Women and Asian Religions Recent Titles in Women and Religion in the World Women and Christianity Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan and Karen Jo Torjesen, Editors Women and Indigenous Religions Sylvia Marcos Women and Judaism Rabbi Malka Drucker Women and New and Africana Religions Lilian Ashcraft-Eason, Darnise C. Martin, and Oyeronke Olademo, Editors Women and Islam Zayn R. Kassam, Editor Women and Asian Religions ZAYN R. KASSAM, EDITOR Women and Religion in the World Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Lillian Ashcraft-Eason, and Karen Jo Torjesen, Series Editors Copyright © 2017 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Kassam, Zayn, editor. Title: Women and Asian religions / Zayn R. Kassam, editor. Description: Santa Barbara : Praeger, 2017. | Series: Women and religion in the world | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017004205 (print) | LCCN 2017011737 (ebook) | ISBN 9780313082757 (ebook) | ISBN 9780275991593 (alk. paper : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Women and religion—Asia. Classification: LCC BL458 (ebook) | LCC BL458 .W5623 2017 (print) | DDC 200.82/095—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017004205 ISBN: 978-0-275-99159-3 EISBN: 978-0-313-08275-7 21 20 19 18 17 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available as an eBook. Praeger An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 www.abc-clio.com This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America To all who work for gender justice in honor of Kathleen M. Mirante, M.D. (April 8, 1940–April 10, 2017) This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments xi Introduction xiii Zayn R. Kassam Part I. WOMAN, FAMILY, AND ENVIRONMENT 1. Balinese Dancers on the Global Stage: Negotiating Motherhood, Religion, and Politics during the Suharto Regime 3 Maria Talamantes 2. The Holy “Mother Who Is Not a Mother”: Saradamani Chattopadhyay 21 Narasingha P. Sil 3. Crisis of Transnational Families and Restoration of a Medium’s Marriage Life in Northeast Thailand 39 Visisya Pinthongvijayakul 4. Indian Women Through the Ages: Mother’s Roles in Mythology, Current Practices, and Future Prospects 55 Lavanya Vemsani Part II. SOCIOECONOMICS, POLITICS, AUTHORITY 5. From Secession to Social Activism: Muslim Women’s Movements in the Philippines 71 Vivienne SM Angeles vii viii Contents 6. Speaking Shadows to Light: Vernacular Narrative as a Vehicle for Rajasthani Female Sādhus Voicing Vulnerability and Violence 87 Antoinette E. DeNapoli 7. The Martyr Bomber Becomes a Goddess: Women, Theosis, and Sacrificial Violence in Sri Lanka 101 William Harman 8. Women of the Clouds: The Cordillera Religion and the Shaping of the Economic, Political, and Social Empowerment of Women 115 Jae Woo Jang Part III. BODY, MIND, AND SPIRIT 9. Gender, Popular Religion, and the Politics of Memory in Taiwan’s Urban Renewal: The Case of the Twenty-Five Ladies’ Tomb 135 Anru Lee and Wen-hui Anna Tang 10. Shakti’s New Voice: Anandmurti Gurumaa and Female Empowerment 149 Angela Rudert 11. Storytelling for Change: Women’s Activism and the Theater of Pritham Chakravarthy 169 Kristen Rudisill 12. Women Living Buddhism in the West: Spiritual Practice and Daily Life 185 Leesa S. Davis Part IV. SEXUALITY, POWER, AND VULNERABILITY 13. Losing Faith, Gaining Empowerment: Changing Identities of Devadasis in Karnataka, India 205 Nicole Aaron 14. A Politics of Empathy: Christianity and Women’s Peace Activism in U.S. Military Prostitution in South Korea 223 Keun-Joo Christine Pae 15. Transforming Trauma: From Partition Hauntings to Post 9/11 Angst in South Asian Cinema 241 Khani Begum Contents ix Part V. WOMEN, WORLDVIEW, AND RELIGIOUS PRACTICE 16. The Virtuous Life of a Thai Buddhist Nun 261 Petcharat Lovichakorntikul, Phramaha Min Putthithanasombat, and John Walsh 17. Women in Contemporary Japanese Religious Civil Society Groups 283 Paola Cavaliere 18. From the Old Lady of the Grove to Ekatmika Bhava: Women’s Mysticism, Devotion, and Possession Trance in Popular Bengali Shaktism 297 June McDaniel 19. The Rise of Female Vipassanā Meditation Teachers in Southeast Asia 313 Brooke Schedneck Abbreviations 329 Glossary 331 Bibliography 341 Index 371 About the Editor and Contributors 389