Wittgenstein: Meaning and Mind PDF
Preview Wittgenstein: Meaning and Mind
Wittgenstein: Meaning and Mind Part I: Essays Other volumes of this Commentary Wittgenstein: Understanding and Meaning, Volume 1 of An Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations Part I: Essays second, extensively revised edition G. P. Baker and P. M. S. Hacker Wittgenstein: Understanding and Meaning, Volume 1 of An Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations Part II: Exegesis §§1 – 184 second, extensively revised edition G. P. Baker and P. M. S. Hacker Wittgenstein: Rules, Grammar and Necessity, Volume 2 of An Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations Essays and Exegesis of §§185 – 242 second, extensively revised edition G. P. Baker and P. M. S. Hacker Wittgenstein: Mind and Will, Volume 4 of An Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations Part I: Essays P. M. S. Hacker Wittgenstein: Mind and Will, Volume 4 of An Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations Part II: Exegesis §§428 – 693 P. M. S. Hacker Epilogue: Wittgenstein’s Place in Twentieth‐Century Analytic Philosophy P. M. S. Hacker Companion to this volume Wittgenstein: Meaning and Mind, Volume 3 of An Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations Part II: Exegesis §§243 – 427 second, extensively revised edition P. M. S. Hacker Volume 3 of An Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations Wittgenstein: Meaning and Mind Part I: Essays Second, extensively revised edition P. M. S. Hacker This edition first published 2019 © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Edition History Wiley‐Blackwell (1e, 1990) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. The right of P. M. S. Hacker to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with law. Registered Offices John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Office 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products visit us at www.wiley.com. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print‐on‐demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other formats. 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The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication data is available for this title ISBN 9781118951804 Set in 10/12pt Bembo by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India HB Printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Sylvia Contents Note to the second edition: Part I: Essays xi Acknowledgements to the first edition xv Acknowledgements to the second edition xvii Introduction to Part I: Essays xxi Abbreviations xxv I Introduction to the private language arguments 1 1. The Augustinian conception of language and Wittgenstein’s early commitments 1 2. The place of the private language arguments in the Philosophical Investigations 9 3. The Great Tradition and its long shadow 13 4. From grammatical trivialities to metaphysical mysteries 16 5. The dialectic of the mental 21 II Only I can have 25 1. The traditional picture and its predicaments 25 2. Private ownership 28 3. Dispelling conceptual illusions and confusions 33 III Only I can know 41 1. The roots of the problem 41 2. Wittgenstein’s response to the classical conception 46 3. Wittgenstein’s sketchy account of knowledge 50 4. The cognitive network: connective analysis 54 5. A different route: the functions of the verb ‘to know’ 57 6. The temptations of the received view resisted 60 7. Further objections rebutted 64 IV Private ostensive definition 69 1. A ‘private’ language 69 2. Names, ostensive definitions and samples — a reminder 73 viii Contents 3. The vocabulary of a private language 76 4. Idle wheels 85 V Men, minds and machines 89 1. Human beings, their parts and their bodies 89 2. The mind 94 3. Only in the stream of life … 97 4. Homunculi and brains 100 5. Can machines think? 102 VI Avowals and descriptions 113 1. Descriptions of subjective experience 113 2. Descriptions 115 3. Natural expression 117 4. A spectrum of cases 121 VII Behaviour and behaviourism 127 1. Behaviourism in psychology and philosophy 127 2. Wittgenstein: first reactions 134 3. Crypto‐behaviourism? 142 4. Body and behaviour 146 VIII Knowledge of other minds: the inner and the outer 153 1. Semi‐solipsism 153 2. Inside and outside 155 3. The indeterminacy of the mental 161 IX An overview of the achievement of the private language arguments 167 1. An overview 167 2. Fundamental insights 173 3. Fidelity to philosophical methodology 180 4. Consequences and confusions 185 X Thinking: methodological muddles and categorial confusions 191 1. Thinking: a muddle elevated to a mystery 191 2. Methodological clarifications 194 3. Activities of the mind 196 4. Processes in the mind 202
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