Windows PowerShell 2.0 Best Practices eBook

135 Pages·2009·16.22 MB·English

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PUBLISHED BY
Microsoft Press
A Division of Microsoft Corporation
One Microsoft Way
Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
Copyright © 2010 by Ed Wilson
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means
without the written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2009938599
Printed and bound in the United States of America.
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Distributed in Canada by H.B. Fenn and Company Ltd.
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This book is dedicated to Teresa Wilson, my best friend,
life companion, inspiration, and wife. You made me so happy
when you said yes.
Contents at a Glance
Acknowledgments xvii
Introduction xix
About the Companion Media xxv
Part I IntroductIon
ChaPTEr 1 assessing the Scripting Environment 3
ChaPTEr 2 Survey of Windows PowerShell Capabilities 27
ChaPTEr 3 Survey of active Directory Capabilities 65
ChaPTEr 4 User Management 99
Part II PLannIng
ChaPTEr 5 Identifying Scripting Opportunities 133
ChaPTEr 6 Confguring the Script Environment 167
ChaPTEr 7 avoiding Scripting Pitfalls 207
ChaPTEr 8 Tracking Scripting Opportunities 253
Part III desIgnIng
ChaPTEr 9 Designing Functions 293
ChaPTEr 10 Designing help for Scripts 331
ChaPTEr 11 Planning for Modules 373
ChaPTEr 12 handling Input and Output 407
ChaPTEr 13 handling Errors 461
Part Iv testIng and dePLoyIng
ChaPTEr 14 Testing Scripts 499
ChaPTEr 15 running Scripts 543
Part v oPtImIzIng
ChaPTEr 16 Logging results 577
ChaPTEr 17 Troubleshooting Scripts 601
Appendix A 635
Appendix B 647
Appendix C 651
Appendix D 655
Appendix E 693
Appendix F 697

Index 699
Contents
Acknowledgments xvii
Introduction xix
About the Companion Media xxv
Part I IntroductIon
Chapter 1 Assessing the Scripting Environment 3
Why Use Windows PowerShell 2.0? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Comparison with Windows PowerShell 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Backward Compatibility 4
Using the Version Tag 4
New Features of Windows PowerShell 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
New cmdlets 9
Modifed cmdlets 12
Architectural Changes 14
Comparing Windows PowerShell 2.0 to VBScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
The Learning Curve 17
Component Object Model (COM) Support 18
Comparing Windows PowerShell 2.0 to the Command Shell 21
Deployment Requirements for Windows PowerShell 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
.NET Framework 22
Service Dependencies 23
Deploying Windows PowerShell 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Where to Deploy Windows PowerShell 2.0 24
How Do You Anticipate Using Windows PowerShell 2.0? 24
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
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vii
Chapter 2 Survey of Windows PowerShell Capabilities 27
Using the Interactive Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
The Easiest cmdlets 30
The Most Important cmdlets 31
Grouping and Sorting Output 36
Saving Output to Files 38
Working with WMI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Obtaining Information from Classes 41
Finding WMI Classes 42
Setting Properties 43
Calling Methods 45
Working with Instances 46
Working with Events 47
Working Remotely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Using –computer 48
Creating a Remote Interactive Session 63
Running a Remote Command 63
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Chapter 3 Survey of Active Directory Capabilities 65
Creating Users, Groups, and Organizational Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Creating Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Creating a User Account 69
Creating a Group 69
Creating a Computer Account 69
Deriving the Create Object Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Modifying the Variables 75
Constant vs. Read-Only Variables 76
Creating a Utility Script 76
Using CSV Files to Create Multiple Objects 77
Testing a Script 81
Confguring the Connection to the Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Using ADO.NET 82
Using ADO COM Objects 86
viii Contents