Copyright © 2022 by William MacAskill Cover design by Ann Kirchner Cover image © Mosuno / Stocksy Cover copyright © 2022 by Hachette Book Group, Inc. Hachette Book Group supports the right to free expression and the value of copyright. The purpose of copyright is to encourage writers and artists to produce the creative works that enrich our culture. The scanning, uploading, and distribution of this book without permission is a theft of the author’s intellectual property. If you would like permission to use material from the book (other than for review purposes), please contact [email protected]. Thank you for your support of the author’s rights. Basic Books Hachette Book Group 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10104 www.basicbooks.com First Edition: August 2022 Published by Basic Books, an imprint of Perseus Books, LLC, a subsidiary of Hachette Book Group, Inc. The Basic Books name and logo is a trademark of the Hachette Book Group. The Hachette Speakers Bureau provides a wide range of authors for speaking events. To find out more, go to www.hachettespeakersbureau.com or call (866) 376-6591. The publisher is not responsible for websites (or their content) that are not owned by the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: MacAskill, William, 1987– author. Title: What we owe the future / William MacAskill. Description: First edition. | New York, NY : Hachette Book Group, Inc, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Identifiers: LCCN 2022000444 | ISBN 9781541618626 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781541618633 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Altruism. | Civilization, Modern—Forecasting. | Future, The. | Human beings—Forecasting. | Human beings—Extinction. Classification: LCC BJ1474 .M33 2022 | DDC 171/.8—dc23/eng/20220506 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022000444 ISBNs: 9781541618626 (hardcover), 9781541618633 (ebook) E3-20220613-JV-NF-ORI Contents Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication PART I. THE LONG VIEW Introduction Chapter 1: The Case for Longtermism Chapter 2: You Can Shape the Course of History PART II. TRAJECTORY CHANGES Chapter 3: Moral Change Chapter 4: Value Lock-In PART III. SAFEGUARDING CIVILISATION Chapter 5: Extinction Chapter 6: Collapse Chapter 7: Stagnation PART IV. ASSESSING THE END OF THE WORLD Chapter 8: Is It Good to Make Happy People? Chapter 9: Will the Future Be Good or Bad? PART V. TAKING ACTION Chapter 10: What to Do Acknowledgements Discover More About the Author Also by William MacAskill Appendices 1. Further Resources 2. Terminology 3. The SPC Framework 4. Objections to Longtermism Figure Credits and Data Sources Notes Afterwards For my parents, Mair and Robin, and their parents, Ena and Tom and Daphne and Frank, and… Explore book giveaways, sneak peeks, deals, and more. Tap here to learn more. PART I THE LONG VIEW