What Really Led to Indian Freedom

259 Pages·2018·1.688 MB·English

by  Rajnikant Puranik

W R
HAT EALLY
L
ED TO
I F
NDIAN REEDOM

Rajnikant Puranik

“Far from claiming any credit for achievements of 1942 [Quit India], both
Gandhi  and the Congress offered apology and explanation for the
‘madness’ which  seized the people participating in it.”{AD1}
—Noted historian Dr RC Majumdar

“The claim that Quit India led to freedom is
a state sanctioned hoax.”{AD1}
—Author Anuj Dhar

“I see it as clearly as I see my finger: British are leaving not because of any
strength on our part but because of historical conditions and for many other
reasons.”{Gill/24}
—Mahatma Gandhi
What Really Led
to
Indian Freedom

by
Rajnikant Puranik

Categories: Non-fiction, History
First Edition, August 2018
Copyright ©  2018 Rajnikant Puranik

Available at Amazon and Pothi.com

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Floral Indian Flag on the Cover : Courtesy Vecteezy.com

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permission, please write to [email protected].
P
REFACE

“I see it as clearly as I see my finger: British are leaving not because of any
strength on our part but because of historical conditions and for many other
reasons.”{Gill/24}
—Mahatma Gandhi

This book comprehensively covers all the factors that really led to the
freedom of India from the British.
Chapter-1 covers prominent international timelines, particularly that of
World War-I and World War-II, that had major bearings on India’s freedom. 
Chapter-2, a mega chapter, chronologically covers all timelines, events,
and developments relevant to the Indian Freedom Movements—
revolutionary, constitutional and Gandhian— right since 1600 CE.
Chapter-3 covers the three major, once-in-a-decade Gandhian
Movements—all of which, unfortunately, were major failures.
Chapter-4 covers Netaji Subhas Bose,  his INA, and the army mutinies
that hugely contributed to winning freedom for India.
Chapter-5 evaluates the Gandhian Movement, and compares it with the
other freedom movements—revolutionary and constitutional.
Chapter-6, the last chapter, analyses in detail ‘What Really Led to
Freedom’.
Ambitious coverage of this book would have required over a thousand
pages to do full justice to the topics. However, this project (book) is
restricted to presenting a comprehensive yet compressed view of the
relevant factors, events and timelines. It is a summarised work deliberately
limited to as few pages as possible.
—Rajnikant Puranik
www.rkpbooks.com
A N C & B
OTE ON ITATIONS IBLIOGRAPHY

Citations are given as super-scripts in the text, such as {Azad/128}.
Citation Syntax & Examples:
{Source-Abbreviation/Page-Number}
e.g. {Azad/128} = Azad, Page 128

{Source-Abbreviation/Volume-Number/Page-Number}
e.g. {CWMG/V-58/221} = CWMG, Volume-58, Page 221

{Source-Abbreviation} … for URLs (articles on the web), and for digital
books (including Kindle-Books), that are searchable, where location or
page-number may not be given.
e.g. {VPM2}, {URL15}

{Source-Abbreviation/Location-Number}… for Kindle Books
e.g. {VPM2}, {VPM2/L-2901}

Example from Bibliography Table at the end of this Book
Azad B Maulana Abul Kalam Azad—India Wins
Freedom. Orient Longman. New Delhi. 2004
CWMG D, W Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi. Vol. 1 to
98.
http://gandhiserve.org/e/cwmg/cwmg.htm

The second column above gives the nature of the source: B=paper Book,
D=Digital Book/eBook other than Kindle, K=Kindle eBook, U=URL of
Document/Article on Web, W=Website, Y=YouTube

To the fond memory of my late parents
Shrimati Shakuntala and Shri Laxminarayan Puranik

Thanks to
Devbala Puranik, Manasi and Manini
T C
ABLE OF ONTENTS
{ 1 } Relevant International Timelines
{ 2 } Indian Freedom Struggle Timelines
{ 3 } Three Major Gandhian Movements
{ 4 } Bose(s), INA & the Army Mutiny
{ 5 } Gandhian vs. Other Freedom Movements
{ 6 } What Really Led to Freedom
Bibliography
D T C
ETAILED ABLE OF ONTENTS
{ 1 } Relevant International Timelines
Timelines of Prominent International Events
WW-I Chronology & India’s Role
WW-II Chronology & India’s Role
India’s Role in WW-II
WW-II as a Military Training Opportunity for Indians
WW-II Chronology
{ 2 } Indian Freedom Struggle Timelines
1600–1770
1772–1880
1880–1897
1900–1910
1911–1915
1915: The Grand Ghadar Mutiny
1916–1920
1916 : The Lucknow Pact [P]
1915: All India Home Rule League
1917 : Champaran & Gandhi
1917–18: Sardar Patel’s Successful Agitations
1918–19: Mont-Ford Reforms & the GoI Act [P]
1919: Rowlatt Acts & Satyagraha
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
1920s: Kisan Movement in UP
1920 : Chamber of Princes
Nagpur Congress Session, Dec-1920
1920–30
1920–22: Khilafat & Non-Cooperation Movement (KNCM)
Aug-Sep 1921 : Moplah Anti-Hindu Attacks
Jan-1923: Swaraj Party
1923: Jabalpur & Nagpur Satyagraha
Sep-1923: Patel’s Successful Borsad Satyagraha
9-11 September 1924 : Kohat Anti-Hindu Attacks
1924-27: Patel’s Commendable Work for Ahmedabad
Municipality
1927: Patel’s Unforgettable Work during Ahmedabad Floods
1928: Patel’s Bardoli Satyagraha 1928
Feb-1928 : Simon Commission
Aug-1928: Motilal Nehru Report
1929–30: Nehru’s Unjust Anointment as Congress President
26 January 1930 : Congress Call for “Purna Swaraj”
1928–31 : Lahore Conspiracy Case, etc.
1930–34
1930: Dandi March & Salt Satyagraha
1930: Qissa Khwani Bazaar Massacre & Garhwali
1930–31: First Round Table Conference (RTC-1)
1931: Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Mar-1931: Sardar as Congress President
Sep–Dec 1931: Second Round Table Conference (RTC-2)
1932: Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM), Phase-II
Aug–1932: The Communal Award
Aug–Sep 1932: The Communal Award & Poona Pact
1932: Third Round Table Conference (RTC-3)
1932–33: Name ‘Pakistan’ & Rahmat Ali [P]
1935–39
Government of India (GoI) Act 1935
1934-37: Elections
Jan-1939: Gandhi vs. Subhas: Presidential Election
1939–43
October 1939 : Anti-Hindu Riots in Sindh [P]
WW-II: British Declaration of War, Sep-1939
Nov-1939: Resignation of Congress Ministries
After Hitler’s Blitzkrieg : Oct,1939–Jun,1940
Rajaji’s Proposal of July 1940
Oct-1940: Selective Individual Disobedience
Pearl Harbor, Dec 1941 & its Aftermath
1940 : Udham Singh Avenges Jallianwala Massacre
March 1940 : League’s Lahore Resolution
1940–46: Congress Descent & League Ascendency
1940-42: Netaji Subhas Escapes
March-April 1942 : Cripps Mission
Apr-1942: CR’s Formula on Pakistan
August-1942: Quit India Movement [P]
1943–46
1943–44: British Gift—The Great Bengal Famine
May 1944 Onwards: Gandhi’s Major Come-Down Moves
May 1944 Onwards: Side-lining of Gandhi
25 June 1945 : Shimla Conference
End 1945—1946 : Elections
April 1946 : Gandhi-Nehru Hijack Presidential Elections
March-June 1946 : Cabinet Mission
Aug-1946: Muslim League’s Direct Action (Riots)
2-Sep-1946 : Interim Government
Oct–1946: Noakhali Anti-Hindu Killings
Oct-1946: Nehru’s NWFP Visit—a Blunder
Dec-1946 Onwards: Developments on Groupings
Dec–1946 : Constituent Assembly
1947
Feb–1947: Attlee’s “Quit India” Deadline Declaration
8 March 1947: Patel & Partition, the Lesser Evil
22 March 1947: Mountbatten Arrives
Gandhi’s 1-Apr-1947 Offer for Jinnah
May-1947 Onwards: Freedom & Partition
{ 3 } Three Major Gandhian Movements
Khilafat & Non-Cooperation Movement (KNCM)
Khilafat (Caliphate) & Khalif (Caliph)
Defeat of the Ottomans in WW-I & its Consequences
Khilafat & Other Muslim Countries
Khilafat & Indian Muslims
Gandhi & Khilafat
Approval of Non-Cooperation at Congress Sessions in 1920
KNCM Gathers Steam
Gandhi’s Inexplicable Calling-off of KNCM!