Wills Eye Institute 5-Minute Ophthalmology Consult PDF
Preview Wills Eye Institute 5-Minute Ophthalmology Consult
Includes online color Image bank/ Wills Eye Institute 5-Minute Ophthalmology Consult EDITORIAL BOARD Professor Ophthalmology and Pediatrics Jacqueline R. Carrasco, MD Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Assistant Professor, Oculoplastic Surgery Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wills Eye Institute Pediatrics Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Robert B. Penne, MD Oculoplastics Assistant Clinical Professor Ralph C. Eagle, Jr., MD Ophthalmology Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University Director, Department of Pathology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wills Eye Hospital Oculoplastics The Noel T. and Sara L. Simmonds Professor of Ophthalmic Pathology Peter J. Savino, MD Wills Eye Institute Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology Professor of Ophthalmology and Pathology Shiley Eye Center Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University University of California, San Diego Philadelphia, Pennsylvania La Jolla, California Consultant in Ocular Pathology Neuro-Ophthalmology Sunir J. Garg, MD, FACS Robert C. SergoH, MD Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Chief The Retina Service of Wills Eye Institute Neuro-Ophthalmology Service Thomas Jefferson University Wills Eye Institute Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Professor of Ophthalmology Retina/Vitreous/Uvea Jefferson Medical College Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Colleen Halfpenny, MD Neuro-Ophthalmology Member, Cornea Service Chirag P. Shah, MD, MPH Clinical Instructor, Cornea Vitreoretinal Surgeon Wills Eye Institute Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston Assistant Professor, Ophthalmology Associate Professor Jefferson Medical College Harvard Medical School and Tufts New England Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Medical Center Anterior SegmenVCornea Boston, Massachusetts Systemic Ophthalmology L. Jay Katz, MD Glaucoma Service Carol L. Shields, MD Wills Eye Institute Co-Director Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Oncology Service Glaucoma Wills Eye Institute Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Alex V. Levin, MD, MHSc, FRCSC Oncology Professor Ophthalmology and Pediatrics Marc J. Spirn, MD Jefferson Medical College Retina Service Chief, Wills Eye Institute Pediatric Ophthalmology and Ocular Genetics Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wills Eye Institute Retina/Vitreous Wi lis Eye Institute 5-Minute Ophthalmology Consult Senior Edltora: Joseph I. Maguire, MD Attending Surgeon Retina Service The Wills Eye Institute Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ann P. Mun:hison, MD, MPH Attending Surgeon Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Service Co-Director Wills Eye Emergency Room The Wills Eye Institute Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Edward A. Jaeger, MD Professor of Ophthalmology Jefferson Medical College Thomas Jefferson University Attending Surgeon The Wills Eye Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania I ®.Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Hnlth ~~~~ • loltlmlft • Now York • London Bue11111 AI"'" • Hare KDns • sydney· Tokyo Senior Executive Editor: Jonathan W. Pine, Jr. Senior Product Manager: Emilie Moyer Vendor Manager: Alicia Jackson Senior Manufacturing Manager: Benjamin Rivera Marketing Manager: Lisa Lawrence Designer: Theresa Mallon Production Service: Aptara., Inc. C 2012 by LIPPINCon WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER business Two Commen:e Square 2001 Malket Street Philadelphia, PA 11103 USA LWW.com All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging·in·Public:atian Data Maguire, Joseph I. Wills Eye Institute 5-minute ophthalmology consult I senior editors, Joseph I. Maguire, Ann P. Murchison, Edward A Jaeger. p. ; em. - (5-minute consult series) Wills Eye Institute five-minute ophthalmology consult 5-minute ophthalmology consult Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 13: 978-1-60831-665-6 (alk. paper) ISBN 10 : 1·60831-665-3 (alk. paper) I. Murchison, Ann P. II. Jaeger, Edward A Ill. Title. IV. Title: Wills Eye Institute five-minute ophthalmology consult. V. Title: 5-minute ophthalmology consult VI. Series: 5-minute consult. [DNLM: 1. Eye Diseases-Handbooks. 2. Eye Abnormalities-Handbooks. WW 39]617.7-dc23 2011036417 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of the information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in the publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA} clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care providers to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice. To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800} 638-3030 or fax orders to (30 1) 223-2320. International customers should call (30 1) 223-2300. Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: at LWW.com. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6 pm, EST. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the Wills Eye family, whose physicians, graduates, and staff define excellence in patient care CONTRIBUTORS Fatima K. Ahmad, MD David B. Auerbach, DO Brad Ballard, MD Resident Physician, 2009-201 2 Volunteer Resident in Ophthalmology Wills Eye Institute Faculty of the University of Central Madigan Army Medical Center Department of Ophthalmology Florida, College of Medicine Tacoma, Washington Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Medical Education Philadelphia, Pennsylvania University of Central Florida College Alok S. Bansal, MD of Medicine Fellow, Vitreoretinal Surgery, 201 0-2012 Active Staff Retina Service Anthony J. Aldave, MD Ophthalmology Wills Eye Institute Resident Physician, 1997-2000 Orlando Regional Medical Center Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wills Eye Institute Orlando, Florida Behln I. Barahlml, MD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Brandon D. Ayres, MD Resident, 2008-2011 Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Instructor Ophthalmology Director, Cornea Service, Cornea and Ophthalmology Wills Eye Institute Refractive Surgery Fellowship Jefferson Medical College Philadelphia, Pennsylvania The Jules Stein Eye Institute Assistant Surgeon Oculoplastics Fellow Los Angeles, California Cornea Service Ophthalmology Wills Eye Institute University of Minnesota AmroAii,MD Associate Minneapolis, Minnesota Instructor Ophthalmology Michael J. Bartiss, OD, MD, FAAO, Ophthalmology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital FAAP,FACS Casey Eye Institute-Oregon Health & Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Fellow Science University Avnl Badami, BS Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Portland, Oregon Medical Student 1991-1992 Jefferson Medical College Wills Eye Institute Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania David R. P. Almeida Department of Ophthalmology RobertS. Bailey, Jr., MD Medical Director Queen's University Clinical Associate Professor Pediatric Ophthalmology Services Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics Hotel Dieu Hospital Ophthalmology Kingston, Ontario, Canada Jefferson Medical College First Health of the Carolinas Pinehurst, North Carolina Director Cataract and Primary Eye Care Services Darrell E. Baskin, MD Rizwan Alvi, MBBS, MD Wills Eye Institute Vitreoretinal Fellow Research Assistant Chief, Division of Ophthalmology Retina Service Pediatric Ophthalmology and Ocular Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology Wills Eye Institute Genetics Chestnut Hill Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wills Eye Institute Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Caroline R. Baumal, MD Steven T. Bailey, MD Former Fellow Assistant Professor and Attending Physician Vitreoretinal Dieseases and Surgery and Nicholas G. Anderson, MD Intraocular Tumors Wills Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Fellow, Retina and Vitreous Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Casey Eye Institute-Oregon Health and 2003-2005 Science University Assistant Professor of Wills Eye Institute Ophthalmology Portland, Oregon Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Tufts University School of Medicine Associate Clinical Professor PaulS. Baker, MD Boston, Massachusetts Department of Surgery Retina Service University of Tennessee Medical Center Wills Eye Institute Gitanjali B. Baveja, MD Southeastern Retina Associates Jefferson Medical College Comprehensive Ophthalmology Knoxville, Tennessee Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ashburn, Virginia vii viii • • • Contributors Stephanie A. Baxter, MD ChrisS. Bergstrom, MD, OD Jeffrey P. Blice, MD Fellow, 2003-2004 Assistant Professor Retina Fellow, 1995-1997 Cornea/External Disease Ophthalmology Wills Eye Institute Wills Eye Institute Emory University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Atlanta, Georgia Assistant Professor Assistant Clinical Professor Surgery Queens University Hospital Uniformed Services Health Sciences Kingston, Ontario, Canada Stephen Best, MD University Fellow, 1991-1992 Staff Ophthalmologist Edward H. Bedrossian, Jr., MD, FACS Neuro-ophthalmology Ophthalmology Attending Surgeon, Wills Eye Institute Walter Reed National Military Medical Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Center Bethesda Surgery Department Clinical Senior Lecturer Bethesda, Maryland Wills Eye Institute Eye Department Assistant Clinical Professor of University of Auckland Benjamin H. Bloom, MD Ophthalmology Ophthalmologist Cataract and Primary Eye Care Service Jefferson Medical School Eye Department Wills Eye Institute Director, Ophthalmic Plastic and Greenlane Clinical Centre Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Reconstructive Surgery Auckland, New Zealand Associate Clinical Professor of Louis C. Blumenfeld, MD Ophthalmology Fellow, 19 95 Temple University School of Medicine Carlos Bianciotto., MD Neuro-ophthalmology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Fellow Wills Eye Institute Chief of Ophthalmology Ophthalmology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Delaware County Memorial Hospital Jefferson Medical College Volunteer Faculty Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania Ocular Oncology College of Medicine Robert D. Behar, MD Wills Eye Institute University of Central Florida Attending Surgeon Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Department of Ophthalmology Cataract and Primary Eye Care Service Arnold Palmer Hospital of Children Wills Eye Institute Orlando, Florida Jefferson Medical College Jurij R. Bilyk, MD J. Luigi Borrillo, MD Philadephia, Pennsylvania Associate Professor Ophthalmologist Ophthalmology Raed Behbehani, MD, FRCSC San Mateo, California Wills Eye Institute and Jefferson Consultant Ophthalmologist University Hospital Neuro-Ophthalmology/Orbit Service Christopher J. Brady, MD Attending Surgeon AI-Bahar Ophthalmology Center Resident Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Kuwait City, Kuwait Department of Ophthalmology Service Wills Eye Institute Irina Belinsky, MD Wills Eye Institute Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Resident in Ophthalmology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York University Gary Brown, MD, MBA New York, New York Ophthalmologist Gil Binenbaum, MD Michael J. Belliveau, MD Glenside, Pennsylvania Division of Ophthalmology Resident Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Vatinee Y. Bunya, MD Queen's University Department of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Assistant Professor, Cornea & External Ophthalmology London, Ontario, Canada Disease Ophthalmology Robert L Bergren, MD Mark H. Blecher, MD Scheie Eye Institute, University of Resident, 1988-1991 and Retina Fellow, Assistant Clinical Professor Pennsylvania 1991-1993 Ophthalmology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wills Eye Institute Jefferson Medical College Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Attending Surgeon William A. Cantore, MD Clinical Instructor Co-Director, Cataract and Primary Associate Professor Department of Ophthalmology Eye Care Ophthalmology and Neurology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Wills Eye Institute Penn State College of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hershey, Pennsylvania Contributors ••• ix Jacqueline R. Carrasco, MD Christine W. Chung, MD Michael A. DellaVecchia, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Oculoplastic Surgery Resident, 1996-1999 FACS Wills Eye Institute Fellow, Corneal & External Disease, Cataract and Primary Eye Care Service Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1999-2000 Wills Eye Institute Wills Eye Institute Co-Director, Wills Eye Emergency Christopher B. Chambers, MD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Department at Jefferson Hospital Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology Northwestern University Jennifer E. Cohn, MD, MPH Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Northwestern Memorial Hospital/ Assistant Professor Jefferson University Children's Memorial Hospital Infectious Diseases Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chicago, Illinois University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Kristin DiDomenico, MD Eric Chen, MD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Resident Retina Consultants of Houston Wills Eye Institute The Methodist Hospital Brian P. Connolly, MD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Houston, Texas Retina Service Wills Eye Institute Hall F. Chew, MD, FRCSC Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Harminder S. Dua, MD, FRCOphth, PhD Clinical Fellow, 2007-2008 Henry and Corrine Bower Research Cornea, External Disease, & Refractive Mary Ellen P. Cullom, MD Scholar, 199D-1991 Surgery Department of Surgery Fellow, Cornea 1992-1993 Wills Eye Institute Riverside Regional Medical Center Wills Eye Institute Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Newport News, Virginia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Assistant Professor Chair and Professor of Ophthalmology Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Melissa B. Daluvoy, MD Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Sciences Cornea External Disease Fellow, University of Nottingham University of Toronto 2009-2010 Consultant Ophthalmologist Staff Physician Wills Eye Institute Queens Medical Centre, University Department of Ophthalmology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hospital Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Ophthalmologist Nottingham, England Toronto, Ontario, Canada Veterans Affairs Hospital Washington, DC Ryan P. Edmonds, OD Lan Chen, MD, PhD Low Vision/Contact Lens Service Clinical Associate Professor Helen V. Danesh·Meyer, FRANZCO Wills Eye Institute Medicine Associate Clinical Professor Philadelphia, Pennsylvania University of Pennsylvania Sir William and Lady Stevenson Associate Attending Physician Professor of Ophthalmology Scott A. Edmonds, OD Medicine Department of Ophthalmology Adjunct Instructor Penn Presbyterian Medical Center University of Auckland Public Health Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Auckland, New Zealand Salus University Elkins Park, Pennsylvania Allen Chiang, MD John B. Davies, MD Co-Director Vitreoretinal Fellow, 2009-2011 Ophthalmologist Low Vision/Contact Lens Service Retina Service St Paul, Minnesota Wills Eye Institute Wills Eye Institute Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Matthew R. Debiec, MD Specified Health Professional Resident in Ophthalmology Hyung Cho, MD Madigan Army Medical Center Lankenau Hospital Retina Fellow Tacoma, Washington Wynnewood, Pennsylvania Ophthalmology Tufts/New England Eye Center Emily A. DeCarlo, MD Susan E. Edmonds, OD Boston, Massachusetts Tri-County Eye Physicians Low Vision/Contact Lens Service Southampton, Pennsylvania Wills Eye Institute Colleen Christian, MD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ocular Oncology Service Char DeCroos Specified Health Professional, Wills Eye Institute Associate Faculty Member Ophthalmology Thomas Jefferson University Wills Eye Institute Lankenau Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
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