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Women in Audio PDF

335 Pages·2019·31.536 MB·English
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Women in Audio Women in Audio features almost 100 profiles and stories of audio engineers who are women and have achieved success throughout the history of the trade. Beginning with a historical view, the book covers the achievements of women in various audio professions and then focuses on organizations that support and train women and girls in the industry. What follows are eight chapters divided by discipline, highlighting accomplished women in various audio fields: radio; sound for film and television; music recording and electronic music; hardware and software design; acoustics; live sound and sound for theater; education; audio for games, virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality, as well as immersive sound. Women in Audio is a valuable resource for professionals, educators, and students looking to gain insight into the careers of trailblazing women in audio-related fields and represents required reading for those looking to add diversity to their music technology programs. Leslie Gaston-Bird (AMPS, MPSE) is an audio engineer, Governor-at-Large for the Audio Engineering Society, and member of the Recording Academy. She has worked for National Public Radio (Washington, D.C.), Colorado Public Radio, the Colorado Symphony Orchestra, Post Modern Company, and the University of Colorado Denver. Audio Engineering Society Presents . . . www.aes.org Editorial Board Chair: Francis Rumsey, Logophon Ltd. Hyun Kook Lee, University of Huddersfield Natanya Ford, University of West England Kyle Snyder, University of Michigan Handbook for Sound Engineers Hack Audio Edited by Glen Ballou An Introduction to Computer Programming and Digital Signal Processing in MATLAB Audio Production and Critical Listening Eric Tarr Jason Corey Loudspeakers Recording Orchestra and Other Classical For Music Recording and Reproduction Music Ensembles Philip Newell and Keith Holland Richard King Beep to Boom Recording Studio Design The Development of Advanced Runtime Philip Newell Sound Systems for Games and Extended Reality Modern Recording Techniques Simon N Goodwin David Miles Huber Intelligent Music Production Immersive Sound Brecht De Man, Ryan Stables, and Joshua D. The Art and Science of Binaural and Reiss Multi-Channel Audio Edited by Agnieszka Roginska and Paul Women in Audio Geluso Leslie Gaston-Bird For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/Audio-Engineering- Society-Presents/book-series/AES Women in Audio Leslie Gaston-Bird First published 2020 by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2020 Taylor & Francis The right of Leslie Gaston-Bird to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book has been requested ISBN: 978-1-138-31601-0 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-138-31599-0 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-45594-0 (ebk) Typeset in Minion Pro by Apex CoVantage, LLC Visit the companion website: WomenInAudioBook.com I dedicate this book to everyone who has shared their story with me. Thank you for your enthusiasm, spark, passion, and trust. I would also like to dedicate this book to a number of people in my life: To the loving memory of my mother, Frances Gaston. To the memories of Joan Lowe, Marie Louise Killick, and Robin Coxe-Yeldham. To Kellie Gaston Dixon, my sister, and Ryan Dixon, my nephew. To my father, Berdell Gaston, who taught me how to thread a tape machine when I was a little girl. To my mentors, Wayne Jackson, David Pickett, Pamela Laird, Judith Coe, the late Rich Sanders, and the late Roy Pritts. To my daughter, Kira, who wants to be a veterinarian and a ballerina, and to my son, Zachary, who wants to be an automotive engineer, and who both have my unending support in whatever career path they choose. And finally to my loving husband, Andy, who provided me with encourage- ment and watched the kids while I conducted interviews and finished the book. Contents ContentsContents List of Figures and Tables ix Introduction x Preface xi To the Young Reader xv Acknowledgments xvii CHAPTER 1 History 1 Women in Early Audio History 1 Women in Talking Pictures 12 The Emerging Record Industry 14 World War II 15 Postwar Women in Audio 19 The 1960s 26 1970s Second-Wave Feminism and Women’s Music 32 The 1980s 42 The 1990s 47 The 21st Century 52 CHAPTER 2 Outreach: Organizations and Current Initiatives 67 CHAPTER 3 Radio and Podcasts 93 CHAPTER 4 Sound for Television and Film 106 Careers in Sound for Film and Television 106 Women in Location Sound 110 Women in Post-Production 115 CHAPTER 5 Music Recording and Electronic Music 131 Defining Roles 131 Electronic Music 131 viii Contents Producers 140 Mastering Engineers 153 Recording Engineers 166 Other Women in Music Recording 174 CHAPTER 6 Hardware and Software Design 177 CHAPTER 7 Acoustics and Design 209 CHAPTER 8 Live and Theater Sound 223 CHAPTER 9 Education 243 A Brief History of Audio Education 243 CHAPTER 10 Games, Immersive Sound, and Audio for Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality 260 About the Author 285 Glossary 288 Recommended Reading 292 Appendix 1 294 Appendix 2 299 Index 307 Figures and Tables Figures 1.1 Percentage of women across three creative roles in the music industry 60 1.2 Number of women of color among women in creative music industry roles 60 3.1 Optimod broadcast processing signal flow 99 5.1 Average RMS levels of hottest pop music CDs 1980–2000 165 5.2 Percentage of adolescent females with HFHL by degree and year (1985–2008) 165 6.1 Geometrical harmonies in the perfect solids from Harmonices Mundi (1619) 180 6.2 A screenshot of a Kyma patch 185 6.3 List of films released with LC Concept sound 195 6.4 Diagram of the Sapphox stylus from the patent specification 201 7.1 A-, B-, C-, and D-weighting curves 211 7.2 Patent US2292387A “Secret communication system” 215 10.1 Visual representation of the Ambisonic B-format components up to third order (starting with zero) 269 Tables 1.1 US Working Women Data 1,2. U. S. Working Women: A Databook 1950–1976, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D. C., 1977 45 A2.1 List of organizations for girls and women in audio 299

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