World History Encyclopedia [21 volumes] PDF
Preview World History Encyclopedia [21 volumes]
How to go to your page This eBook contains 21 volumes. Each volume has its own page numbering scheme, consisting of a volume number and a page number, separated by a colon. For example, to go to page 5 of Volume 1, type Vol1:5 in the “page #” box at the top of the screen and click “Go.” To go to page 101 of Volume 11, type Vol11:101 in the “page #” box……and so forth. World History Encyclopedia VOLUME 1 An Introduction to World History VOLUME 2 Era 1: Beginnings of Human Society VOLUMES 3, 4 Era 2: Early Civilizations, 4000–1000 BCE VOLUMES 5, 6 Era 3: Classical Traditions, 1000 BCE–300 CE VOLUMES 7, 8 Era 4: Expanding Regional Civilizations, 300–1000 VOLUMES 9, 10 Era 5: Intensified Hemispheric Interactions, 1000–1500 VOLUMES 11, 12, 13 Era 6: The First Global Age, 1450–1770 VOLUMES 14, 15, 16 Era 7: The Age of Revolutions, 1750–1914 VOLUMES 17, 18 Era 8: Crisis and Achievement, 1900–1945 VOLUMES 19, 20 Era 9: Promises and Paradoxes, 1945–Present VOLUME 21 Index World History Encyclopedia An Introduction to World History Volume 1 ■ VOLUME EditOr Carolyn Neel GEnEraL EditOr Alfred J. Andrea aSSOciatE GEnEraL EditOr Carolyn Neel Copyright 2011 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, elec- tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World history encyclopedia / Alfred J. Andrea, general editor ; Carolyn Neel, associate general editor. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-85109-929-0 (hard copy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-85109-930-6 (ebook) 1. World history—Encyclopedias. 2. History—Encyclopedias. I. Andrea, Alfred J., 1941– II. Neel, Carolyn. D9.W67 2011 909—dc22 2010045324 EAN: 978-1-85109-929-0 EAN (Ebook): 978-1-85109-930-6 15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America Volume 1 Contents World History Encyclopedia Staff, vii Volume 1 Contributors, ix SEctiOn 1 Introduction and Preface What Is World History?, 1 ■■ Alfred J. Andrea and Carolyn Neel Preface: This World History Encyclopedia, 5 ■■ Alfred J. Andrea and Carolyn Neel SEctiOn 2 What Historians Do and Why They Do It Introduction, 11 ■■ Carolyn Neel How Does World History Differ from ■■ National and Regional Histories?, 13 Tom Laichas Ever-Changing Perspectives, 19 ■■ Heather Streets Picturing World History, 29 ■■ David J. Staley What Can We Learn from History? ■■ The Role of Social Scientists and Others, 41 Rick Szostak Writing World History, 47 ■■ Luigi Cajani Teaching World History in Secondary Schools, 59 ■■ Margaret Favretti SEctiOn 3 The Overarching Issues, Seeing the Big Picture Introduction, 67 ■■ Carolyn Neel Humans and the Natural World: The Long View, 69 ■■ J. R. McNeill v vi | VOLUME 1 CONTENTS A Brief History of Human Society, 77 ■■ Douglas S. Massey Regional Geography and World History, 111 ■■ Donald N. Rallis and Melina A. Patterson Migration in Human History, 173 ■■ Patrick Manning Language Evolution and the History of Languages, 183 ■■ Harald Haarmann Cosmology and Religion: ■■ The Human Quest for Meaning, 193 Todd Duncan Humans, the Tool Makers, 201 ■■ Marvin Kay Technology in World History, 207 ■■ William E. Burns The Origins of Agriculture, 215 ■■ Kevin M. McGeough Urbanization, 221 ■■ Howard Spodek The Evolution of Complex Political Organizations, 239 ■■ Paul Roscoe Industrialization in World History, 255 ■■ Carolyn Neel Globalization and World History, 265 ■■ Erik Gilbert Glossary, 275 World History Encyclopedia Staff Project Editors Production Carolyn Neel Donald Schmidt Fred Nadis Vicki Moran Josef Castañeda-Liles Christian Green Kristine Swift Writer-Editors Abraham Mendoza Media Monique Vallance Caroline Price Jonathan Sciarcon Ellen Rasmussen Project Coordinator Interns Jeanie Azizian Kevin Boehm Katie Gress Editorial Assistants Logan Craig Ashley Hyder Kimberly Peterson Acknowledgments Special thanks to the following scholars whose expertise made this project possible: William E. Burns, whose scholarship, scope of knowledge, and contributions helped shape our coverage in several eras, and Fritz Blackwell, an editor extraordinaire. We are also indebted to Candice Goucher, Harald Haarmann, Jonathan Reynolds, Jane R. McIntosh, and Eric G. Swedin. vii This page intentionally left blank
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