What is an IP address?

207 Pages·2016·10.55 MB·English

by  Antun Peicevic

CCENT ICND1 100-101 Cert Guide
by Antun Peicevic
First edition
Technical editor: Marko Maslac
Copyright© 2015 Geek University Press
Disclaimer
This book is designed to provide information about selected topics for the Cisco 100-101
ICND1 exam. Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate
as possible, but no warranty is implied. The information is provided on an as is basis.
Neither the authors, Geek University Press, nor its resellers, or distributors will be held
liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused either directly or indirectly by this
book. The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily
those of Geek University Press.
Note that this is not an unofficial book. Cisco Systems, Inc. is in no way affiliated with
this book or its content.
Trademarks
Geek University is a trademark of Signum Soft, LLC, and may not be used without written
permission.
Feedback Information
At Geek University Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest
quality and value. Readers’ feedback is a natural continuation of this process. If you have
any comments about how we could improve our books and learning resources for you, you
can contact us through email at [email protected]. Please include the book title
in your message. For more information about our books, visit our website at http://geek-
university.com.
About the author
Antun Peicevic is a systems engineer with more than 10 years of experience in the
internetworking field. His certifications include CCNA Routing and Switching, CompTIA
Network+, CompTIA Security+, and much more. He is the founder and editor of geek-
university.com, an online education portal that offers courses that cover various aspects of
the IT system administration. Antun can be reached at [email protected].
About this book
This book was written to help you pass the CCENT exam (ICND1), a certification from
Cisco, the world’s most famous company that manufactures and sells networking
equipment. I’ve tried to cover every topic from the CCENT curriculum and explain it in an
easy and fun way.
This book covers the latest version of the exam (100-101), available since 2013. The book
follows the Cisco organization of topics. We start with basics, explaining what really a
computer networks is, the difference between the OSI and TCP models, what an IP
address is, how to configure an IP address on a Cisco router, etc. In later lessons we will
go through some more advanced topics such as routing protocols, IPv6, NAT, ACLs…
Here is a list of chapters:
Chapter 1 - Introduction - what is a computer network, OSI and TCP/IP models, data
encapsulation.
Chapter 2 - Basic networking - what is a hub, switch, bridge, router, collision &
broadcast domains explained.
Chapter 3 - TCP/IP - what is an IP address, IP address classes & types, TCP & UDP
explained.
Chapter 4 - Network protocols - what is Telnet, SSH, FTP, DNS, DHCP, and other
important protocols.
Chapter 5 - Subnetting - what is a subnet mask, how to create subnets.
Chapter 6 - Cisco IOS - IOS overview, how to access IOS, get help.
Chapter 7 - IOS commands - basic IOS commands, configure banners and
descriptions, configure interface IP address, use CDP, how to show running
processes.
Chapter 8 - IP routing - what is a routing table, difference between static and
dynamic routes, what are routing protocols.
Chapter 9 - RIP - what is RIP and how to configure it on Cisco routers.
Chapter 10 - EIGRP - what is EIGRP, how EIGRP forms neighbor relationships, how
to configure EIGRP, EIGRP route summarization.
Chapter 12 - OSPF - what is OSPF, what are OSFP areas, how to configure OSPF.
Chapter 13 - Layer 2 switching - how switches learn MAC addresses and forward
frames, port security.
Chapter 14 - VLANs - what are VLANs, how you can configure them, difference
between trunk & access ports.
Chapter 15 - VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) - what is VTP and what it is used for,
basic configuration.
Chapter 16 - Access Control Lists (ACLs) - what are ACLs, what they are used for,
configure standard & extended ACLs.
Chapter 17 - Network Address Translation (NAT) - what is NAT, configure static,
dynamic NAT and PAT.
Chapter 18 - IPv6 - what is IPv6, address types, how to shorten an IPv6 address,
configure IPv6 address on a Cisco router.
About the 100-101 ICND1 exam
To obtain the Cisco Certified Entry Networking Technician (CCENT) certification, you
need to pass a single exam: ICND1 100-101. The exam contains 50-60 questions, must be
completed in about 90 minutes, and has a passing score of about 85%. You can take any
Cisco exam at any of the Pearson VUE authorized testing centers. Pearson VUE has
testing centers throughout the world, so you can probably locate a test center in your
vicinity. You need to register with Pearson VUE (http://www.pearsonvue.com) to schedule
an exam. If you fail an exam, you must wait five days before retaking it. You can cancel or
reschedule your exam appointment, but do it at least 24 hours in advance.
There are several types of questions on the CCNA exam: multiple-choice single answer,
multiple-choice multiple answer, testlet, drag-and-drop, simulated lab, and simlet. After
you pass the ICND1 exam, you will need to pass ICND2 200-101 exam to obtain your
CCNA certification.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Computer network explained
OSI reference model
TCP/IP reference model
Data encapsulation
Data encapsulation in the OSI model
Local Area Network (LAN)
What is Ethernet?
Ethernet frame
MAC address
Unicast, multicast, broadcast addresses
Half and full duplex
Chapter 2 - Basic networking
What is a network hub?
What is a network bridge?
What is a network switch?
Differences between a switch and a bridge
What is a router?
Collision domain explained
Broadcast domain explained
CSMA/CD explained
IEEE Ethernet standards
Cisco three-layered hierarchical model
Chapter 3 - TCP/IP
TCP/IP suite of protocols
What is an IP address?
Private IP addresses
IP address classes
IP address types
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) explained
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) explained
TCP and UDP ports
Chapter 4 - Network protocols
Telnet protocol
Secure Shell (SSH) protocol
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
Domain Name Service (DNS)
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
IPv4 header
Chapter 5 - Subnetting
What is subnetting?
Subnet mask explained
How to create subnets
Chapter 6 - Cisco IOS
Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS)
Access IOS
Power on IOS device
Command modes in IOS
Get help in IOS
Display IOS command history
Chapter 7 - IOS commands
Configure the hostname in IOS
Configure banners in IOS
Configure passwords in IOS
service password-encryption command
Configure descriptions in IOS
Run privileged commands in global config mode
Interfaces on an IOS device
Configure an IP address for an interface
Pipe function in IOS
Memory on a Cisco device
Configuration files on an IOS device
IOS show command
Boot sequence of a Cisco device
Back up IOS configuration
Configure DHCP server on a Cisco router
Configure NTP on a Cisco device
Use Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)
Mapping hostnames to IP addresses
Configure DNS on a Cisco device
Use extended ping
traceroute command in IOS
debug command in IOS
Use telnet
Show running processes
Chapter 8 - IP routing
IP routing explained
Routing table explained
Directly connected routes
Static routes
Dynamic routes
Types of routing protocols
Administrative distance (AD) explained
Routing metric explained
Chapter 9 - RIP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) overview
RIP configuration
Split horizon explained
Route poisoning explained
Holddown timer explained
Chapter 10 - EIGRP
EIGRP overview
EIGRP neighbors
EIGRP tables
Reported and feasible distance explained
Successor and feasible successor explained
EIGRP configuration
Wildcard mask explained
EIGRP and wildcard masks
Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP)
Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
EIGRP auto-summary
EIGRP manual summarization
Chapter 12 - OSPF
OSPF overview
OSPF neighbor discovery
OSPF neighbor states
OSPF areas explained
Link-state advertisement (LSA)
Types of LSAs (Link-state advertisements)
Configure OSPF
Configure multiarea OSPF
Designated router and backup designated router
OSPF clear text authentication
OSPF MD5 authentication
OSPF route summarization
Chapter 13 - Layer 2 switching
Layer 2 switching
How switches learn MAC addresses
How switches forward frames
Port security feature
Assign the switch IP address
Assign static MAC address
Chapter 14 - VLANs
VLANs explained
Access and trunk ports explained
Frame tagging explained
Inter-Switch Link (ISL) overview
802.1q overview
Configure VLANs
Configure trunk ports
Configure allowed VLANs on trunk
Routing between VLANs
Configure router on a stick
Chapter 15 - VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) overview
VTP modes explained
Configure VTP
Chapter 16 - Access Control Lists (ACLs)
What is ACL (Access Control List)?
Standard ACLs
Extended ACLs
Chapter 17 - Network Address Translation (NAT)
NAT definition
Static NAT configuration
Dynamic NAT
PAT configuration
Chapter 18 - IPv6
IPv6 overview
IPv6 address format
IPv6 address types
IPv6 global unicast address
IPv6 unique local address
IPv6 link-local addresses
IPv6 EUI-64 calculation
Configure IPv6 on a Cisco router
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Computer network explained
OSI reference model
TCP/IP reference model
Data encapsulation
Data encapsulation in the OSI model
Local Area Network (LAN)
What is Ethernet?
Ethernet frame
MAC address
Unicast, multicast, broadcast addresses
Half and full duplex