Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present

843 Pages·2006·5.49 MB·English

by  Bernard A. Cook

W o m e n
a n d W a r

W o m e n
a n d W a r
A Historical Encyclopedia
from Antiquity to the Present
v o l u m e o n e
B e r n a r d A . C o o k , E d i t o r
Santa Barbara, California Denver, Colorado Oxford, England
Copyright © 2006 by ABC-CLIO
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
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ISBN 1-85109-770-8 1-85109-775-9 (e-book)
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To my children, Bernie and Jennifer;
their spouses, Jen and Bora;
and my grandchildren, Lucy and Emmett

C o n t e n t s
Foreword, Judith Lawrence Bellafaire, xxvii
Acknowledgments, xxix
Introduction, Bernard A. Cook, xxxi
Topic Finder, xxxix
V O L U M E O N E
A
Addams, Jane (1860–1935), 1
Afghanistan, 2
Agustina de Aragón (née Agustina Zaragoza y Domenech) (1786–1857), 4
AIDS, War and the Spread of, 6
Aishah (Aisha) (ca. 614–648), 7
Alexandra, Czarina of Russia (1872–1918), 8
Algeria, Women in the War of National Liberation, 9
Allen, Eliza (b. 1826), 11
Amazons, 12
American Revolution, Role of Women in the, 13
Andean Rebellion of the Eighteenth Century, 15
Anderson, Louisa Garrett (1873–1943), 18
Arab-Israeli Wars, 19
| vii |
Contents
Argentina, Dirty War against Civilians, 22
Argentina, Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, 24
Armenian Holocaust, 26
Armenian Women Victims of Genocide, 29
Artemisia of Caria, 31
Ashwari, Hanan (1946– ), 32
Ashwell, Lena Margaret Pocock (1872–1957), 33
Atkins, Vera H. (1908–2000), 34
Aubrac, Lucie (b. 1912), 35
Australia, Women in Service during World War II, 36
Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS)/Royal Australian Army Nursing
Corps (RAANC), 37
Avenger Field, 38
“Axis Sally” (Mildred Elizabeth Gillars) (1901–1988), 39
Azurduy de Padilla, Juana (1781–1862), 40
B
Baader-Meinhof Gang, 43
Baez, Joan Chandos (1941– ), 44
Bagot, Lady Theodosia (1865–1940), 46
Bailey, Anne Trotter (ca. 1742–1825), 46
Baissac, Lise de (1905–2004), 48
Baker, E. H. (Mrs.) (n.d.), 48
Balch, Emily Green (1867–1961), 49
Balkan Wars, 50
Ballestrem-Solf, Countess Lagi (ca. 1919–1955), 52
Barry, James Miranda (1795–1865), 53
Barton, Clara (1821–1912), 54
Baseden, Yvonne (1922– ), 56
Baumgartner, Ann (b. 1918), 57
| viii |
Contents
Beatty, Bessie (1886–1947), 58
Beekman, Yolande (1911–1944), 59
Belgium, Women during World War I, 60
Bell, Gertrude Margaret Lowthian (1868–1926), 63
Bennett, Agnes Elizabeth Lloyd (1872–1960), 63
Bilien, Valentina (n.d.), 64
Biological Warfare Experimentation, Japanese, 65
Black, Catherine (b. 1883), 65
Black Sash, 66
Blackwell, Elizabeth (1821–1910), 67
Blanche of Castile (1188–1252), 67
Bochkareva, Maria (Mariya or Yasha) (b. 1889), 68
Bonney, Therese (1894–1978), 70
Borden, Mary (1886–1968), 71
Borginis, Sarah (1812–1886), 72
Borrel, Andrée (1919–1944), 73
Boudicca, Queen of the Iceni (d. ca. 60–61), 74
Bourke-White, Margaret (1904–1971), 76
Bower, Ursula Graham (1914–1988), 76
Boyd, Isabelle (Belle) (1843–1900), 77
Brant, Mary (Molly) (ca. 1735–1796), 79
Braun, Eva (1912–1945), 80
Braunsteiner, Hermine (1920–1999), 81
Bray, Linda (1960– ), 82
Brewer, Lucy (b. ca. 1793), 83
Brion, Hélène (1882–1962), 84
Brittain, Vera Mary (1893–1970), 85
Brown, Mary-Agnes (1902–1998), 86
Brown, Ruth Humphries (1920– ), 87
Bruskina, Masha (1924–1941), 88
Bubley, Esther (1921–1998), 89
| ix |