PerformanceInterventions Series Editors: Elaine Aston, University of Lancaster, and Bryan Reynolds, UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine Performance Interventions is a series of monographs and essay collections on theatre,performance,andvisualculturethatshareanunderlyingcommitment to the radical and political potential of the arts in our contemporary moment, orgiveconsiderationtoperformanceandtovisualculturefromthepastdeemed crucial to a social and political present. Performance Interventions moves trans- versallyacrossartisticandideologicalboundariestopublishworkthatpromotes dialoguebetweenpractitionersandacademics,andinteractionsbetweenperform- ancecommunities,educationalinstitutions,andacademicdisciplines. Titlesinclude: AlanAckermanandMartinPuchner(editors) AGAINSTTHEATRE CreativeDestructionsontheModernistStage ElaineAstonandGeraldineHarris(editors) FEMINISTFUTURES? Theatre,Performance,Theory LeslieHillandHelenParis(editors) PERFORMANCEANDPLACE MelissaSihra(editor) WOMENINIRISHDRAMA ACenturyofAuthorshipandRepresentation Forthcomingtitles: LynetteGoddard STAGINGBLACKFEMINISMS Identity,Politics,Performance AmeliaM.Kritzer POLITICALTHEATREINPOST-THATCHERBRITAIN PerformanceInterventions Series Standing Order ISBN978-1-4039-4443-6 Hardback 978-1-4039-4444-3 Paperback(outsideNorthAmericaonly) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standingorder.Pleasecontactyourbookselleror,incaseofdifficulty,writetous attheaddressbelowwithyournameandaddress,thetitleoftheseriesandthe ISBNquotedabove. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XS,England MáireHastingsasAgnesandStellaMcCuskerasJulieinthe1994AbbeyTheatre productionofTheMaibyMarinaCarr.PeacockStage.Photo:bykindpermission ofAmeliaStein Women in Irish Drama A Century of Authorship and Representation Editedby Melissa Sihra Forewordby Marina Carr Selectionandeditorialmatter©MelissaSihra2007 Foreword©MarinaCarr2007 Preface©JanelleReinelt2007 Individualchapters©contributors2007 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2007 978-0-230-00647-8 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noparagraphofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, 90TottenhamCourtRoad,LondonW1T4LP. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorisedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentified astheauthorsofthisworkinaccordancewiththeCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2007by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN Houndmills,Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XSand 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,N.Y.10010 Companiesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld PALGRAVEMACMILLANistheglobalacademicimprintofthePalgrave MacmillandivisionofSt.Martin’sPress,LLCandofPalgraveMacmillanLtd. Macmillan(cid:2)isaregisteredtrademarkintheUnitedStates,UnitedKingdom andothercountries.PalgraveisaregisteredtrademarkintheEuropean Unionandothercountries. ISBN 978-0-230-57791-6 ISBN 978-0-230-80145-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230801455 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData WomeninIrishdrama:acenturyofauthorshipandrepresentation/edited byMelissaSihra;forewordbyMarinaCarr. p. cm.“(Performanceinterventions) AcollectionofessaysaboutIrishwomenplaywrights. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. 1. Englishdrama“Irishauthors“Historyandcriticism. 2. English drama“Womenauthors“Historyandcriticism. 3. Englishdrama“ 20thcentury“Historyandcriticism. 4. Womeninliterature. 5. Women andliterature“Ireland“History“20thcentury. 6. Feminismand literature“Ireland“History“20thcentury. I. Sihra,Melissa,1973(cid:3) PR8789.W582007 822’.91099287“dc22 2006047822 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 For my Mother, Margaret, and Grandmother, Kathleen Oh,whatevermenmaysay Oursisthewideandopenway. Oh,whatevermenmaydream Wehavetheblueairandthestream. Menhavegottheirtowersandwalls, Wehavecliffsandwaterfalls. Oh,whatevermenmaydo Oursisthegoldairandtheblue. Menhavegottheirpompandpride– Allthegreenworldisonourside. Women’sRights, EvaGore-Booth,1929 Contents ListofIllustrations ix ForewordbyMarinaCarr x PrefacebyJanelleReinelt xii Acknowledgements xv NotesonContributors xvii Introduction:FiguresattheWindow 1 Melissa Sihra INTERCHAPTERI:1900–1939 23 Cathy Leeney 1 WomanasFantasyObjectinLadyGregory’sHistorical Tragedies 28 Paul Murphy 2 WritingWomenforaModernIreland:GeraldineCummins andSusanneDay 42 Velma O’Donoghue Greene 3 The Space Outside: Images of Women in Plays by Eva Gore-BoothandDorothyMacardle 55 Cathy Leeney 4 TakingtheirOwnRoad:TheFemaleProtagonistsinThree IrishPlaysbyWomen 69 Lisa Fitzpatrick INTERCHAPTERII:1940–1969 87 Melissa Sihra 5 From Matron to Matrix: Gender, Authority and (Dis)embodimentinBeckett’sTheatre 97 Anna McMullan vii viii Contents 6 Beyond the Pale: Neglected Northern Irish Women Playwrights,AliceMilligan,HelenWaddellandPatricia O’Connor 109 Mark Phelan 7 Meta-Physicality:WomenCharactersinthePlaysofFrank McGuinness 130 Eamonn Jordan 8 DeadWomenWalking:TheFemaleBodyasaSiteforWar inStewartParker’sNorthernStar 144 Rachel O’Riordan INTERCHAPTERIII:1970–2005 151 Melissa Sihra 9 WomeninRooms:LandscapesoftheMissinginAnne Devlin’sOurselvesAlone 160 Enrica Cerquoni 10 StagingtheLiminalinÉilísNíDhuibhne’sDúnnamBan TríThine(TheFortoftheFairyWomenisOnFire) 175 Anthony Roche 11 Sick, Dying, Dead, Dispersed: The Evanescence of PatriarchyinContemporaryIrishWomen’sTheatre 186 Brian Singleton 12 TheHouseofWomanandthePlaysofMarinaCarr 201 Melissa Sihra Afterword:TheActandtheWordbyOlwenFouéré 219 Appendix 221 Index 231 List of Illustrations Frontispiece:MáireHastingsasAgnesandStellaMcCuskeras Julieinthe1994AbbeyTheatreproductionofTheMai byMarinaCarr.PeacockStage.Photo:bykindpermission ofAmeliaStein ii 1 MaudGonneinKathleenniHoulihan(1902).Courtesyof TheAbbeyTheatre 7 2 LadyAugustaGregoryinKathleenniHoulihan(1919). CourtesyofTheAbbeyTheatre 8 3 StageManagementRecordsofTheWomanbyMargaret O’Leary,10September1929.CourtesyoftheAbbey Theatre 76 4 Jeananne Crowley as Katie Roche and Bill Foley as StanislausGregginthe1975AbbeyTheatreproductionof KatieRoche byTeresaDeevy.Photo:CourtesyofFergus Bourke 89 5 Patricia O’Connor (left). Photo: Courtesy of Lecale HistoricalSociety 118 6 BrendaWinter,EleanorMethvenandMarieJonesinthe 1983CharabancTheatreCompanyproductionofLayUp YourEnds,ArtsTheatreBelfast.Photo:CourtesyofChris HillPhotography 154 7 OlwenFouéréinChairbyOperatingTheatreCompanyin 2001.PeacockStage.Photo:bykindpermissionofAmelia Stein 157 8 Ali White as Magda in the 2003 Abbey Theatre productionofDoldrumBay byHilaryFannin.Peacock Stage.Photo:CourtesyofTomLawlor 188 9 DerbhleCrottyasPortiainthe1996AbbeyTheatre productionofPortiaCoughlanbyMarinaCarr.Peacock Stage.Photo:bykindpermissionofAmeliaStein 209 ix