Why Is Blood Red? PDF
Preview Why Is Blood Red?
BLOOD RED? 002-003_Full_title.indd 2 24/09/20 4:22 PM WWHHYY is BLOOD RED? Emily Dodd 002-003_Full_title.indd 3 30/09/20 1:56 PM Contents Author Emily Dodd Body basics Consultant Dr Bipasha Choudhury Illustrators Dan Crisp, Arran Lewis DK LONDON 8–9 What’s my body made of? Editor Katie Lawrence Senior art editor Ann Cannings 10–11 What is the largest organ? Additional editing Manisha Majithia, Olivia Stanford 12–13 What’s smaller than a cell? Managing editor Jonathan Melmoth Managing art editor Diane Peyton Jones 14–15 Why is blood red? Senior production editor Robert Dunn Production controller Barbara Ossowska 16–17 What is DNA? Jacket designer Ann Cannings 18–19 Why do twins look the same? Jacket coordinator Issy Walsh Publishing manager Francesca Young 20–21 Why don’t I have my mum’s nose? Creative director Helen Senior Publishing director Sarah Larter 22–23 Are bacteria alive? DK DELHI 24–25 What are hormones? Project editor Radhika Haswani Senior art editor Nidhi Mehra Project art editor Bharti Karakoti Managing editor Monica Saigal Managing art editor Romi Chakraborty Piece by piece Jacket designer Rashika Kachroo Jacket editor Radhika Haswani DTP designers Sachin Gupta, Vijay Kandwal CTS manager Balwant Singh 28–29 What are bones made of? Production manager Pankaj Sharma Project picture researcher Sakshi Saluja 30–31 What is my biggest muscle? Delhi creative heads Glenda Fernandes, 32–33 What’s between my brain and skull? Malavika Talukder 34–35 What’s inside my heart? First published in Great Britain in 2021 by Dorling Kindersley Limited 36–37 Are my ribs bendy? One Embassy Gardens, 8 Viaduct Gardens, 38–39 How does my spine fit together? London, SW11 7BW 40–41 Why do I need plants to breathe? Copyright © 2021 Dorling Kindersley Limited A Penguin Random House Company 42–43 How does my brain control my emotions? 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 001–321271–Mar/2021 44–45 Why doesn’t it hurt when I cut my nails? 46–47 Why are my teeth different shapes? All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in 48–49 Why does sugar taste sweet? or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, 50–51 Why does my foot fall asleep? photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. How it works ISBN: 978-0-2414-6141-9 Printed and bound in China For the curious 54–55 How can I feel light things? www.dk.com 56–57 Why don’t I ever forget to breathe? 58–59 Why can I jump? This book was made with Forest Stewardship Council™ certified paper – one small step in DK’s commitment to a sustainable future. For more information go to www.dk.com/our-green-pledge 004-005_Imprint_contents.indd 4 09/10/20 1:06 PM Find out how doctors can see inside your body on page 118. 60–61 How do bones help me hear? Medical marvels 62–63 Why do my pupils change size? 64–65 How do I balance? 114–115 How do X-rays work? 66–67 Why don’t icy drinks make me 116–117 Why do I need vaccinations? cold all over? 118–119 Can magnets show what’s 68–69 Am I taller in the morning? inside my body? 70–71 How do I remember things? 120–121 How do antibiotics kill bacteria? 72–73 What happens to the food I eat? 122–123 How do doctors know what’s wrong? 74–75 Why can’t I breathe underwater? 124–125 Can my cells change jobs? 76–77 Why do I burp? 126–127 How does sun cream work? 78–79 How do babies grow? 128–129 Can robots perform surgery? 80–81 Does my skin last forever? 130–131 How can doctors create body parts? 82–83 How do I hold my pee? 84–85 Why do I get goosebumps? 86–87 Why do I have eyebrows? 88–89 Why do my ears pop? 132–133 Answers 134–137 Quiz your friends! 138–139 Glossary Healthy habits 140–143 Index 144 Credits and acknowledgements 92–93 Why do I need food? 94–95 What happens when I exercise? 96–97 What is mental health? 98–99 Why do I feel happy and sad? 100–101 How does soap kill germs? ? 102–103 Why do people think differently? Quick quiz 104–105 What happens when I age? 106–107 Why do I need water? Test your knowledge! Look 108–109 What is my body clock? out for the “Quick quiz” box 110–111 What happens when I’m scared? throughout this book to see how much you’ve learned. You’ll find some of the answers on the pages, but Find out how you may have to look up or give your best guess for you breathe the others. Turn to pages on page 56. 132–133 for the answers. 004-005_Imprint_contents.indd 5 09/10/20 1:06 PM 006-007_Body_Basic_opener.indd 6 24/09/20 4:22 PM Body basics The human body is made of cells, which contain unique instructions that make you who you are. Each organ in your body has an important job to do, and your blood helps to supply them with everything they need to work. 006-007_Body_Basic_opener.indd 7 24/09/20 4:23 PM 8 BODY BASICS What’s my Tissue Tissue builds every part of body made of? the body. Some tissue creates strong structures, such as bone, while others make soft parts, such as nerves or muscle. The smallest living building blocks in the body are cells. There are many different types of cell. The same cells join together to build tissue. Groups of tissues build organs, which work together in organ systems, such as the respiratory system. Cells Cells hold the instructions to make a body, which are written in a coded sequence of chemicals called DNA. The DNA is kept in the nucleus – the centre of the cell. This cell is about to divide into two cells. It has copied itself and made another nucleus. 008-009_What_s_my_body_made_of.indd 8 24/09/20 4:23 PM 9 There are about 100 trillion cells in the body. Organ Organs are body parts that have a job to do. For example, the lungs take oxygen gas from the air and release it into the blood. They also remove carbon dioxide gas from the blood. Organ system Groups of organs work together in organ systems. The lungs are part of the respiratory system. This group of organs works together to help you breathe. Where did all my cells come from? ? Quick quiz 1. What are the smallest living building blocks in the body called? 2. What is the centre of a cell called? Egg Sperm 3. What do groups Half of the instructions to make Instructions to make the other of tissues build? your body came from an egg cell half of your body came from from your mother. your father’s sperm cell. See pages 132–133 for the answers 008-009_What_s_my_body_made_of.indd 9 09/10/20 1:06 PM 10 BODY BASICS What is the largest organ? The skin! It weighs about 4 kg (9 lb). Each organ in the body is a different After the skin, shape and size, and the liver is the each does a different job. heaviest organ in the body. The heart pumps blood, the eyes help you to see, and the brain controls everything you do. Skin The skin keeps your body at a healthy temperature, and stops your insides from falling out. It protects you, too, by blocking out water, germs, and the Sun’s rays. 010-011_What_is_a_largest_organ.indd 10 24/09/20 4:23 PM
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