World Checklist of Fish and Invertebrates Listed in the CITES Appendices

188 Pages·1993·6 MB·English

by  WCMC

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Checklist of
and
fish invertebrates
listed in the
CITES
appendices
compiled by the
World Conservation Monitoring Centre
WORLDCONSERVATION
MONITORINGCENTRE
on behalf of the
United Kingdom Scientific Authority for Animals
Prepared under contract from theJoint Nature Conservation Committee by the World Conservation
Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK. Established in 1988 as a company hmitedby guarantee with
charitable status, WCMC is managed as ajoint-venturebetween the three partners in the World Conservation
Strategy and its successor Caring For The Earth: lUCN - The World Conservation Union, UNEP - United
Nations Environment Programme, and WWF - World Wide Fund for Nature. Its mission is to provide
informationon the status, security, management and utilisationofthe world'sbiological diversity, and
thereby to support conservation and sustainable development.
Publishedby: Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Copyright: 1993 Joint Nature Conservation Committee
ISBN: 1st editionpublished 1988 ISBN 0-86139-466-6
2nd editionpublished 1993 ISBN 1-873701-47-0
Citation: World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1993). Checklist offish and invertebrates
listed in the CITES appendices. Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough.
Available from: Further copies and companionvolumes forother animal species available from:
Natural History Book Service Ltd
2 Wills Road
Totnes
Devon TQ9 5XN
United Kingdom
Telephone (from UK): 0803 865913
Telephone (from outside UK): -1-44 803 865913
The designationsofgeographical entities in this book, and the presentation ofthe material, do not imply the
expression ofany opinionwhatsoever on the part ofJNCC or WCMC concerning the legal status ofany
country, territory, or area, or ofits authorities, or concerning the delimitationofits frontiers orboundaries.
Contents
Preface MESOGASTROPODA
Acknowledgements 1 Strombidae 24
EIxntprloadnuacttoiroynnotes iiiii REFERENCES - NON-CORAL
Introductory references vii INVERTEBRATES 25
—
Taxonomic list - Fish Taxonomic list Black Corals
CERATODIFORMES ANTIPATHARIA
Ceratodidae Antipathidae
COELACANTHIFORMES REFERENCES — BLACK CORALS
Latimeriidae
—
Taxonomiclist Hard Corals
ACIPENSERIFORMES

Preface Acknowledgements
This checklist is ofone ofa series prepared forthe Thischecklist was compiled by the World
United Kingdom's Scientific Authority for Animals Conservation Monitoring Centre under contract
to assist in implementing the Convention on F71-12-56 from theJoint Nature Conservation
International Trade in Endangered Species ofWild Committee. The authors forparticular taxonomic
Fauna and Flora (CITES). Similar checklists are groupswere:
available for other animal taxa.
Helen Corrigan (fish)
The aim ofthis volume is to provide a summary JulieHawkins (black corals)
ofbasic information on all species offish and Tim Inskipp (all taxa)
invertebrates listed in CITES. Other volumes in Helen Smith (non-coral invertebrates)
the series have also included species listed in the Elizabeth Wood (hard corals)
lUCNRedList ofThreatenedAnimals compiledby
the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. The volumebuildson an earlier edition, and we
However the Red Listcoverage is far from gratefully acknowledge the numerous contributors
complete for fish and invertebrates so, in this to that edition, particularly the authors: Patricia C.
volume. Red List categories are mentioned only Almada-Villela (compiler); N. Mark Collins
for those species listed in CITES. (Insecta and Araneae); Tim Inskipp (all taxa) and
Simon J. Moore (Antipatharia).
Thisvolume, containingas itdoes English
vernacular, scientific synonymsand a list of For their assistance in producing the current
WCMC
coimtries in which a taxon occurs, should provide edition, the following staffare also
avaluable aid to those assessing applicationsfor thanked: Duncan Bennett, Esther Byford, Lorraine
CITES permits orwith an interest in taxonomy, Collins, Mary Cordiner, John Easy, Vanessa
nomenclature and distributionofthe groups Heywood, Richard Luxmoore, Julie Reay and
included. For corals, this volumewill provide the Lindsay Simpson.
most up-to-datecompilation ofinformationon
taxonomy and nomenclature, although this is The Natural History Museum (London) provided
inevitably incompleteespecially at the species access to information on taxonomy and distribution
level. for material held in their collections.
TheJoint Nature Conservation Committee is most David Morgan oftheJNCC International Policy
grateftil to the World Conservation Monitoring Branch is thanked for providingexpert adviceand
Centre forpreparing thiswork on itsbehalf. guidance throughout.
Lord Selbome Timothy Johnson
Chairman, JointNature Conservation Committee Head, Species Unit
MonkstoneHouse World Conservation MonitoringCentre
City Road 219 Huntingdon Road
Peterborough Cambridge
PEl IJY CB3 ODL
United Kingdom United Kingdom
Introduction
In April 1991, the Nature Conservancy Council Nevertheless, this second edition contains
for England, Countryside Council for Wales and substantially more material than the first edition
Scottish Natural Heritage acting togetherthrough (Almada-Villela, 1988), reflecting changes to the
theJoint Nature Conservation Committee were CITES Appendices up to and including those made
appointed by the Secretary ofState for the at the 8th Meeting ofthe Conference ofthe Parties
Environment as the United Kingdom's Scientific in March 1992 (effective from 11 June 1992).
Authority for Animals under the Conventionon
InternationalTrade in Endangered Species ofWild For background material on the rationale ofthe
Fauna and Flora (CITES). CITES regulates lUCN threat categories, readers are referred to
international trade in wild animals and plantsand lUCN (1990); for background on the workingsof
in productsderived from them, to help to ensure CITES, recommended works are Favre (1989) and
their conservation on a worldwide scale. Wijnstekers (1992). For information by country
on the diversity and statusoffish, invertebrates
The purpose ofthis publication is to providea and other taxonomic groups, and for a general
taxon list offish and invertebrates included in review ofbiodiversity, readers are referred to
WCMC
Appendices I, II and III ofthe Convention on (1992).
InternationalTrade in Endangered Species ofWild
Fauna and Flora (CITES). The other checklists in In a publication ofthisnature, it is inevitable that
this series, covering mammals, birds, reptiles and users will discover entries that need correcting or
amphibians, also includeall species from each of updating. The publisherswould be gratefiil if
these groups that are listed in the 1990lUCNRed theirattentioncould be drawn to these entries, and
List ofThreatenedAnimals. Thischecklistoffish the World Conservation MonitoringCentre would
and invertebrates differs in providingdata only for be grateful to receive details ofsuch changes so
those taxa listed on the CITES Appendices. that they can be incorporated in the database from
which this publication is produced.
The rationale for treating fish and invertebrates
differently from the other groups is that both are
highly diverse, and neither has yet been
comprehensively assessed for conservation status.
The majority ofspecies has therefore not been
assigned an lUCN threat category and
consequently the Red Listcontainsonly a small
sample ofthe species from these groups that may
be threatened. Despite this, the numbers of
species ofthese two groups in the Red List are
large: 713 fish and 1,977 invertebrates in the 1990
edition. Includingall these in the checklist would
greatly expand itwithoutprovidingcomprehensive
species coverage ofthe groups involved.
Explanatory notes
Scientific names
The taxonomic scope and sequence oforders Dendrobrachiidae. Opresko and Bayer (1991)
followsthe system adopted in the Appendices to subsequently reclassified the Dendrobrachiidae
CITES. For each taxon, the scientific name is placing this monotypic family in the Gorgonacea.
given first (as listed in the CITES Appendices), There are no known records oftrade for this
with the most frequently used current synonyms in family and it is not included in thischecklist.
brackets. No standard nomenclature has been
adopted by CITES for fish or invertebrates, with Hard corals
theexception ofthe birdwingbutterflies, for which Lists for genera and species ofhermatypic reef
D'Abrera (1975) is followed. corals occurring in the Indo-Pacific have been
compiled by reference to recent publicationsby
Fish
Veron (1985, 1986, 1990a,b,c) and Veron et al.
(1976, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1988, 1989).
Where the CITES nomenclature differs from that
These studies cover the central Indo-Pacific area
used in Nelson (1984) and Parent! (1981), the and details ofadditional species occurring outside
synonymy used by theseworks has been noted.
thisarea have been obtained, for example, from
publicationsby Sheppard and Sheppard (1991)
Non-coral invertebrates
(Red Sea and Arabian GulO, and Wells (1972,
1982, 1983) (Central and Eastern Pacific). Lists
The systematics ofinvertebrates has been the
for genera and species ofWestern Atlantic reef
subjectofnumerous studies, and the nomenclature corals have been compiled by reference to a
ofthe CITES listings may differ from the latest number ofkey publications, forexample by Cairns
scientific reviews. In particular, there have been (1982a), Laborel (1970) and Wells and Lang
extensive revisionsofthe papilionidtribe Troidini (1973). Both reefand non-reefcorals ofthe USA
and the pearly mussels ofthe family Unionidae. are listed in a bookletproduced by the American
Miller(1987) revised the taxonomy ofthe Fisheries Society (1991). The taxonomy ofdeep
Troidini, unitingall birdwingbutterflies in the water (ahermatypic) and temperate water
single genus Troides with two subgenera: Troides scleractinian and stylasterid corals has been
(including Troides, Ripponia and Ornithoptera) investigated in recent years principally by Cairns
and Trogonoptera. Similarly, the Unionidae (1979, 1982b, 1983a,b,c, 1984, 1985, 1986a,b,
taxonomy was revised by Johnson (1978), 1987a,b, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991a-e), Zibrowias
reducing many ofthe Epioblasma species to (1973, 1974a,b, 1980) and Zibrowius et al. (1977,
synonymy and reinstating the generic name 1990, 1992) and these references have been used
Plagiola. Other species in the same family were extensively in the preparation ofthe checklist.
reviewed by Johnson (1980). To help address the
problems caused by the complexity ofthe Reefgenera distributionrecords have been
taxonomy ofthe North American molluscs, provided as far as possibleby country and
Turgeon et al (1988) produced a standard list of references are given to relevant publications.
common and scientific names for all the fresh Countries cited withoutreference numbers fall
water molluscsofthe United States and Canada. within the distributionrange shown in general
Wherever possible, the names used in this and the reviews e.g. Veron (1986) and Wood (1983).
other taxonomic revisions discussed above are However, this assumption will not invariably be
cross-referenced in the index. trueand, in a few instances, the genus may not
occur. For example, Brunei fallswithin the range
Black corals for many genera and so is listed, but reefs in this
country are poorly developed, so the listings may
The latest major taxonomic revision ofthe be incorrect. Conversely, some countries (e.g.
Antipathariawas made by Opresko (1974). and Pakistan) are not listed, butmay have coral
forms thebasis ofthis list, updated with more communities. Exclusively deep water and
recent works. Although some workers have split deep/shallow water genera distribution(e.g.
the Antipatharia intoa numberoffamilies, caryophylliids, dendrophylliidsand stylasterids)
Opresko considered that there were only two are listed only by general geographic area. Many
families, the Antipathidaeand the occur offthe edge ofthe continental shelf.
English names
The most widelyused Englishcommon names CT Commercially threatened
appear on the line immediately followingthe not listed: note this includes species which
scientific name and synonyms, belowwhich the have not yet been evaluated for threatened
geographical range is indicated. The common status as well as thosewhich have been
names used havebeen taken from lUCN (1990) evaluated and found not to be threatened.
and from a number ofstandard reference works
for fish and invertebrates ofparticular regions. References
Secondary common names have been included
wherever thiswas considered usefiil, including The numbers in the right-handcolumn refer to
non-Englishnames commonly used by English entries in the reference listat the end ofeach
speakers. section ofthe document. Many ofthese are
general works relevant to more than one country
Other information or concerned with particulargroups ofspecies.
Singlecountry faunas and more specific references
The three columns headed - CITES, RL and Ref, have generally been inserted in brackets after the
listthe following information foreach taxon. appropriate country in the listings for geographical
range.
CITES
Geographical Range
I, or II in thiscolumn refers to the appendix on
which the taxon is listed under the Conventionon The geographical range ofeach taxon is given in
International Trade in Endangered Species ofWild terms ofpolitical units arranged alphabetically.
Fauna and Flora. The letters (eq) after an Small island dependencies, are also listed
Appendix II entry denote that the populationis on alphabetically. Where appropriate, islandswithin
Appendix II subject to an export quota. groups are listed after a colon, e.g. Indonesia:
Java. The same principle is applied whenever the
RL
distributionofa taxon is given in terms ofunits
smaller than the country concerned.
The status ofthe listed species is taken from the Place-names and names ofcountries followthe
1990lUCNRedList ofThreatenedAnimals. The Times Atlas (1990) and United Nations (1991).
Red List is a summary ofinformation on all taxa
known to be at risk. Additional information can It should be noted that, when a country is listed as
be found in the lUCNRedData Book Vol. 4: being a range state ofa species, the species may
Pisces (Miller, 1977), the lUCNInvertebrate Red not occur throughout the country, and may even
Data Book (Wells et al., 1983), Threatened occur in only one or a few localities within the
SwallowtailButterflies ofthe World (Collinsand country.
Morris, 1985), togetherwith unpublished data
Published records ofdistributionhave been used.
sheets for North American fish taxa dated 1983,
Many taxonomic works give the range ofa taxon
1984 and 1985 held at the World Conservation
in terms ofbroad geographical areas, rather than
Monitoring Centre.
ofpolitical units. Individual countries may have a
relatively well-known and well-reported fish or
Red List (RL) threat categories followthose given
in the 1990lUCNRedList ofThreatened Animals, invertebrate fauna, but others do not, and
which also provides explanation ofthe categories: inevitably it has not been possible to access all
reference works. These factors may occasionally
Ex Extinct
E Endangered have resulted in some ofthe geographical ranges
V Vulnerable given here being incomplete or inaccurate,
R Rare although every effort has been made to prevent
Id Indeterminate (given as "I" in lUCN Red this.
List, but modified here to avoid confusion
with the CITES "I" entry)
K Insufficientlyknown
S Ofspecial concern