Table Of Content

Cover1&4_wdr2005_vol 2.qxd 13/06/2005 17:17 Page 1 Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: +(43) (1) 26060-0, Fax: +(43) (1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org W O R L D D R U G 2005 R E P O R T 2 WORLD DRUG REPORT 0 0 5 The negative impacts of the illicit drug trade touch every society Volume 2: Statistics in the world. This year's World Drug Report estimates that 200 V million people, or 5% of the global population age 15-64, have 2005 o consumed illicit drugs at least once in the last 12 months. The l WORLD DRUG REPORT u Volume 2: Statistics drug trade is pernicious and large. UNODC estimates its retail m value at US$ 321bn. It impacts almost every level of human e security from individual health, to safety and social welfare. Its 2 : consequences are especially devastating for countries with S t limited resources available to fight against it. a t i s The World Drug Report 2005 provides one of the most t i c comprehensive overviews of illicit drug trends at the s international level. In addition, this year it presents the work of UNODC in two new areas of research. Both aim to provide tools to enrich our understanding of an immensely complex situation: an estimate of the financial value of the world drug market, and the preliminary steps towards the creation of an illicit drug index. The analysis of trends, some going back 10 years or more, is presented in Volume 1. Detailed statistics are presented in Volume 2. Taken together these volumes provide the most up to date view of today's illicit drug situation. 2005 WORLD DRUG REPORT Volume 2: Statistics The Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention (UNODCCP) became the Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) on 1 October 2002. The Office on Drugs and Crime includes the United Nations International Drug Control Programme (UNDCP). United Nations Publication Sales No. E.05.XI.10 ISBN 92-1-148201-1 Volume 2 The boundaries, names and designations used in all maps in this book do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. 2005 WORLD DRUG REPORT Volume 2: Statistics Contents Volume I. Analysis Preface Explanatory notes Executive Summary CHAPTER 1: TRENDS IN WORLD DRUG MARKETS 1.1 The dynamics of the world drug market 1.1.1 How is the drug problem evolving? 1.1.2 The outlook for world drug markets 1.2 Opium / Heroin market 1.2.1 Production 1.2.2 Trafficking 1.2.3 Abuse 1.3 Coca / Cocaine market 1.3.1 Production 1.3.2 Trafficking 1.3.3 Abuse 1.4 Cannabis market 1.4.1 Production 1.4.2 Trafficking 1.4.3 Abuse 1.5 Amphetamine-type stimulants market 1.5.1 Production 1.5.2 Trafficking 1.5.3 Abuse CHAPTER 2: ESTIMATING THE VALUE OF ILLICIT DRUG MARKETS 2.1. Background 2.2 Results 2.3 Results of the individual markets 2.4 Conclusions CHAPTER 3: HIV/AIDS AND DRUGS 3.1 Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS and drug use 3.2 Drug use, sexual behaviours and HIV/AIDS 3.3 Conclusions CHAPTER 4: TOWARDS THE CREATION OF AN ILLICIT DRUG INDEX 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Methodology Volume II. Statistics CHAPTER 5: PRODUCTION 5.1 Opium / Heroin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 5.1.1 Afghanistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179 5.1.2 Myanmar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191 5.1.3 Lao PDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199 5.1.4 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204 5.2 Coca / Cocaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207 5.2.1 Colombia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209 5.2.2 Peru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217 5.2.3 Bolivia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225 5.2.4 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233 5.3 Cannabis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 5.3.1 Morocco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 5.3.2 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240 5.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241 5.4.1 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241 5.5 Other drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245 5.5.1 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245 CHAPTER 6: SEIZURES 6.1 Opiates: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .251 6.2 Cocaine: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .277 6.3 Cannabis: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286 6.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .311 CHAPTER 7: PRICES 7.1 Opiates: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .343 7.2 Cocaine: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .348 7.3 Cannabis: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .352 7.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . .357 CHAPTER 8: CONSUMPTION 8.1 Annual prevalence of drug abuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365 8.1.1 Opiates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365 8.1.2 Cocaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .367 8.1.3 Cannabis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .368 8.1.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .370 8.1.5 Ecstasy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .372 8.2 Treatment demand (primary drugs of abuse) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373 Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379 5. PRODUCTION

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Cover1&4_wdr2005_vol 2.qxd 13/06/2005 17:17 Page 1 Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: +(43) (1) 26060-0, Fax: +(43) (1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org W O R L D D R U G 2005 R E P O R T 2 WORLD DRUG REPORT 0 0 5 The negative impacts of the illicit drug trade touch every society Volume 2: Statistics in the world. This year's World Drug Report estimates that 200 V million people, or 5% of the global population age 15-64, have 2005 o consumed illicit drugs at least once in the last 12 months. The l WORLD DRUG REPORT u Volume 2: Statistics drug trade is pernicious and large. UNODC estimates its retail m value at US$ 321bn. It impacts almost every level of human e security from individual health, to safety and social welfare. Its 2 : consequences are especially devastating for countries with S t limited resources available to fight against it. a t i s The World Drug Report 2005 provides one of the most t i c comprehensive overviews of illicit drug trends at the s international level. In addition, this year it presents the work of UNODC in two new areas of research. Both aim to provide tools to enrich our understanding of an immensely complex situation: an estimate of the financial value of the world drug market, and the preliminary steps towards the creation of an illicit drug index. The analysis of trends, some going back 10 years or more, is presented in Volume 1. Detailed statistics are presented in Volume 2. Taken together these volumes provide the most up to date view of today's illicit drug situation. 2005 WORLD DRUG REPORT Volume 2: Statistics The Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention (UNODCCP) became the Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) on 1 October 2002. The Office on Drugs and Crime includes the United Nations International Drug Control Programme (UNDCP). United Nations Publication Sales No. E.05.XI.10 ISBN 92-1-148201-1 Volume 2 The boundaries, names and designations used in all maps in this book do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. 2005 WORLD DRUG REPORT Volume 2: Statistics Contents Volume I. Analysis Preface Explanatory notes Executive Summary CHAPTER 1: TRENDS IN WORLD DRUG MARKETS 1.1 The dynamics of the world drug market 1.1.1 How is the drug problem evolving? 1.1.2 The outlook for world drug markets 1.2 Opium / Heroin market 1.2.1 Production 1.2.2 Trafficking 1.2.3 Abuse 1.3 Coca / Cocaine market 1.3.1 Production 1.3.2 Trafficking 1.3.3 Abuse 1.4 Cannabis market 1.4.1 Production 1.4.2 Trafficking 1.4.3 Abuse 1.5 Amphetamine-type stimulants market 1.5.1 Production 1.5.2 Trafficking 1.5.3 Abuse CHAPTER 2: ESTIMATING THE VALUE OF ILLICIT DRUG MARKETS 2.1. Background 2.2 Results 2.3 Results of the individual markets 2.4 Conclusions CHAPTER 3: HIV/AIDS AND DRUGS 3.1 Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS and drug use 3.2 Drug use, sexual behaviours and HIV/AIDS 3.3 Conclusions CHAPTER 4: TOWARDS THE CREATION OF AN ILLICIT DRUG INDEX 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Methodology Volume II. Statistics CHAPTER 5: PRODUCTION 5.1 Opium / Heroin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 5.1.1 Afghanistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179 5.1.2 Myanmar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191 5.1.3 Lao PDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199 5.1.4 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204 5.2 Coca / Cocaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207 5.2.1 Colombia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209 5.2.2 Peru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217 5.2.3 Bolivia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225 5.2.4 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233 5.3 Cannabis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 5.3.1 Morocco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 5.3.2 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240 5.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241 5.4.1 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241 5.5 Other drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245 5.5.1 Seizures of illicit laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245 CHAPTER 6: SEIZURES 6.1 Opiates: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .251 6.2 Cocaine: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .277 6.3 Cannabis: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286 6.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants: Seizures, 1998-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .311 CHAPTER 7: PRICES 7.1 Opiates: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .343 7.2 Cocaine: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .348 7.3 Cannabis: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .352 7.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants: Wholesale, street prices and purity levels . . . .357 CHAPTER 8: CONSUMPTION 8.1 Annual prevalence of drug abuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365 8.1.1 Opiates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365 8.1.2 Cocaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .367 8.1.3 Cannabis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .368 8.1.4 Amphetamine-type stimulants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .370 8.1.5 Ecstasy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .372 8.2 Treatment demand (primary drugs of abuse) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373 Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379 5. PRODUCTION

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