Whose Peace? Critical Perspectives on the Political Economy of Peacebuilding PDF
Preview Whose Peace? Critical Perspectives on the Political Economy of Peacebuilding
Whose Peace? Critical Perspectives on the Political Economy of Peacebuilding NewSecurityChallengesSeries GeneralEditor:StuartCroft,ProfessorofInternationalSecurityintheDepartmentof PoliticsandInternationalStudiesattheUniversityofWarwick,UK,andDirectorof theESRC’sNewSecurityChallengesProgramme. Thelastdecadedemonstratedthatthreatstosecurityvarygreatlyintheircausesand manifestations, and that they invite interest and demand responses from the social sciences,civilsocietyandaverybroadpolicycommunity.Inthepast,theavoidance ofwarwastheprimaryobjective,butwiththeendoftheColdWartheretentionof military defence as the centrepiece of international security agenda became unten- able.Therehasbeen,therefore,asignificantshiftinemphasisawayfromtraditional approachestosecuritytoanewagendathattalksofthesoftersideofsecurity,interms of human security, economic security and environmental security. The topical New SecurityChallengesSeriesreflectsthispressingpoliticalandresearchagenda. Titlesinclude: ChristopherFarrington(editor) GLOBALCHANGE,CIVILSOCIETYANDTHENORTHERNIRELANDPEACEPROCESS ImplementingthePoliticalSettlement KevinGillan,JennyPickerillandFrankWebster ANTI-WARACTIVISM NewMediaandProtestintheInformationAge AndrewHoskinsandBenO’Loughlin TELEVISIONANDTERROR ConflictingTimesandtheCrisisofNewsDiscourse MichaelPugh,NeilCooperandMandyTurner(editors) WHOSEPEACE?CRITICALPERSPECTIVESONTHEPOLITICALECONOMY OFPEACEBUILDING BrianRappert BIOTECHNOLOGY,SECURITYANDTHESEARCHFORLIMITS AnInquiryintoResearchandMethods BrianRappert(editor) TECHNOLOGYANDSECURITY GoverningThreatsintheNewMillennium NewSecurityChallengesSeries SeriesStandingOrderISBN978–0–230–00216–6(hardback)and ISBN978–0–230–00217–3(paperback) Youcanreceivefuturetitlesinthisseriesastheyarepublishedbyplacingastanding order.Pleasecontactyourbookselleror,incaseofdifficulty,writetousattheaddress belowwithyournameandaddress,thetitleoftheseriesandtheISBNquotedabove. CustomerServicesDepartment,MacmillanDistributionLtd,Houndmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS,England Whose Peace? Critical Perspectives on the Political Economy of Peacebuilding Editedby Michael Pugh UniversityofBradford Neil Cooper UniversityofBradford and Mandy Turner UniversityofBradford Selection,editorialmatter,introductionandconclusion©MichaelPugh,Neil CooperandMandyTurner2008 Allremainingchapters©respectiveauthors2008 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2008 978-0-230-57335-2 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6-10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentified astheauthorsofthisworkinaccordancewiththeCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2008by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-0-230-28561-3 ISBN 978-0-230-22874-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230228740 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Whosepeace?:criticalperspectivesonthepoliticaleconomyof peacebuilding/editedbyMichaelPugh,NeilCooperandMandyTurner. p. cm. Includesindex. 1. Peacebuilding—Casestudies. 2. Peacebuilding—Economic aspects—Casestudies. I. Pugh,MichaelC.(MichaelCharles),1944– II. Cooper,Neil,1962– III. Turner,Mandy,1968– JZ5538.C752008 327.1(cid:2)72—dc22 2008020651 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 Contents ListofFiguresandTable viii ListofContributors ix ListofAbbreviationsandAcronyms xiv PrefaceandAcknowledgements xvii Introduction 1 MichaelPugh,NeilCooperandMandyTurner PartI ThePoliticalEconomyofLiberalWarand Peace 1 ThePoliticalEconomyofPeaceProcesses 11 JanSelby 2 TheGenderedImpactofPeace 30 DonnaPankhurst 3 NeoliberalismVersusPeacebuildinginIraq 47 EricHerring PartII Trade 4 TradingwithSecurity:TradeLiberalisationand Conflict 67 SusanWillett 5 CorporateSocialResponsibility 85 SalilTripathi 6 AsGoodasitGets:SecuringDiamondsinSierraLeone 103 NeilCooper PartIII Employment 7 FromWagingWartoPeaceWork:LabourandLabour Markets 121 ChristopherCramer v vi Contents 8 Employment,LabourRightsandSocialResistance 139 MichaelPugh 9 SecuritisingtheEconomyofReintegrationinLiberia 157 KathleenM.Jennings PartIV Diasporas 10 ThreeDiscoursesonDiasporasandPeacebuilding 173 MandyTurner 11 DiasporaEngagementinPeacebuilding:Empiricaland TheoreticalChallenges 191 KennethBush 12 RwandeseDiasporasandtheReconstructionofa FragilePeace 206 RebeccaDavies PartV BorderlandsandtheCartographyofViolent Economies 13 War,PeaceandthePlacesinBetween:WhyBorderlands areCentral 225 JonathanGoodhand 14 MicrofinanceandBorderlands:Impactsof‘Local Neoliberalism’ 245 MilfordBateman 15 PotentialDifference:InternalBorderlandsinAfrica 266 StephenJackson PartVI CivilSociety 16 WelfareandtheCivilPeace:PovertywithRights? 287 OliverP.Richmond 17 PeaceConstituenciesinPeacebuilding:TheMesasde Concertacio´ninGuatemala 302 Ce´cileMouly 18 ElSalvador:TheLimitsofaViolentPeace 318 MoHume Contents vii PartVII GlobalGovernance 19 Post-ConflictStatebuilding:GovernanceWithout Government 337 DavidChandler 20 TheUNPeacebuildingCommission:TheRiseandFall ofaGoodIdea 356 MatsBerdal 21 MaterialReproductionandStatenessinBosniaand Herzegovina 373 BeritBliesemanndeGuevara Conclusion:ThePoliticalEconomyofPeacebuilding–Whose Peace?WhereNext? 390 MichaelPugh,NeilCooperandMandyTurner Index 398 List of Figures and Table Figures 6.1 OfficialSierrraLeonediamondexports 104 6.2 ThediamondpyramidinSierraLeone 110 Table 4.1 StatisticalprofileofvulnerableLDCs,2003and2004 72 viii List of Contributors Milford Batemanisafreelanceconsultantspecialisinginissuesofsustain- ablelocaleconomicandsocialdevelopment,mainlyworkinginthecountries of Southeast Europe and the Middle East. He is also Visiting Professor of EconomicsattheUniversityofJurajDobrilaPula,Croatia. Mats Berdal is Professor of Security and Development, Department of War Studies,King’sCollegeLondon,andVisitingProfessor,NationalDefenceand CommandCollege,Oslo.From2000to2003hewasDirectorofStudiesatthe InternationalInstituteforStrategicStudies.HehasfocusedontheUN,peace- keepingandthepoliticaleconomyofarmedconflictandistheco-editorwith Spyros Economides of United Nations Interventionism, 1991–2004 (2007). He editedStudiesinInternationalRelations:EssaysbyPhilipWindsor(2002)andis completingabookonTheUNandtheSearchforInternationalOrder. BeritBliesemanndeGuevaraisResearchAssistantandPhDcandidateatthe InstituteofInternationalPolitics,HelmutSchmidtUniversity,Hamburg,and HeadoftheGermanPoliticalScienceAssociationworkinggrouponOrders of Violence. Her publicationsinclude articles on post-conflict statebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina, war economies and violent orders in Peru and northeastIndia,andColumbianguerrillawebsites. Kenneth Bush is Associate Professor of Peace Studies, St. Paul University, Ottawa, Canada. He has worked widely with non-governmental, govern- mentalandmultilateralactorsinconflict-proneareas,particularlySriLanka. HewasSpecialAdviseronHumanitarianIssuestotheCanadianGovernment whenitservedontheUNSecurityCouncil(1998–2000).Heistheauthorof TheIntra-GroupDimensionsofEthnicConflict(2003)andofnumerouschapters onpeacebuildinganddevelopment.HehaspublishedinGlobalGovernance, CanadianForeignPolicyandtheCanadianJournalofDevelopmentStudies. DavidChandlerisProfessorofInternationalRelations,CentrefortheStudy of Democracy, University of Westminster. He is the founding editor of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding. His research focuses on new forms of international intervention and regulation, particularly those projected in the language of ethical foreign policy, the rule of law, human security, empowerment,democratization,statecapacity-building,humanrights,civil society development, anti-corruption, country ‘ownership’ and ‘pro-poor’ ix
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