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Why did they kill? : Cambodia in the shadow of genocide PDF

385 Pages·2005·2.02 MB·English
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Why Did They Kill? CALIFORNIA SERIES IN PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY The California Series in Public Anthropology emphasizes the anthropologist’s role as an engaged intellectual. It continues anthropology’s commitment to being an ethnographic witness, to describing, in human terms, how life is lived beyond the borders of many readers’ experiences. But it also adds a commitment, through ethnography, to reframing the terms of public debate—transforming received, accepted understandings of social issues with new insights, new framings. Series Editor: Robert Borofsky (Hawaii Pacific University) Contributing Editors: Philippe Bourgois (UC San Francisco), Paul Farmer (Partners in Health), Rayna Rapp (New York University), and Nancy Scheper-Hughes (UC Berkeley) University of California Press Editor: Naomi Schneider 1. Twice Dead: Organ Transplants and the Reinvention of Death, by Margaret Lock 2. Birthing the Nation: Strategies of Palestinian Women in Israel, by Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh (with a foreword by Hanan Ashrawi) 3. Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of Genocide, edited by Alexander Laban Hinton (with a foreword by Kenneth Roth) 4. Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor, by Paul Farmer (with a foreword by Amartya Sen) 5. Buddha Is Hiding: Refugees, Citizenship, the New America, by Aihwa Ong 6. Chechnya: Life in a War-Torn Society, by Valery Tishkov (with a foreword by Mikhail S. Gorbachev) 7. Total Confinement: Madness and Reason in the Maximum Security Prison, by Lorna A. Rhodes 8. Paradise in Ashes: A Guatemalan Journey of Courage, Terror, and Hope, by Beatriz Manz (with a foreword by Aryeh Neier) 9. Laughter Out of Place: Race, Class, Violence, and Sexuality in a Rio Shantytown, by Donna M. Goldstein 10. Shadows of War: Violence, Power, and International Profiteering in the Twenty-First Century,by Carolyn Nordstrom 11. Why Did They Kill? Cambodia in the Shadow of Genocide, by Alexander Laban Hinton (with a foreword by Robert Jay Lifton) 12. Yanomami: The Fierce Controversy and What We Can Learn from It, by Robert Borofsky 13. Why America’s Top Pundits Are Wrong about the World, edited by Catherine Besteman and Hugh Gusterson Why Did They Kill? Cambodia in the Shadow of Genocide Alexander Laban Hinton UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley • Los Angeles • London Maps 1 and 2 were redrawn from versions that appeared in The Tragedy of Cambodian History: Politics, War, and Revolution since 1945,by David P. Chandler (Yale University Press, 1991). The Note onTransliteration on p. 299 appeared originally in Cambodian Culture since 1975: Homeland and Exile, edited by May M. Ebihara, Carol A. Mortland, and Judy Ledgerwood (Cornell University Press, 1994). University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2005 by the Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hinton, Alexander Laban. Why did they kill? : Cambodia in the shadow of genocide / Alexander Laban Hinton. p. cm. —(California series in public anthropology ; 11) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN0-520-24178-9 (cloth : alk. paper).— ISBN0-520-24179-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Cambodia—Politics and government— 1975–1979. 2. Political atrocities—Cambodia. 3. Genocide—Cambodia. I. Title. II. Series. ds554.8.h56 2005 959.604'2—dc22 2005009189 Manufactured in the United States of America 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed on Ecobook 50 containing a minimum 50% post-consumer waste, processed chlorine free. The balance contains virgin pulp, including 25% Forest Stewardship Council Certified for no old growth tree cutting, processed either TCF or ECF. The sheet is acid- free and meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992(R1997) (Permanence of Paper). For Nicole, Meridian, and Arcadia Thank you for the light This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Figures ix Acknowledgments xi Timeline xvii List of Personages xix Foreword by Robert Jay Lifton xxi Introduction: In the Shadow of Genocide 1 Part One The Prison without Walls • Preamble 39 1. A Head for an Eye: Disproportionate Revenge 45 2. Power, Patronage, and Suspicion 96 3. In the Shade of Pol Pot’s Umbrella 126 Part Two The Fire without Smoke • Preamble 173 4. The DK Social Order 182 5. Manufacturing Difference 211 6. The Dark Side of Face and Honor 252 Conclusion: Why People Kill 276 Note on Transliteration 299 Notes 301 Bibliography 327 Index 351 Figures 1. Cambodia, 1970 xxiii 2. Divisions of Democratic Kampuchea, 1975–79 19 3. Khmer Transliteration System 299 ix

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