Introduction
On Monday, July 20th 1925, a creation-evolution debate in Dayton, Tennessee had such wide-ranging and lasting impact that it was once highlighted in a History Channel program (based on a book by Steve Gillon) called, 10 Days that Unexpectedly Changed America. The debate was between two lawyers during the trial of John Scopes, a man who was arrested for teaching evolution in a school. America was not concerned so much with whether or not Scopes was innocent, but with the debate over evolution and creationism that would be central to the trial.
One of these lawyers was William Jennings Bryan, a former congressman and three-time Democratic presidential nominee. He was a devout Christian who was appalled by the teaching of evolution in public schools. He, of course, was to argue the case against evolution. In the days preceding the trial, Bryan said, “The contest between Christianity and evolution is a duel to the death. If evolution wins, Christianity goes.” With that statement, the line was drawn and the stage was set, not only for this trial, but for the entire creation-evolution debate that has continued to this day. In the minds of Christians nationwide, the acceptance of evolution (and the accompanying idea of a universe billions of years old) has meant rejecting the Bible and Christianity.
These sand-drawn lines evolved into trenches during the trial when Bryan’s opponent, Clarence Darrow, spent two hours relentlessly questioning him in a manner which he did not expect. Bryan had prepared himself to shoot down the scientific findings with which he had expected Darrow to bombard him, but Darrow took a different approach. He didn’t address the findings of scientists.