C onstructions of Widowhood and Virginity in Ocular Desires the Middle Ages b y Suzannah Biernoff e dited by Cindy L. Carlson and Angela L isten, Daughter: The Speculum Virginum Jane Weisl a nd the Formation of Religious Women in the M otherhood and Mothering in Anglo-Saxon Middle Ages England e dited by Constant J. Mews b y Mary Dockray-Miller S cience, the Singular, and the Question of Theology L istening to Heloise: The Voice of a Twelfth- b y Richard A. Lee, Jr. Century Woman e dited by Bonnie Wheeler G ender in Debate from the Early Middle Ages to the Renaissance T he Postcolonial Middle Ages e dited by Thelma S. Fenster and Clare e dited by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen A. Lees C haucer’s Pardoner a nd Gender Theory: Bodies M alory’s Morte D’Arthur: R emaking of Discourse Arthurian Tradition b y Robert S. Sturges b y Catherine Batt T he Vernacular Spirit: Essays on Medieval T he Texture of Society: Medieval Women in Religious Literature the Southern Low Countries e dited by Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski, e dited by Ellen E. Kittell and Mary A. D uncan Robertson, and Nancy Warren Suydam P opular Piety and Art in the Late Middle C harlemagne’s Mustache: And Other Cultural Ages: Image Worship and Idolatry in England Clusters of a Dark Age 1350–1500 b y Paul Edward Dutton b y Kathleen Kamerick T roubled Vision: Gender, Sexuality, and Sight A bsent Narratives, Manuscript Textuality, and in Medieval Text and Image Literary Structure in Late Medieval England e dited by Emma Campbell and Robert b y Elizabeth Scala Mills C reating Community with Food and Drink in Q ueering Medieval Genres Merovingian Gaul b y Tison Pugh b y Bonnie Effros S acred Place in Early Medieval Neoplatonism R epresentations of Early Byzantine Empresses: b y L. Michael Harrington Image and Empire T he Middle Ages at Work b y Anne McClanan e dited by Kellie Robertson and E ncountering Medieval Textiles and Dress: Michael Uebel Objects, Texts, Images C haucer’s Jobs e dited by Désirée G. Koslin and Janet b y David R. Carlson Snyder M edievalism and Orientalism: Three Essays E leanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady on Literature, Architecture and Cultural e dited by Bonnie Wheeler and John Identity Carmi Parsons b y John M. Ganim I sabel La Católica, Queen of Castile: Critical Q ueer Love in the Middle Ages Essays b y Anna Klosowska e dited by David A. Boruchoff P erforming Women in the Middle Ages: Sex, H omoeroticism and Chivalry: Discourses of Male Gender, and the Iberian Lyric Same-Sex Desire in the Fourteenth Century b y Denise K. Filios b y Richard E. Zeikowitz N ecessary Conjunctions: The Social Self in P ortraits of Medieval Women: Family, Medieval England Marriage, and Politics in England 1225–1350 b y David Gary Shaw b y Linda E. Mitchell V isual Culture and the German Middle Ages E loquent Virgins: From Thecla to Joan of Arc e dited by Kathryn Starkey and Horst b y Maud Burnett McInerney Wenzel T he Persistence of Medievalism: Narrative M edieval Paradigms: Essays in Honor of Adventures in Contemporary Culture Jeremy duQuesnay Adams, Volumes b y Angela Jane Weisl 1 and 2 C apetian Women e dited by Stephanie Hayes-Healy e dited by Kathleen D. Nolan F alse Fables and Exemplary Truth in Later J oan of Arc and Spirituality Middle English Literature e dited by Ann W. Astell and Bonnie Wheeler b y Elizabeth Allen E cstatic Transformation: On the Uses of Alterity M indful Spirit in Late Medieval Literature: in the Middle Ages Essays in Honor of Elizabeth D. Kirk b y Michael Uebel e dited by Bonnie Wheeler S acred and Secular in Medieval and Early M edieval Fabrications: Dress, Textiles, Modern Cultures: New Essays Clothwork, and Other Cultural Imaginings e dited by Lawrence Besserman e dited by E. Jane Burns T olkien’s Modern Middle Ages W as the Bayeux Tapestry Made in France?: e dited by Jane Chance and Alfred K. Siewers The Case for St. Florent of Saumur b y George Beech R epresenting Righteous Heathens in Late Medieval England W omen, Power, and Religious Patronage in the b y Frank Grady Middle Ages b y Erin L. Jordan B yzantine Dress: Representations of Secular Dress in Eighth-to-Twelfth Century Painting H ybridity, Identity, and Monstrosity in Medieval b y Jennifer L. Ball Britain: On Difficult Middles b y Jeffrey Jerome Cohen T he Laborer’s Two Bodies: Labor and the “Work” of the Text in Medieval Britain, M edieval Go-betweens and Chaucer’s 1350–1500 Pandarus b y Kellie Robertson b y Gretchen Mieszkowski T he Dogaressa of Venice, 1250–1500: W ife and Icon T he Surgeon in Medieval English Literature b y Holly S. Hurlburt b y Jeremy J. Citrome L ogic, Theology, and Poetry in Boethius, Abelard, T emporal Circumstances: Form and History in and Alan of Lille: Words in the Absence of Things the Canterbury Tales b y Eileen C. Sweeney b y Lee Patterson T he Theology of Work: Peter Damian and the E rotic Discourse and Early English Religious Medieval Religious Renewal Movement Writing b y Patricia Ranft b y Lara Farina O n the Purification of Women: Churching in O dd Bodies and Visible Ends in Medieval Northern France, 1100–1500 Literature b y Paula M. Rieder b y Sachi Shimomura W riters of the Reign of Henry II: Twelve Essays O n Farting: Language and Laughter in the e dited by Ruth Kennedy and Simon Middle Ages Meecham-Jones b y Valerie Allen L onesome Words: The Vocal Poetics of the Old W omen and Medieval Epic: Gender, Genre, and English Lament and the African-American the Limits of Epic Masculinity Blues Song e dited by Sara S. Poor and Jana K. b y M.G. McGeachy Schulman P erforming Piety: Musical Culture in Medieval R ace, Class, and Gender in “Medieval” Cinema English Nunneries e dited by Lynn T. Ramey and b y Anne Bagnell Yardley Tison Pugh T he Flight from Desire: Augustine and Ovid to A llegory and Sexual Ethics in the High Middle Chaucer Ages b y Robert R. Edwards b y Noah D. Guynn E ngland and Iberia in the Middle Ages, M edieval Romance and the Construction of 12th-15th Century: Cultural, Literary, and Heterosexuality Political Exchanges b y Louise M. Sylvester e dited by María Bullón-Fernández C ommunal Discord, Child Abduction, and T he Medieval Chastity Belt: A Myth-Making Rape in the Later Middle Ages Process b y Jeremy Goldberg b y Albrecht Classen L ydgate Matters: Poetry and Material Culture C laustrophilia: The Erotics of Enclosure in in the Fifteenth Century Medieval Literature e dited by Lisa H. Cooper and Andrea b y Cary Howie Denny-Brown C annibalism in High Medieval English S exuality and Its Queer Discontents in Middle Literature English Literature b y Heather Blurton b y Tison Pugh T he Drama of Masculinity and Medieval S ex, Scandal, and Sermon in Fourteenth- English Guild Culture Century Spain: Juan Ruiz’s Libro de Buen b y Christina M. Fitzgerald Amor b y Louise M. Haywood C haucer’s Visions of Manhood b y Holly A. Crocker T he Erotics of Consolation: Desire and Distance in the Late Middle Ages T he Literary Subversions of Medieval Women e dited by Catherine E. Léglu and b y Jane Chance Stephen J. Milner M anmade Marvels in Medieval Culture and B attlefronts Real and Imagined: War, Border, Literature and Identity in the Chinese Middle Period b y Scott Lightsey e dited by Don J. Wyatt A merican Chaucers W isdom and Her Lovers in Medieval and b y Candace Barrington Early Modern Hispanic Literature b y Emily C. Francomano R epresenting Others in Medieval Iberian Literature P ower, Piety, and Patronage in Late Medieval b y Michelle M. Hamilton Queenship: Maria de Luna b y Nuria Silleras-Fernandez P aradigms and Methods in Early Medieval Studies e dited by Celia Chazelle and Felice I n the Light of Medieval Spain: Islam, the Lifshitz West, and the Relevance of the Past e dited by Simon R. Doubleday and T he King and the Whore: King Roderick and David Coleman, foreword by Giles La Cava Tremlett b y Elizabeth Drayson L angland’s Early Modern Identities C haucerian Aesthetics b y Sarah A. Kelen b y Peggy A. Knapp C ultural Studies of the Modern Middle Ages M emory, Images, and the English Corpus e dited by Eileen A. Joy, Myra J. Seaman, Christi Drama Kimberly K. Bell, and Mary K. Ramsey b y Theodore K. Lerud H ildegard of Bingen’s Unknown Language: An C ultural Diversity in the British Middle Ages: Edition, Translation, and Discussion Archipelago, Island, England b y Sarah L. Higley e dited by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen E xcrement in the Late Middle Ages: Sacred Filth B erenguela of Castile (1180–1246) and and Chaucer’s Fecopoetics Political Women in the High Middle Ages b y Susan Signe Morrison b y Miriam Shadis A uthority and Subjugation in Writing of J ulian of Norwich’s Legacy: Medieval Medieval Wales Mysticism and Post-Medieval Reception e dited by Ruth Kennedy and Simon e dited by Sarah Salih and Denise N. Baker Meecham-Jones M edievalism, Multilingualism, and Chaucer T he Medieval Poetics of the Reliquary: b y Mary Catherine Davidson Enshrinement, Inscription, Performance The Letters of Heloise and Abelard: A b y Seeta Chaganti Translation of Their Complete Correspondence T he Legend of Charlemagne in the Middle and Related Writings Ages: Power, Faith, and Crusade t ranslated and edited by Mary Martin e dited by Matthew Gabriele and McLaughlin with Bonnie Wheeler Jace Stuckey W omen and Wealth in Late Medieval Europe T he Poems of Oswald von Wolkenstein: An e dited by Theresa Earenfight English Translation of the Complete Works V isual Power and Fame in René d’Anjou, (1376/77–1445) Geoffrey Chaucer, and the Black Prince b y Albrecht Classen b y SunHee Kim Gertz W omen and Experience in Later Medieval G eoffrey Chaucer Hath a Blog: Medieval Writing: Reading the Book of Life Studies and New Media e dited by Anneke B. Mulder-Bakker and b y Brantley L. Bryant Liz Herbert McAvoy M argaret Paston’s Piety E thics and Eventfulness in Middle English b y Joel T. Rosenthal Literature: Singular Fortunes b y J. Allan Mitchell G ender and Power in Medieval Exegesis b y Theresa Tinkle M aintenance, Meed, and Marriage in Medieval English Literature A ntimercantilism in Late Medieval English b y Kathleen E. Kennedy Literature b y Roger A. Ladd T he Post-Historical Middle Ages e dited by Elizabeth Scala and Sylvia M agnificence and the Sublime in Medieval Federico Aesthetics: Art, Architecture, Literature, Music e dited by C. Stephen Jaeger C onstructing Chaucer: Author and Autofiction in the Critical Tradition M edieval and Early Modern Devotional Objects b y Geoffrey W. Gust in Global Perspective: Translations of the Sacred e dited by Elizabeth Robertson and Q ueens in Stone and Silver: The Creation of a Jennifer Jahner Visual Imagery of Queenship in Capetian France b y Kathleen Nolan L ate Medieval Jewish Identities: Iberia and Beyond e dited by Carmen Caballero-Navas and F inding Saint Francis in Literature and Art Esperanza Alfonso e dited by Cynthia Ho, Beth A. Mulvaney, and John K. Downey O utlawry in Medieval Literature b y Timothy S. Jones S trange Beauty: Ecocritical Approaches to Early Medieval Landscape W omen and Disability in Medieval Literature b y Alfred K. Siewers b y Tory Vandeventer Pearman T he Lesbian Premodern C ontextualizing the Muslim Other in e dited by Noreen Giffney, Michelle M. Medieval Christian Discourse Sauer, and Diane Watt e dited by Jerold C. Frakes C rafting Jewishness in Medieval England: E kphrastic Medieval Visions: A New Legally Absent, Virtually Present Discussion in Interarts Theory b y Miriamne Ara Krummel b y Claire Barbetti S treet Scenes: Late Medieval Acting and T he [European] Other in Medieval Arabic Performance Literature and Culture: Ninth-Twelfth b y Sharon Aronson-Lehavi Century AD b y Nizar F. Hermes W omen and Economic Activities in Late Medieval Ghent R eading Memory and Identity in the Texts of b y Shennan Hutton Medieval European Holy Women e dited by Margaret Cotter-Lynch and P alimpsests and the Literary Imagination of Brad Herzog Medieval England: Collected Essays e dited by Leo Carruthers, Raeleen M arket Power: Lordship, Society, and Economy Chai-Elsholz, and Tatjana Silec in Medieval Catalonia (1276–1313) b y Gregory B. Milton D ivine Ventriloquism in Medieval English Literature: Power, Anxiety, Subversion M arriage, Property, and Women’s Narratives b y Mary Hayes b y Sally A. Livingston V ernacular and Latin Literary Discourses T he Medieval Python: The Purposive and of the Muslim Other in Medieval Provocative Work of Terry Jones Germany e dited by R.F. Yeager and Toshiyuki b y Jerold C. Frakes Takamiya F airies in Medieval Romance B occaccio’s Decameron a nd the Ciceronian b y James Wade Renaissance b y Michaela Paasche Grudin and R eason and Imagination in Chaucer, the Robert Grudin Perle- poet, and the Cloud- author: Seeing from the Center S tudies in the Medieval Atlantic b y Linda Tarte Holley e dited by Benjamin Hudson T he Inner Life of Women in Medieval Romance C haucer’s Feminine Subjects: Figures of Desire in Literature: Grief, Guilt, and Hypocrisy The Canterbury Tales e dited by Jeff Rider and Jamie Friedman b y John A. Pitcher L anguage as the Site of Revolt in Medieval and W riting Medieval Women’s Lives Early Modern England: Speaking as a Woman e dited by Charlotte Newman Goldy and b y M. C. Bodden Amy Livingstone E cofeminist Subjectivities: Chaucer’s H eloise and the Paraclete: A Twelfth-Century Talking Birds Quest (forthcoming) b y Lesley Kordecki b y Mary Martin McLaughlin W RITING MEDIEVAL WOMEN’S LIVES E dited by C harlotte Newman G oldy a nd A my L ivingstone W RITING MEDIEVAL WOMEN’S LIVES C opyright © Charlotte Newman Goldy and Amy Livingstone, 2012. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2012 A ll rights reserved. F irst published in 2012 by P ALGRAVE MACMILLAN® i n the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 1 75 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. W here this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. P algrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. P algrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. I SBN 978-1-349-29605-7 ISBN 978-1-137-07470-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-07470-6 L ibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Writing medieval women’s lives / edited by Charlotte Newman Goldy and Amy Livingstone. p. cm.—(The new Middle Ages) 1. Women and literature—Europe—History—To 1500. 2. Women— History—Middle Ages, 500–1500. 3. Middle Ages—Historiography. 4. Medievalists. I. Goldy, Charlotte Newman, 1949– II. Livingstone, Amy, 1961– P N682.W6W75 2012 8 09⬘.892870902—dc23 201201810 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. F irst edition: August 2012 Transferred to Digital Printing in 2013 D edicated to our foremothers, biological and academic