western Sahara, Algeria

20 Pages·2011·3.06 MB·English

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(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:3) (cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:14) (cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:12) (cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:11)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:23)(cid:11)(cid:24) (cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:2) (cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:21)(cid:21)(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:5)(cid:4)
ThedescriptionandstudyofrhynchonellidbrachiopodsrecentlycollectedfromtheLowerDevonianoftheOugartaarea
inwesternAlgerianSaharapermittedtherevisionofpreviouslydescribedand/orlistedtaxa,mainlyfromMorocco.
Palaeobiogeographically, the nine identified taxa share many similarities with the rhynchonellid fauna of the
IbarmaghianDomain.FiveofthenineidentifiedtaxabelongtothreegeneraoftheFamilyNucinulidaeSartenaer,2004.
Threeofthesearenewtaxa,namelyNucinulusorbignyanuscrassicostussubsp.nov.,Cuninulusougartaensissp.nov.
and Palinulus saharaensis sp. nov. The four remaining taxa are assigned (one of them questionably) to the genera
Lanceomyonia, Stenorhynchia and Glossinulus of the families Hebetoechiidae, Trigonirhynchiidae, and
Glossinotoechiidae, respectively. • Key words: Lower Devonian, Western Sahara, rhynchonellid brachiopods.
BRICE,D.,BOUMENDJEL,K.,RACHEBOEUF,P.R.&MOTTEQUIN,B.2011.LowerDevonianrhynchonellidbrachio-
podsfromtheOugartaarea(westernSahara,Algeria).BulletinofGeosciences86(1),71–90(14figures,10tables).
CzechGeologicalSurvey,Prague.ISSN1214-1119.ManuscriptreceivedApril28,2010;acceptedinrevisedformDe-
cember 13, 2010; published online March 10, 2011; issued March 14, 2011.
DeniseBrice(correspondingauthor),FacultéLibredesSciencesetTechnologies&InstitutSupérieurd’Agriculture,
UniversitécatholiquedeLille,41rueduPort59046LilleCedex,France;[email protected]•KheiraBoumendjel,
SONATRACH,CentredeRechercheetDéveloppement,Av.du1erNovembre,35000Boumerdès,Algeria•PatrickR.
Racheboeuf,UniversitéEuropéennedeBretagne,UniversitédeBretagneOccidentale,CNRS,UMR6538,Domaines
Océaniques,UFRSciencesetTechniques,Paléontologie,6Av.LeGorgeu–C.S.93837,F-29238Brest-cedex,France;
[email protected] • Bernard Mottequin, Unité de paléontologie animale et humaine, Université de
Liège, Bât. B18 Allée du 6 Août, B4000 Liège 1, Belgium; [email protected]
The‘HomogénéisationProgramme’oftheSONATRACH, completerevisionofpreviouslydescribedtaxafromWest-
initiated in 2004, aimed at a detailed biostratigraphic and ernSahara,includingMorocco.Thisincludestherevision
biogeographicrevisionoftheCambrian-Devoniansucces- ofspecimensdescribedbyLeMaître(1944,1952)fromthe
sioninthewesternAlgerianSahara.Thisprograminclud- Tafilalt (Morocco) and from the Ougarta area (Algeria),
edtwofieldtripsintheAhnetarea(2004)andtheOugarta and more recently by Boumendjelet al.(1997a, b).
area (2005), respectively. As a result, a first collective TheRhynchonellidadescribedhereinbelongtothefam-
work concentrated on the Cambrian–Ordovician time in- ilies Hebetoechiidae Havlíček, 1960, Trigonirhynchiidae
terval,focusinginparticularontheLateOrdovicianglacia- McLaren, 1965, Glossinotoechiidae Havlíček, 1992, and
tionanditsimpactonthedevelopmentoftheLowerPalae- Nucinulidae Sartenaer, 2004. Following Sartenaer (2004,
ozoictransgressiononnorthernGondwana(Ghienneetal. 2005), who described western European taxa usually as-
2007). A second collective study, dealing with the signed to the Family Uncinulidae Rzhonsnitskaia, 1956
Silurian-EarlyDevoniantimeintervalisinprogress.This andtothegenusUncinulusBayle,1878,arevisionofthe
paper presents the first results highlighting taxonomical North African species formerly attributed to these taxo-
andbiostratigraphicalaspects.Thepurposeofthiscollec- nomic units becomes necessary in order to establish their
tiveworkisrestrictedtotheSilurian–EarlyDevoniantime possibleassignationtothedifferentunitsrecentlydefined
interval,andfollowsthepublicationbyWendtetal.(2006) (family, genus, species).
dedicatedtotheMiddleandUpperDevonianoftheAhnet
and Mouydir (Algerian Sahara).
(cid:5)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:3)(cid:26)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:23)(cid:23)(cid:11)(cid:10)(cid:26)
The present paper is dedicated to the rhynchonellid
brachiopods collected in 2004 and 2005 by one of us
(P.R.). The discovery of relatively abundant, well-pre- FromthetwoAlgerianareasstudiedandsampled,theAh-
served specimens, some of which new taxa, implied the net and Ougarta (Fig. 1A) areas, only the second yielded
(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:5)(cid:11)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:31) !""(cid:22)#$%&’((cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:27))* (cid:26)(cid:27)
(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:21)
(cid:30) % "(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:7)#$ A–simplifiedmapofthe
Ougarta mountains (modified from
OualiMehadjietal.2004).•B–sim-
plified geological map of the Haci
Fegaguira area (modified from Ser-
vice de la Carte géologique de
l’Algérie1952).•C–geologicalmap
oftheOugartaareawithlocationof
thestudiedsectionsandthosecitedin
thetext(modifiedfromBoumendjel
et al.1997a).
&
LowerDevonianrhynchonellidbrachiopods.Allrhyncho- lowingrecentstudyandrevision,Nucinulusorbignyanus
nellidsfromtheOugartaareadescribedinthispaperhave crassicostus subsp. nov., Cuninulus ougartaensis sp.
beencollectedfromtheHaciFegaguirasection(alsocalled nov., Palinulus saharaensis sp. nov., and ?Palinulus sp.
DjebelHechesection,orTimimounsectionintheeastern These are present in numerous sections (Figs 1C, 2):
part of the area), about 35 km WSW of Timimoun town, Marhouma,HaciFegaguira,ErgDjemel,ElKseibinup-
andfromtheMarhoumasection(‘km30’sectionoftheli- per Emsian (Paris et al. 1997) except Palinulus
terature). saharaensissp.nov.whichisonlyknownwithcertainty
In the Haci Fegaguira section (Figs 1B, 2), rhyn- in Tafilalt (Morocco), its presence in Ougarta being un-
chonellids were collected in the lowermost part of the certain.
Dkhissa Formation. Lanceomyonia aff. occidentalis was
collectedinacoquinafound11mabovethebaseofthefor-
!(cid:12)(cid:23)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:5)(cid:23)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:17)(cid:20)
mation, and 5 m above the bed with strophochonetids.
?Lanceomyoniaborealiformiswasfound5mhigherinthe
succession,associatedwithotherbrachiopods[Hollardina The rhynchonellids studied are part of Le Maître (1944,
plana,Proschizophoriasp.,Mclearnites(Mclearnites)cf. 1952) and Boumendjel et al. (1997a, b) collections and
lecaroensis, etc.] and trilobites (Acastella tanzidensis, somewerecollectedbyRacheboeufin2005.Allsampled
Digonus zemmourensis). Stenorhynchia briceae was col- localities are situated in Algeria (Ougarta) and Morocco
lectedfromthetopofthe‘barreA’,whichisequivalentto (Tafilalt).Furtherinformationonthelocalitiesisprovided
the‘MurailledeChine’.Specimenscollectedin2004and byLeMaître(1944,1952),Boumendjeletal.(1997a),Pa-
2005fromtheMarhoumasection(Figs1C,2)arefromthe riset al.(1997) and above.
lowerpartoftheChefarelAhmarFormation,correspond- LeMaître’scollectionsaredepositedintheFacultéLi-
ingtotheMH19–28samplingintervalofBoumendjelet bredesSciences&Technologies(Lille,France)andcata-
al.(1997a).TheNucinulidaeSartenaer,2004includefol- logued with the prefix GFCL; Boumendjel et al. and
(cid:26)+
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"(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:7)’$ LithologicalcorrelationsandageassignmentoftheLowerDevonianformationsidentifiedintheinvestigatedsectionsoftheOugartaarea
and distribution of the rhynchonellid brachiopods (modified from Pariset al.1997).
Racheboeuf’scollectionsarecuratedattheLaboratoirede MC–mediancostae,MPC–medianparietalcostae,PC–
Paléontologie,UFRSciencesetTechniques,Universitéde parietalcostae,T–thicknessoftheshell,W–widthofthe
BretagneOccidentale(Brest,France)andindicatedbythe shell, Ws – width of the sulcus.
prefix LPB.
Internalfeatureshavebeenstudiedbyserialtransverse
(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:23)(cid:5)(cid:22)(cid:12)(cid:23)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:23)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:3)(cid:26)(cid:14)
sections with preparation of peels and drawings with the
camera lucida.
Family Hebetoechiidae Havlíček, 1960
Abbreviations.–Localities:DK–Dkhissa,ED–ErgDje- Subfamily Hebetoechiinae Havlíček, 1960
mel, LK – El Kseib, MH – Marhouma, PO – ‘Piste
d’Ougarta’, TSO – Ougarta syncline closure, ZH – Zer- GenusLanceomyoniaHavlíček, 1960
hamra.Systematicpalaeontology:AA–apicalangle,DC–
dorsalcostae,L–lengthoftheshell,LC–lateralcostae, Type species. –Terebratula tardaBarrande, 1847.
(cid:26)(cid:29)
(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:21)
(cid:30) & % (cid:8) )
+ ,
" *
(cid:24)
(cid:2)
- ! .
"(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:7)($ A–J–LanceomyoniaoccidentalisDrot,1964.Ougarta,ErgDjemelsection,uncertainlithostratigraphicunit,?lowerPragian.•A–E–articu-
latedspecimeninventral,dorsal,lateral,anterior,andposteriorviews,GFCL464(=ED121.4).•F–J–articulatedspecimeninventral,dorsal,lateral,an-
terior,andposteriorviews,GFCL465(=ED121.3).•K,L–Lanceomyoniaaff.occidentalisDrot,1964.Ougarta,DjebelHeche,HaciFegaguirasection,
base of the Dkhissa Formation, near Lochkovian/Pragian boundary. K – incomplete ventral valve, LPB 15238. L –dorsal valve, LPB 15237.
M–O–?Lanceomyoniaborealiformis(Siemiradzki,1906).•M–ventralvalve,LPB15240(=DK25),Ougarta,Dkhissasection,topoftheZeimletFor-
mation,upperpartoflowerLochkovian.•N,O–ventralvalveinventralandanteriorviews,LPB15241a,Ougarta,DjebelHeche,HaciFegaguira,uncer-
tain lithostratigraphic unit, ?upper Lochkovian. All × 2.
Lanceomyonia occidentalisDrot, 1964 acuminate, slightly incurved in contact with the dorsal
Figures 2, 3A–J, 4A–E umbo;apicalanglevaryingbetween94°and105°.Dorsal
valvewithlowandwell-definedfoldoriginatinginitsante-
v. 1952 cf. CamarotoechiabarrandiHall.–LeMaître,p.111. rior part.
1964 Lanceomyonia borealiformis occidentalis n. Costaelow,rounded,simple(exceptonecaseofdivi-
subsp.; Drot, pp. 119–123, pl. 17, figs 10–13, sion observed in a lateral costa), originating about
text-figs 53, 54. mid-length of the shell, separated by narrower rounded
grooves;mediancostae(MC:3–4/2–3)widerthanlateral
Material.–Eightarticulatedspecimens(twojuveniles,six ones(LC:2–3/3–4).Spinesandgroovesnearcommissures
adults) from the southeastern part of the Erg Djemel sec- not observed.
tion (ED 121.8) (Le Maître (1952)’s collection). Ventral interior with short and subparallel dental
plates; large apical and small open lateral apical cavities.
Description. – Shell small (maximum L: 16 mm; maxi- Dorsalinterior(Fig.4A–E)withseptumsupportingasmall
mumW:14.9mm;maximumT:11.3mm),dorsibiconvex openseptalium.Ventralanddorsalmusclefieldsnotseen.
(L/T:1.26–1.07),maximumwidthbetweenmid-lengthand
two-thirds of valve length from posterior margin; frontal Remarks. – These specimens only differ from Drot’s
margin straight. (1964)materialbyalowernumberoflateralcostaeandthe
Ventralvalveweaklyconvex,withmaximumconvex- absenceofparietalcostae;theyarethusincludedinLance-
ity in its posterior part; sulcus wide (Ws/W: 065–0.83), omyoniaoccidentalis,whichisvariableinoutlineandor-
shallow, developed in the anterior part of the valve; beak namentation.
(cid:26)(cid:30)
(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:26)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:27)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:9)(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:29)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:25)(cid:30)(cid:31)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:7) (cid:9)!(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:10)"(cid:10) (cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:25)(cid:10)#(cid:9)$(cid:4)%(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:26)
(cid:8)
(cid:30)
& %
)
+
" *
,
-
(cid:2) !
. (cid:24) 0 1
"(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:7)/$ A–E–peelsoftransverseserialsectionsofLanceomyoniaoccidentalisDrot,1964(GFCL466=ED121.8)fromErgDjemelsection
(Ougarta),uncertainlithostratigraphicunit,?lowerPragian;distancesinmmfromthetopoftheventralumboare0.4(A,×20),0.6(B,20),0.7(C,×15),
1.0(D,×15),and1.5(E,×20).•F–K–peelsoftransverseserialsectionsofNucinulusorbignyanuscrassicostatussubsp.nov.fromElKseibsection
(Ougarta),lowestpartofChefarelAhmarFormation,upperEmsian.F–paratypeLPB15253(=LK87–88.10),distanceinmmfromthetopoftheventral
umbois0.9(×7.5).G–K–paratypeLPB15254(=LK87.7),distancesinmmfromthetopoftheventralumboare0.1(G,×10),0.45(H,×12),1.25
(I,×7.5),2.0(J,×4.4),and2.55(K,×3.5).•L–Q–peelsoftransverseserialsectionsofPalinulussaharaensissp.nov.fromsectioninfrontoftheHaci
Remliacliff(Morocco,Tafilalt),term5,upperlowerEmsianorlowerupperEmsian.L–O–GFCL468,distancesinmmfromthetopoftheventralumbo
are0.85(L,×10),1.85(M,×10),2.25(N,×7.5),and2.7(O,×5).P–Q–GFCL37,distancesinmmfromthetopoftheventralumboare1.4(P,×5.5)and
2.2 (Q, × 4.9).
Occurrence.–ThematerialfromOugarta(Fig.2)hasbeen southernAnti-Atlas(DraValley),intheLochkovianofthe
collected by Le Maître (1952) in the southeastern part of Tadoucht section, level 7, between Latericriodus
theErgDjemel,whichwasassignedbyhertoupperSiege- woschmidtiandL.postwoschmidticonodontzones.Never-
nian. theless, the Lochkovian standard conodont zonation was
ThetypematerialofLanceomyoniaborealiformisocci- recentlydiscardedastheL.postwoschmidtiZoneisolder
dentalis(hereemendedinL.occidentalis)comesfromthe than theL.woschmidtiZone (Murphyet al.2004).
westernpartofsouthernMorocco(Draregion)andwascol- Drot (1964, p. 123) also recognized L. occidentalis in
lectedabovetheHowellellamercuriiZone,attributedtothe theTafilalt,whereitisonlyrepresentedbyasinglespeci-
‘Gedinnian’ or ?lower ‘Siegenian’ by Drot (1964, p. 119). men and in numerous Mauritanian locaties (‘Zemmour
Jansen et al. (2007, fig. 2, p. 13) recorded the species in noir’), but pointed out that their age was uncertain.
(cid:26),
(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:21)
Lanceomyoniaaff.occidentalisDrot, 1964 of the Dkhissa Formation (Racheboeuf in Boumendjel et
Figures 2, 3K–L al. 1997b, p. 104) in the El Kseib section (LK 1, LK 7),
Zerhamrasection(ZH1,ZH2),andinthemiddlemember
v. 1997b Lanceomyonia occidentalis Drot, 1964. – Brice (in of the formation in the ‘Piste d’Ougarta’ section (PO 31,
Boumendjelet al.), p. 106. figs 4, 5b, 9a, in Boumendjel et al. 1997a) dated respec-
tively upper Lochkovian and Lochkovian/Pragian bound-
Material.–Onesmallarticulatedspecimen(LPB15239), ary (Pariset al.1997, fig. 1).
12dorsalvalves,onedorsalinternalmould,andfiveven- The specimens (DK 35 and TSO 4) from the lower
tral valves from Ougarta, Haci Fegaguira section (Djebel DkhissaFormationareofupperLochkovianage(Pariset
Heche), Racheboeuf’s 2005 collection. One ventral valve al.1997).
fromtheDkhissasection(DK35)andonespecimenfrom
theOugartaSynclineclosure(TSO4)inBoumendjeletal.
(1997a, b). ?Lanceomyonia borealiformis(Siemiradzki, 1906)
Figures 2, 3M–O
Description. – Ventral valve slightly longer than wide to
wider than long, maximum width at mid-valve, slightly ? 1889 Rhynchonellaborealiformisn.sp.;Szajnocha,p.194
convex, maximum height between umbo and mid-length. (nomen nudum).
Sulcus and costae originating at about mid-valve (3 or 4 ? 1906 Rhynchonella borealiformis Szajnocha. – Siemirad-
broad,low,roundedmediancostaeand4–5narrowerlate- zki, pp. 258, 259, pl. 21, figs 3a–d, 4, 5.
ral ones). v. 1997b ?Lanceomyoniaborealiformis.–Brice(inBoumen-
Dorsalvalveroundedsubpentagonalinoutline,slightly djelet al.), p. 105.
longer than wide to almost as long as wide, maximum
width at mid-valve length, regularly convex, with maxi- Material.–Twoincompleteventralvalves,oneventralin-
mumheightataboutmid-length,moreconvexthanventral ternal mould and one incomplete dorsal valve from the
valve,withfoldoriginatingataboutmid-lengthorslightly Haci Fegaguira section (Ougarta, Djebel Heche, Rache-
anteriorly. Costae rounded, irregular and sometimes di- boeuf’s2005collection);oneventralvalvefromtheDkhis-
vided,originatingatmid-valveorslightlyanteriorly,sepa- sasection(DK25),Boumendjeletal.(1997b,p.105)col-
ratedbynarrowerfurrows.Traceofmedianseptumreach- lection.
ing about mid-length, 4–6, often 4 median costae, 4–7
lateral costae of which one shows a short median groove. Description. – Ventral valve slightly wider than long,
rounded, subpentagonal in outline, regularly moderately
Measurementsinmm.–Articulatedspecimen(LPB15239): convex; sulcus developed anteriorly. Umbones smooth,
L: 14.6+; W: 11.6; T: 9.5; dorsal valves: L: 11.9–18?; W: costaeoriginatingataboutthemid-lengthofthevalve.Or-
10.5–18;ventralvalves:L:15.1?–15.7?;W:13.3–17? namentation consists of four broad, low, rounded median
costae and seven lateral costae. Ventral internal mould
Remarks.–Thesepoorlypreservedspecimensaretentati- with scars of short dental plates ventrally convergent and
velyassignedtoLanceomyoniaoccidentalismainlyonthe muscle field strongly impressed in the valve, which is
basis of their external similarities. They differ from Drot bounded by marked ridges.
(1964)’stypematerialintheircostae,whicharefrequently
irregular,sometimesdividedandwhichoriginatemorepo- Remarks.–Thesebadlypreservedspecimensarequestio-
steriorly. Moreover, their number is more variable. They nably assigned to Lanceomyonia borealiformis (Siemi-
probablybelongtoanewsubspeciesbut,untillargercol- radzki,1906)astheyaresimilarinsize,outline,sulcusand
lections are obtained, it is advisable to leave these speci- ornamentation,andpartlyininternalmorphology.Theab-
mens questionably identified asL.aff.occidentalis. sence of articulated specimens did not permit to observe
longitudinal grooves on paries geniculatus, marginal spi-
Occurrence.–Lanceomyoniaaff.occidentaliswascollec- nes,dorsalseptumandseptalium.Theincompleteventral
ted in Ougarta (Fig. 2), from the Haci Fegaguira section valvefromtheDkhissasection(LPB15240=DK25),at-
(Djebel Heche), in a coquina within the first calcareous tributedbyoneofus(D.B.)(Fig.3M),differsbyitsephe-
sandy bed above the base of the Dkhissa Formation, 5 m bic form, and by its number of costae (three broad, low,
above the bed with strophochonetids (coordinates N 28° rounded median costae and four lateral costae).
52´01.04˝; W 00° 34´27.86˝) and the top of the Zeimlet
Formation(DK25)intheDkhissasection(Boumendjelet Occurrence.–InOugarta(Fig.2),?Lanceomyoniaborea-
al.1997a, fig. 10a–b). liformishasbeencollectedintwosections:theHaciFega-
Thestrophochonetidbedisknowninthelowermember guira section, in the first thick calcareous sandstone bed
(cid:26)-
(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:26)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:27)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:9)(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:29)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:25)(cid:30)(cid:31)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:7) (cid:9)!(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:10)"(cid:10) (cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:25)(cid:10)#(cid:9)$(cid:4)%(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:26)
which yields the Hollardina fauna (N 28° 52´00.69˝;
W 00° 34´27.86˝) (Racheboeuf, field notes), and in the
Dkhissa section (Boumendjel et al. 1997a, p. 85,
figs10a,b),atthebaseofSahebetDjirFormation,nearthe
lower/upper Lochkovian boundary (Paris et al. 1997,
fig.1).Drot(1964,p.119)pointedoutthatsomeformsof
theWilsoniatardagroupweredescribedintheupperLud-
lowinSaourabyPoueyto(inAlimenetal.1952),butstres-
sedthatthisidentificationneedstobeconfirmedafterrevi-
(cid:30) &
sion.
In Morocco, L. borealiformis has been described by
Drot(1964,p.116)fromthewesternpartofsouthernMo-
rocco (Dra region) in beds of ‘Gedinnian’ to ?lower
‘Siegenianage’(bedswithAcastellacf.rouaulti).Further-
more,Drot(1964,p.119)indicatedthatsomeformsofthe
W.tardagroupwerecollectedintheMeseta(Gigout1951,
p.304)inlocalitiesassignedtotheLudlowandWenlock
but probably younger in age. % (cid:8)
Moreover, according to Drot (1964, p. 119), L.
borealiformis is present in Mauritania (‘Zemmour noir’)
but very rare in beds of early ‘Gedinnian’ age bearing
Acastella tiro(Sougy, 1961).
Family Trigonirhynchiidae McLaren
) "
inSchmidt & McLaren, 1965
Subfamily Trigonirhynchiinae McLaren
inSchmidt & McLaren, 1965
Remarks.–InthefirsteditionoftheTreatiseonInverte-
brate Paleontology, part H (Brachiopoda), McLaren
(1965, p. H559) is identified as the author of the Family
*
Trigonorhynchiidae.Thesameyear,Schmidt(1965,p.2)
established Trigonirhynchiidae fam. nov.; Savage (1996,
p.252,2002,p.1052)considersSchmidt(1965)asauthor
oftheFamilyTrigonirhynchiidaeandSubfamilyTrigoni-
rhynchiinae.
+
GenusStenorhynchiaBrice, 1981
-
Type species. –Terebratula nymphaBarrande, 1847.
Stenorhynchia briceaeGarcía-Alcalde
,
(inTruyols-Massoni & García-Alcalde, 1994)
Figures 2, 5, Tables 1–2
"(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:7)2$ A–K – Stenorhynchia briceae García-Alcalde (in Truyols-
v. 1944 Camarotoechia nympha (Barrande). – Le Maître, Massoni & García-Alcalde, 1994). • A – ventral valve, GFCL 467
pp. 47, 48, pl. 6, figs 25, 26. (=EK30),fromElKseib.•B–F–articulatedinternalmouldinventral,
dorsal,lateral,anterior,andposteriorviews,LPB15242,fromOugarta,
v. 1952 Camarotoechia nympha (Barrande). – Le Maître,
Djebel Heche, Haci Fegaguira section, 12 m below bank B, Grès de
p. 112, pl. 21, figs 40, 41.
BenyassinFormation,?baseofEmsian.•G–K–articulatedspecimenin
1994 Stenorhynchia briceae nov. sp.; García-Alcalde (in ventral,dorsal,lateral,anterior,andposteriorviews,LPB15243,Ougarta,
Truyols-Massoni & García-Alcalde), pp. 232, 233, Marhouma section, Chefar el Ahmar Formation (MH 19–28), upper
pl. 3, figs 11–16. Emsian (MH 19–28). All × 2.
(cid:26)(cid:26)
(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:21)
3(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:5)(cid:7)#$ Measurements in mm ofStenorhynchia briceaeGarcía-Alcalde (inTruyols-Massoni & García-Alcalde 1994).
GFCL 427
LPB 15243 LPB 15242 GFCL 30 GFCL 31 GFCL 796
(ventral valve)
L 12.1 15.5 11.1 14.3 12.9 ?
W 14.8 18.3 15.7 16.9 15.5 17.4
T 11.5 12.1 9.9 10.1 7.4 –
AA 101° 105° 106° 105° 111° 100°?
MC 5/4 ?/3 5/5 6/5 6/5 3
PC 0–1/0–1 ?/1–1 1–0/0–0 0 0 1–1
LC 5/5 7–?/7–7 7–6/7–6 5–6/5–5 7–7/6–7 ?
L/W 0.82 0.85 0.71 0.85 0.83 –
T/W 0.78 0.66 0.63 0.60 0.48 –
Ws/W 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.71 0.65 0.70
3(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:5)(cid:7)’$ Comparison between external characters of Stenorhynchia briceae García-Alcalde (in Truyols-Massoni & García-Alcalde, 1994) and
Xahetomus hexadaleidensisSartenaer, 2009 (* = data from type material, J = juvenile specimens).
S. briceae S. briceae X. hexadaleidensis
Asturias (Cabo La Vela) Armorican Massif (La Lézais) Eifel (Wiltz beds)
L*(mm) 8.7–15.8 (J: 4.6–6.7) – 5.9–10.8
W*(mm) 9.4–17.8 (J: 4.6) – 15.6–26
T*(mm) 4.3–11.5 (J: 3.6) – 8.6–14.8
L/W* 0.87–0.98 (J: 0.84) – 0.70–0.95, mostly 0.84–0.89
MC 6/5 (80%), 7/6 (10%), 5/4 (10%) 5–7/4–6, mostly 6/5 6/5 (43%), 4/3 (32%), 5/4 (20%), 3/2 (5%)
PC mostly absent but one median or one
– lateral costa could be considered as 0 (76%), 1–1/1–1 (10%), 0–1/0–1 (7%), 1–0/1–0 (7%)
parietal one
LC 20–25 costae on each valve 6–10, mostly 6/7 (50%) 8/9 (43%), 7/8 (25%), 9/10 (23%), 10/11 (7%), 11/12 (2%)
Ws 60 to 65% of the width – 55 to 73%, mostly 65 to 73% of the width
Material.–Algeria,Ougarta:twospecimens(LPB15243) Ventralinteriorwithshortdentalplates.Dorsalinterior
from Marhouma section, MH 19–28; LPB 15242 from with septum. Muscle fields not observed.
Haci Fegaguira section, Racheboeuf’s 2005 collection,
threeventralvalvesofwhichone(GFCL427)wasillustra- Measurements.– See Table 1.
ted by Le Maître (1952, fig. 40) and one dorsal valve
(GFCL428)figuredbyLeMaître(1952,fig.41)fromEl Remarks.–Thespeciesbriceaeismaintainedinthegenus
Kseibsection,LeMaître’s(1952)collection.Morocco,Ta- Stenorhynchia Brice, 1981 and not assigned to the genus
filalt: Haci Remlia term 5, three specimens of which two XahetomusSartenaer2009asSartenaer(2009,p.34)sug-
(GFCL30,31)illustratedbyLeMaître(1944,figs25,26), gested.Accordingtooneofus(D.B.),X.hexadaleidensis
Le Maître’s (1944) collection. Sartenaer,2009,thetypespeciesofXahetomus,couldbea
synonym of S. briceae García-Alcalde (in Truyols-
Description.–Shellsubtriangulartosubpentagonalinout- Massoni & García-Alcalde, 1994) as it has a similar
line,dorsibiconvex,widerthanlong,maximumwidthan- stronglydorsibiconvexprofile,astronglyserratecommis-
teriorly; anterior commissure strongly serrate, uniplicate. sureandotherexternalcharacters(Table2).However,in-
Ventral valve almost plane, maximum convexity lo- ternally,itappearsthatthecharactersofX.hexadaleidensis
cated posteriorly; beak suberect; sulcus wide (Ws/W: asillustratedbythedrawingsofSartenaer(2009,fig.1c)
0.65–0.70),originatingnearthebeak,flat-bottomed,mod- need to be documented.
eratelydevelopedatthefront;tonguecurvedandlow(ex- In spite of several differences, the specimens from
cept for LPB 15243). Dorsal valve slightly convex with OugartaareassignedtoS.briceae.Thethreespecimens
maximum thickness at or near the anterior commissure. from Haci Remlia (Morocco) are similar to specimen
Shellcoveredbysimple,subangularcostaeoriginating LPB15242fromtheHaciFegaguirasectioninOugarta,
at beak; parietal costae sometimes present. which is characterized by a weakly dorsibiconvex shell
(cid:26)*
(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:26)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:27)(cid:10)(cid:28)(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:9)(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:29)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:25)(cid:30)(cid:31)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:7) (cid:9)!(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:10)"(cid:10) (cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:25)(cid:10)#(cid:9)$(cid:4)%(cid:5)(cid:25)(cid:7)(cid:26)
and a tongue lower than that of specimen LPL15243
from the Marhouma section. The type specimens of S.
briceaefromtheLaLadronaFormationinSpain(Arnao,
Asturias)presentcomparablevariationsintheL/Wand
T/W ratios. For the Spanish material, these ratios vary
between0.84–1(Ws:0.71–0.85forthedescribedmate-
rial) and between 0.45–0.76 (Ws: 0.48–0.78), respec-
tively. &
(cid:30)
Occurrence.–S.briceaeGarcía-Alcalde(inTruyols-Mas-
soni&García-Alcalde,1994)isknownintheIbarmaghian
Domain (sensu Plusquellec 1987), in the lower/upper %
Emsian boundary at Cabo la Vela in Spain (Asturias) ac-
)
cording to García-Alcalde (in Truyols-Massoni &
García-Alcalde,1994),andintheupperEmsianLesMaret-
tesFormationatLaLézaisintheArmoricanMassif(Brice
1981).ThespeciesisrecognizedforthefirsttimeinAlge-
ria(Ougarta)inthreesections(Fig.2):Marhoumasection (cid:8)
(MH19–28)inthelowestpartofChefarelAhmarForma-
tion,upperEmsianinage(Parisetal.1997,fig.1,p.118) "(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:7)4$ A–E–Glossinulusmimicus(Barrande,1879).Ougarta,Mar-
associatedwithGlossinulusmimicus(Barrande,1879),in houmasection,lowestpartofChefarelAhmarFormation(MH19–28),
the Haci Fegaguira section, and in the El Kseib section upperEmsian.Articulatedspecimeninventral,dorsal,lateral,anterior,
and posterior views, LPB 15241. All × 2.
whereitsprecisepositionisuncertain.Thespeciesisalso
presentinMorocco(Tafilalt),intheHaciRemliasection,
term 5, where it is associated with Palinulus saharaensis Material.–NineteenspecimensfromOugarta:fivespeci-
sp. nov. mens from Marhouma section, Racheboeuf’s 2005 col-
lection; eight specimens from Erg Djemel (ED 12: six
specimens, ED 35: one specimen, ED 101: one speci-
Family Glossinotoechiidae Havlíček, 1992 men);fivespecimensfromElKseibsection(EK24),Le
Maître’s (1952) collection and LK 82 (one incomplete
GenusGlossinulusSchmidt, 1942 em. Havlíček, 1961 specimen); LK 86 (two specimens); LK 87 (one speci-
men); LK 88 (one specimen), in Boumendjel et al.
Type species. – Rhynchonella adolfi mimica Barrande, (1997b)collections.
1879.
Description.–Shelltriangularinoutline,small-sized(up
Glossinulus mimicus(Barrande, 1879) to17.2mminlength),dorsibiconvex,posteriorlyacumi-
Figures 2, 6–7, Table 3 nate;anteriorandlateralmarginstruncated,pariesgeni-
culatus,squamae,glottaewithspine-likeprojectionspre-
1879 Rhynchonella Adolphi Barrande var. mimica; Bar- sent.
rande, p. 178. Ventral valve slightly convex in umbonal region then
1942 Uncinulus (Glossiulus) adolphi mimicus (Barr.). – flattenedtoconcaveanteriorly;beaksuberect,limitedlat-
Schmidt, p. 394, figs 16, 17. erallybyroundedcrests;sulcusweak,notclearlydefined;
v. 1952 Uncinulus kayseri (Barrois) (= U. adolphi mimicus tonguehigherthanwide,almostflatandrectangular,with
Barr.).–LeMaître(inAlimenetal.),p.58,figs12, mediancrestorfoldattenuatedonthetongue.Dorsalvalve
13. convex without distinct fold with a weak median sulcus;
v. 1952 Uncinulus kayseri (Barrois) (= U. adolphi mimicus maximum height anteriorly.
Barr.). – Le Maître, p. 116, pl. 21, figs 35–39. Costae numerous, fine, rounded, originating near the
1964 Glossinulus mimicus (Barrande, 1879). – Drot, umbones.
p. 143, pl. 16, figs 1, 2, 14–17, text-figs 62, 63. Ventral interior (Fig. 7) lacking dental plates, small
v. 1997b Glossinulus mimicus (Barrande, 1879). – Brice (in lateral apical and large apical cavities. Dorsal interior
Boumendjelet al.), p. 106. (Fig.7)withhighrectangularcardinalprocesswithshort
2003 Glossinulusmimicus(Barrande,1879)(=Uncinulus ridges.
kayseri [Barrois, 1882]). – Ouali Mehadji, p. 138,
pl. 3, fig. 6. Measurements. – See Table 3.
(cid:26))
(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:21)
Occurrence. – In Algeria (Ougarta) (Fig. 2), some forms
from Erg Djemel and El Kseib, which were identified as
UncinuluskayseribyLeMaître(1952)andcollectedfrom
theParaspirifercultrijugatusZone,wereassignedtoGlos-
sinulus mimicus by Brice (in Boumendjel et al. 1997b).
Barrande’s (1879) species has also been recorded within
theMarhouma(‘km30’),ErgElDjemelandHaciFegagu-
ira sections, in the upper to uppermost Emsian by Ouali
Mehadji (2003, figs 15–17).
Furthermore, G. mimicus has been recognized in the
upperEmsianofsouthernMoroccoandinMaïder-Tafilalt
by Drot (1964, p. 146) and in the southern border of the
Tindoufsyncline.Accordingtothisauthor,italsooccursin
the Emsian of northern Mauritania (Zemmour).
Family Nucinulidae Sartenaer, 2004
GenusNucinulusSartenaer, 2004
Type species. – Terebratula Orbignyana de Verneuil,
1850.
Nucinulus orbignyanus crassicostussubsp. nov.
Figures 2, 4F–K, 8–10; Tables 4–5
?1971 Uncinulusorbignyanus(deVerneuil,1850).–Drot,
p. 70, pl. 1, fig. 2a–c.
v. 1997b Uncinulusorbignyanus(deVerneuil,1850).–Brice
(inBoumendjelet al.), p. 106.
"(cid:11)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:7)5$ TransverseserialsectionsofGlossinulusmimicus(Barrande,
2003 Uncinulusorbignyanus(deVerneuil,1850).–Ouali
1879).Numbersrefertodistancesinmmfromthetopoftheventralumbo;
LPB15244fromtheMarhoumasection(Ougarta,Algeria),lowestpartof Mehadji, p. 129, pl. 3, fig. 3.
Chefar el Ahmar Formation (MH 19–28), upper Emsian.
Types. – Holotype: LPB 15245 (= LK 87.6) (Fig. 8A–E)
3(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:5)(cid:7)($ MeasurementsinmmofGlossinulusmimicus(Barrande,1879). fromElKseibsection.Paratypes:LPB15246(=LK87.8)
Abbreviations:MH–Marhouma;ED–ErgDjemel;EK,LK–ElKseib. (Fig. 8J), LPB 15247 (= LK 87–88.4) (Fig. 8F–I), LPB
15248 (= LK 87–88.5) (Fig. 8K–O), LPB 15249–15253
MH (5) ED (7) EK, LK (8)
(Figs4F,9)(=LK87–88.6,7,8,9,10),samelocalityand
L 11.7–15.9 10.5–17.2 9.8–15.5
level as holotype.
W 13.1–15.7 11.2–17.5 9.2–16.4
T 12.2–14.5 8.2–14.05 7.5–12.9
Typehorizonandlocality.–LowestpartoftheChefarel
AA 83°–90° 80°–91° 79°–91° Ahmar Formation (uppermost Emsian), between LK
MC 11–16/10–15 12?/13–16 13?/14 86–LK88(Boumendjeletal.1997b,fig.1,p.74,fig.9c,p.
LC 16–18? 17? 20? 84), El Kseib section (Ougarta).
L/W 0.89–1.03 0.96–1.02 0.95–1.18
L/T 0.98–1.28 1.17–1.27 1.16–1.4 Material.–Twenty-twospecimensfromtheElKseibsec-
tion(LK85–86,86,87,87–88,91)=Uncinulusorbignya-
Ws/W 0.64–0.76 0.61–0.7 0.66–0.72
nus (Brice in Boumendjel et al. 1997b, p. 106); nineteen
specimensfromElKseib(EK21,24)andthreefromErg
Remarks. – Specimens from the Marhouma section share Djemel(ED12),LeMaître’s(1952)collection;fourspeci-
characters with the type material of Glossinulus mimicus mens and one fragment from Marhouma section (MH
from Bohemia, while some specimens from Erg Djemel 19–28),Racheboeuf’s2005collection;sixspecimensfrom
andElKseibarecharacterizedbyaveryvariableshellsize, the Marhouma section (MA 98, MA 110), Le Maître’s
often smaller than that observed in the type material. (1952) collection.
*(cid:28)