Well-Connected Domains: Towards an Entangled Ottoman History PDF
Preview Well-Connected Domains: Towards an Entangled Ottoman History
Well-Connected Domains <UN> The Ottoman Empire and its Heritage Politics, Society and Economy Edited by Suraiya Faroqhi (Istanbul Bilgi University) Halil İnalcık (University of Vermont) Boğaç Ergene (University of Vermont) Advisory Board Fikret Adanir – Antonis Anastasopoulos – Idris Bostan Palmira Brummett – Amnon Cohen – Jane Hathaway Klaus Kreiser – Hans Georg Majer – Ahmet Yaşar Ocak Abdeljelil Temimi – Gilles Veinstein† VOLUME 57 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/oeh <UN> Well-Connected Domains Towards an Entangled Ottoman History Edited By Pascal W. Firges Tobias P. Graf Christian Roth Gülay Tulasoğlu LEIDEN | BOSTON <UN> Cover image: Montage by Mason Yin based on “Compagnie internationale du chemin de fer du Bosphore — Le pont Abdoul Hamid,” sketch drawing, Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi, Istanbul, YA.HUS, 411/174. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Well-connected domains : towards an entangled Ottoman history / edited By Pascal W. Firges, Tobias P. Graf, Christian Roth, Gülay Tulasoglu. pages cm. -- (The Ottoman Empire and its heritage) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-26670-4 (hardback : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-90-04-27468-6 (e-book) 1. Turkey--History. 2. Turkey--Relations. 3. Turkey--Foreign economic relations. I. Firges, Pascal W. II. Graf, Tobias P. III. Roth, Christian. IV. Tulasoglu, Gülay. DR440.W45 2014 956’.015--dc23 2014011461 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1380-6076 isbn 978-90-04-26670-4 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-27468-6 (e-book) Copyright 2014 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff, Global Oriental and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. <UN> To those who have taught and inspired us ∵ <UN> <UN> Contents Acknowledgements ix Notes on Conventions xi List of Maps and Figures xiii List of Abbreviations xiv Notes on Contributors xvi 1 Introduction 1 Pascal W. Firges and Tobias P. Graf Part 1 Trade, Warfare, and Diplomacy in the Eastern Mediterranean Introduction to Part 1 12 2 Trading between East and West: The Ottoman Empire of the Early Modern Period 15 Suraiya N. Faroqhi 3 Shifting Winds: Piracy, Diplomacy, and Trade in the Ottoman Mediterranean, 1624–1626 37 Joshua M. White 4 Ottoman Seas and British Privateers: Defining Maritime Territoriality in the Eighteenth-Century Levant 54 Michael Talbot 5 French Capitulations and Consular Jurisdiction in Egypt and Aleppo in the Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries 71 Viorel Panaite Part 2 Constructing and Managing Identity Introduction to Part 2 90 6 Fİrāsetle Naẓar Edesİn: Recreating the Gaze of the Ottoman Slave Owner at the Confluence of Textual Genres 93 Nur Sobers-Khan <UN> viii contents 7 Turks Reconsidered: Jakab Harsányi Nagy’s Changing Image of the Ottoman 110 Gábor Kármán 8 Of Half-Lives and Double-Lives: “Renegades” in the Ottoman Empire and Their Pre-Conversion Ties, ca. 1580–1610 131 Tobias P. Graf 9 Aspects of Juridical Integration of Non-Muslims in the Ottoman Empire: Observations in the Eighteenth-Century Urban and Rural Aegean 150 Christian Roth Part 3 Responding to an Age of Challenge Introduction to Part 3 166 10 Gunners for the Sultan: French Revolutionary Efforts to Modernize the Ottoman Military 171 Pascal W. Firges 11 “Humble Efforts in Search of Reform”: Consuls, Pashas, and Quarantine in Early-Tanzimat Salonica 188 Gülay Tulasoğlu 12 Transforming a Late-Ottoman Port-City: Salonica, 1876–1912 207 Sotirios Dimitriadis 13 A Civic Initiative for the Founding of a Museum in the Ottoman Province around 1850 222 Maximilian Hartmuth 14 The Transcultural Dimension of the Ottoman Constitution 235 Aylin Koçunyan Bibliography 259 Printed Primary Sources 259 Published Secondary Sources 263 Unpublished Secondary Sources 287 Index 289 <UN> Acknowledgements The present volume is one of the fruits of a research project on processes of exchange, interaction, and entanglement between the Ottoman Empire and its neighbors in the west entitled “Dynamic Asymmetries in Transcultural Flows at the Intersection of Asia and Europe: The Case of the Early Modern Ottoman Empire” which ran from March 2009 until October 2012 under the umbrella of Heidelberg University’s Cluster of Excellence “Asia and Europe in a Global Context.” The editors are grateful to the Cluster for its extensive and unfailingly generous support—institutional, financial, and ideal—without which neither this volume, nor any of the many workshops and conferences which ultimately resulted in it, would have been possible. We are immensely thankful to the project’s coordinators Thomas Maissen and Michael Ursinus for recognizing the potential of the initial idea and help- ing it to its fruition. It was at the instigation and with the support of Thomas Maissen that we submitted a project proposal to the Cluster of Excellence. Both coordinators allowed us to organize our project with a maximum of autonomy—which we acknowledge as a special privilege, since it was certainly not intended by those who conceived German research structures, to give so much freedom to a “research collective” of four PhD candidates. The great responsibility and creative leeway bestowed upon us certainly encouraged us to aim high. We hope that the results do justice to the faith put in us. We also have to acknowledge our enormous intellectual debt to numerous scholars who have shared their research with us and provided much valuable insight at the abovementioned conferences and workshops. In addition to those who have contributed chapters to this book, we would particularly, though in no particular order, like to thank Hülya Canbakal, Linda Darling, Lejla Demiri, Hakan Erdem, Kate Fleet, Antje Flüchter, Eyal Ginio, Molly Greene, Markus Koller, Felix Konrad, Metin Kunt, Sebastian Meurer, Raoul Motika, Barend Noordam, William O’Reilly, Gauri Parasher, Christine Philliou, Maurus Reinkowski, Susan Richter, Nicolas Schillinger, Akşin Somel, and Peter Trummer, as well as those who have enriched these gatherings with papers which, mainly for reasons of space and thematic compactness, could not be included in this book. The expression “well-connected domains,” as a play on words on the Ottoman Empire’s self-designation as the “well-protected domains,” was origi- nally coined by Aykut Mustak in the search of a suitable title for a graduate workshop in Istanbul jointly organized by the History Program at Sabancı University and our project in December 2009. For us, what began life as a jest, <UN> x Acknowledgements quickly proved a catchy summary of the very phenomenon which our project had set out to investigate. In our endeavors, we have had the privilege of the patient and effective support of our student research assistants Lina Weber, Alev Kaynak, Abir al-Laham, Ayşegül Argıt, Patrick Winckelhorst, and Teresa Roelcke, many of whom have now moved on to produce first-rate research of their own. It has truly been a pleasure to work with our “junior research Ottomans”! We also thank our copy-editor Paul Fletcher whose keen eye and helpful remarks have improved the manuscript. Needless to say, all mistakes are our own. Helpful observations were also kindly provided by the anonymous reviewers. We would furthermore like to express our gratitude to the series editors, as well as Franca de Kort, Thalien Colenbrander, and Maurits van den Boogert at Brill. Finally, we want to thank our spouses, partners, and families for their love and encouragement. <UN>
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