Words Are Weapons Y al e U ni v er sit y Pr e s s/ F or r e vi e w p ur p o s e s o nl y Words Are Y al e WU eapons ni v er sit y Pr e s s/ F Inside ISIS’s Rhore rtoric of Terror e vi e w p ur p o s e s o nl y Philippe-Joseph Salazar Translation by Dorna Khazeni New Haven & London Published with assistance from the foundation established in memory of Amasa Stone Mather of the Class of 1907, Yale College. English translation copyright © 2017 by Yale University. Originally pYublished as Paroles armées: Comprendre et combattre la propagande ale terroriste. © Lemieux Éditeur, 2015. Published byU arrangement with Patricia Pasqualini Literary Agency. ni v er sitAll rights reserved. y Pr This book may not be reprodeuced, in whole or in part, including illustra- s tions, in any form (beyond that cso/ pying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 F of the U.S. Copyright Law and excoerp tr by reviewers for the public press), without written permissione from the publishers. vi e Yale University Press books may be purchaswe dp in quantity for educational, business, or promotional use. For informuartion, please e-mail p o [email protected] (U.S. office) or [email protected] (U.K. office). e s o Set in Janson Roman type by Integrated Publishingn Slolutions. y Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Control Number: 2016963572 ISBN 978-0-300-22322-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Erik Doxtader, who pointed out that ISIS is the doubling in capital letters of the verb to be in the third person: ISIS, is, is, is, is . . . Y al e U ni v er sit y Pr e s s/ F or r e vi e w p ur p o s e s o nl y Y al e U ni v er sit y Pr e s s/ F or r e vi e w p ur p o s e s o nl y Contents Y al e U ni v er sit y Pr e PsROLOGUE s/ The Caliphate’s RFhetorical Power 1 or r e vi ONE e The Caliph Speakws 15 p ur p o s TWO e s Naming the Territory of Terror 2o7 nl y THREE “Terrorism,” Linguistic Subversion 40 FOUR Digital Caliphate 56 FIVE Strongspeak vs. Weakspeak 73 Contents SIX The Jihadist Aesthetic 86 SEVEN Caliphal Feminism 99 EIGHT Warrior Virility 109 NINE Y Islamic Porno-Politics 117 al e U ni TEN v Ienrexplicable Terrorist? 131 sit y Pr eELEVEN s How Our Discourse so/ n Terror Is Controlled 146 F or r e TWELVvEi e Jihadist Populismw 158 p ur p o THIRTEEN s e A Radical Hostility 170 s o nl y EPILOGUE Paris, November 13, 2015: A Comprehensive Lesson in Strategy 189 Notes 207 Index 233 viii Words Are Weapons Y al e U ni v er sit y Pr e s s/ F or r e vi e w p ur p o s e s o nl y Y al e U ni v er sit y Pr e s s/ F or r e vi e w p ur p o s e s o nl y