Women and Redemption: A Theological History PDF
Preview Women and Redemption: A Theological History
A rich and sweeping view of global feminist theologies— From her opening question—“Are women redeemed by Christ?”—Rosemary Radford Ruether brings into critical focus the history of conflict over the meaning of the Gospels for gender relations. In her authoritative, award-winning critique, now updated and expanded for a new generation, Ruether highlights women theologians’ work from early Christianity to the modern day, challenging the patriarchal paradigm of historical theology. She incorporates a plurality of women’s voices from multicultural and multireligious contexts to articulate R u feminist liberation theology today. e New to this edition: t h · Selections from primary source documents e · Chapter timelines identifying key persons and events r · Suggested readings—both primary and secondary sources—for further research Praise for Women and Redemption, Second Edition “Rosemary Radford Ruether offers a wealth of infor- mation and models feminist pedagogy by providing “Encountering this new edition, the reader again questions and bibliographies for further research, W both confronts the injustice that denied full hu- inviting students and scholars to participate in ongo- manity to women and witnesses the sheer drama ing theological and historical reconstruction. Addi- o of the spirited struggles of many women to be tions to the Second Edition emphasize the central m heard in church and society. Rosemary Radford importance of “the plurality of cultural and social e Ruether’s ability to move discerningly through contexts” for women’s theological reflection and n new cultural, political, and theological currents chart the emergence of feminist theology in Western moves us to the post-colonial, marginalized Fourth Europe, North America, and the Third and Fourth S ea World, bringing new voices into the conversation. Worlds. Women and Redemption is a tour de force, c on Ruether challenges rigid boundaries and assump- an essential text for understanding women’s theo- nd tions in her critique, and she awakens us to those logical reflection throughout the centuries of Chris- d multidimensional oppressions that must be faced.” tianity and around the world.” ER —Mary Grey —Margaret R. Miles d Professor of Philosophy and History Professor of Historical Theology Emerita ie t Saint Mary’s University College, London, England Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley, California id o ne m Rosemary Radford Ruether is Visiting Professor of Feminist Theology at the Claremont Graduate p University and School of Theology. She is the author t i of numerous influential works in feminist theology o and the history of theology, and her recent works n include Feminist Theologies: Legacy and Prospect (2007) and Many Forms of Madness: A Family’s Struggle with Mental Illness and the Mental Health System (2010). Christianity / Theology / Feminist Theology fortresspress.com/ ruether Women and Redemption Women and Redemption A Theological History Second Edition Rosemary Radford Ruether Fortress Press Minneapolis WOMEN AND REDEMPTION A Theological History Second Edition Copyright © 2012 Fortress Press. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in critical articles or reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Visit http://www.augsburgfortress.org/copyrights/contact.asp or write to Permissions, Augsburg Fortress, Box 1209, Minneapolis, MN 55440. Scripture quotations from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible are copyright © 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States of America and are used by permission. Cover image: Anam Cara #3 © Daniel Nevins (danielnevins.com) Cover design: Laurie Ingram Book design: Timothy W. Larson Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ruether, Rosemary Radford. Women and redemption : a theological history / Rosemary Radford Ruether. — 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–0–8006–9816–4 (alk. paper) 1. Women—Religious aspects—Christianity—History of doctrines. 2. Redemption—Christianity— History of doctrines. 3. Feminist theology. I. Title. BT704.R835 2012 230.082—dc22 2011009188 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z329.48-1984. Manufactured in the U.S.A. 16 15 14 13 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 This book is dedicated to my sister, Rebecca Radford Fleming, friend and teacher of Scripture ContentS illustrations xi acknowledgments xiii preface: Second edition xv introduction 1 1. in Christ no more male and Female? the Question of Gender and Redemption in the new testament 11 Gender Equality in the First Jesus Movement 12 From Reassembled Jesus Movement to Early Hellenistic Mission 17 Jewish and Early Christian Readings of Genesis 19 Redemption and Gender in Conflict in Pauline Churches 24 Gender and Redemption in Two Forms of Pauline Churches 31 2. Gender and Redemption in the patristic era: Conflicting Perspectives 37 Trajectories of Early Christianity 37 Gender and Redemption in Some Second-Century Christianities 42 Two Late Patristic Syntheses: Gregory of Nyssa and Augustine 50 vii viii ContentS 3. male Scholastics and Women mystics in medieval theology 65 Hildegard of Bingen 67 Thomas Aquinas 76 Mechthild of Magdeburg 79 Julian of Norwich 84 4. male Reformers, Feminist humanists, and Quakers in the Reformation 93 Gender in the Theological Anthropology of Luther and Calvin 96 Renaissance Feminism and the Debate about Women 103 Women in Radical Protestantism: Civil War Prophets and Quakers 111 5. Shakers and Feminist abolitionists in nineteenth-Century north america 121 The Shaker Tradition: From England to North America 122 Abolitionist Feminists 131 6. Feminist theologies in twentieth-Century Western europe 149 Feminist Theology and German Protestantism 149 Feminist Theology and Catholicism 158 Kari Elisabeth Børresen 158 Catharina Halkes 161 Mary Grey 164 European Feminist Theology in the 1990s 168 7. Feminist, Womanist, and mujerista theologies in twentieth-Century north america 175 Letty Russell 177 Mary Daly 180 Rosemary Ruether 186 Carter Heyward 188 Delores Williams 192 Ada María Isasi-Díaz 195 ContentS ix 8. Feminist theologies in latin america, africa, and asia 203 Feminist Theology in Latin America 206 African Feminist Theology 213 Asian Feminist Theologies 220 9. emerging Feminist theologies: post-Coloniality and the Voices of the Fourth World 231 Postcolonialism and Theology 232 Fourth World Feminist Theologies 239 Conclusions 251 notes 259 index 325
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