Welfare of the laying hen

423 Pages·2004·3.818 MB·English

by  G C Perry, Poultry Science Symposium

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WELFARE OF THE LAYING HEN
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Poultry Science Symposium Series
Executive Editor (Volumes 1–18): B.M. Freeman
1 Physiology of the Domestic Fowl*
2 Protein Utilization by Poultry*
3 Environmental Control in Poultry Production*
4 Egg Quality – A Study of the Hen’s Egg*
5 The Fertility and Hatchability of the Hen’s Egg*
6 i. Factors Affecting Egg Grading*
ii. Aspects of Poultry Behaviour*
7 Poultry Disease and World Economy
8 Egg Formation and Production
9 Energy Requirements of Poultry*
10 Economic Factors Affecting Egg Production*
11 Digestion of the Fowl*
12 Growth and Poultry Meat Production
13 Avian Coccidiosis*
14 Food Intake Regulation in Poultry*
15 Meat Quality in Poultry and Game Birds
16 Avian Immunology
17 Reproductive Biology of Poultry
18 Poultry Genetics and Breeding
19 Nutrient Requirements of Poultry and Nutritional Research*
20 Egg Quality – Current Problems and Recent Advances*
21 Recent Advances in Turkey Science
22 Avian Incubation
23 Bone Biology and Skeletal Disorders
24 Poultry Immunology*
25 Poultry Meat Science
26 Welfare of the Laying Hen
*Out of Print
Volumes 1–24 were not published by CAB International. Those still in print may be
ordered from:
Carfax Publishing Company
PO Box 25, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3UE, England
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Welfare of the Laying Hen
Poultry Science Symposium Series
Volume Twenty-seven
Edited by
G.C. Perry
Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, UK
CABI Publishing
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CABI Publishing is a division of CAB International
CABI Publishing CABI Publishing
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©CAB International 2004. All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically,
mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior
permission of the copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,
London, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
World’s Poultry Science Association. Meeting. (2003 : Bristol, England)
Welfare of the laying hen / edited by G.C. Perry.
p. cm. -- (Poultry science symposium series ; 27)
Proceedings of the World’s Poultry Science Association Meeting held in Bristol,
England, July 2003.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-85199-813-5 (alk. paper)
1. Hens--Congresses. 2. Poultry--Congresses. I. Perry, G. C. (Graham, C.) II. Title.
III. Series: Poultry science symposium ; no. 27.
SF481.2.P66 2003
636.5--dc22
2003026169
ISBN 0 85199 813 5
Typeset by MRM Graphics Ltd, Winslow, Bucks
Printed and bound in the UK by Cromwell Press, Trowbridge
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C
ONTENTS
CONTRIBUTORS ix
PREFACE xiii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
xv
CHAPTER 1
The importance of welfare 1
J.K. Kirkwood
PART I: The stakeholders 9
Sustainability
CHAPTER 2
Hen welfare: consumers’ perspective 11
P.A.W. Parrott
CHAPTER 3
Government views on the welfare of laying hens 23
D.G. Pritchard
Global impact
CHAPTER 4
The politics of hen welfare 31
D. Wilkins
CHAPTER 5
Impact of the World Trade Organization on hen welfare 39
D. Bowles
Consumer views
CHAPTER 6
The food retailer–consumer relationship, with particular reference to
animal welfare 47
R. Layton
CHAPTER 7
Quality assurance 51
J. Gittins
v
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vi Contents
The producer
CHAPTER 8
The producer and hen welfare 55
A. Jorêt
PART II: Overviews 65
CHAPTER 9
The laying hen: systems of egg production 67
A. Elson
CHAPTER 10
Stress and the welfare of laying hens 81
J.P. Thaxton
Part III: Welfare issues 97
Genetic issues
CHAPTER 11
Genetic influences on resource use, fear and sociality 99
J.-M. Faure and R.B. Jones
CHAPTER 12
The genetics of feather pecking and cannibalism 109
J.B. Kjaer and P.M. Hocking
CHAPTER 13
Breeding for productivity and welfare of laying hens 123
W.M. Muir and H.-W. Cheng
Perception and cognition
CHAPTER 14
Sensory perception: chemoreception 139
D.E.F. McKeegan
CHAPTER 15
Vision in the laying hen 155
N.B. Prescott, J.R. Jarvis and C.M. Wathes
CHAPTER 16
Pain and the laying hen 165
M. Gentle and S. Wilson
CHAPTER 17
Chicken cognition 177
C.J. Nicol
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Contents vii
Behaviour
CHAPTER 18
Social space for laying hens 191
J.J. Cooper and M.J. Albentosa
CHAPTER 19
Nesting, perching and dustbathing 203
L.J. Keeling
CHAPTER 20
Environmental enrichment: the need for practical strategies to
improve poultry welfare 215
R.B. Jones
CHAPTER 21
Feather pecking and feather loss 227
T.B. Rodenburg and P. Koene
CHAPTER 22
Cannibalism 239
R.C. Newberry
Health and disease
CHAPTER 23
Skeletal disorders in laying hens: the problem of osteoporosis and
bone fractures 259
C.C. Whitehead
CHAPTER 24
Disease control 279
D. Shingleton
Stockmanship and quality of the environment
CHAPTER 25
Environmental management for laying hens 283
J.-M. Aerts, C.M. Wathes and D. Berckmans
CHAPTER 26
Lighting 299
G.C. Perry
CHAPTER 27
Nutrition, feedstuffs and feeding 313
M.G. MacLeod
CHAPTER 28
Human–animal interactions 329
P.H. Hemsworth
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viii Contents
Handling, transport and slaughter
CHAPTER 29
Handling and catching of hens during depopulation 345
D.B. Tinker, P.S. Berry, J.A. Rycroft and N.H. Sparks
CHAPTER 30
Transport of chicks, pullets and spent hens 361
M.A. Mitchell and P.J. Kettlewell
CHAPTER 31
Stunning and slaughter 375
A.B.M. Raj
Part IV: Outcomes 391
CHAPTER 32
Priorities 393
M.C. Appleby
Part V: Poster abstracts
397
Index 421
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C
ONTRIBUTORS
J.-M. Aerts, Department of Agro Engineering and Economics, Katholicke
Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
M.J. Albentosa, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lincoln,
Riseholme Hall, Lincoln LN2 2LG, UK
M.C. Appleby, The Humane Society of the United States, 2100 L Street,
NW Washington, DC 20037, USA
D. Berckmans, Katholicke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-
3001 Leuven, Belgium
P.S. Berry, Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedfordshire
MK45 4HS, UK
D. Bowles, RSPCA, Wilberforce Way, Southwater, Horsham, West Sussex
RH13 9PS, UK
H.-W. Cheng, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-ARS, West
Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
J.J. Cooper, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lincoln,
Riseholme Hall, Lincoln LN2 2LG, UK
A. Elson, ADAS Gleadthorpe, Meden Vale, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire
NG20 9PF, UK
J.-M. Faure, Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA Centre de Tours, 37380
Nouzilly, France
M. Gentle, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK
J. Gittins, ADAS, Ceres House, 2 Searby Road, Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN2
4DW, UK
P.H. Hemsworth, Animal Welfare Centre, University of Melbourne and
Department of Primary Industries, Victorian Institute of Animal Science,
Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
P.M. Hocking, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS,
UK
J.R. Jarvis, Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedfordshire
MK45 4HS, UK
ix
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x Contributors
R.B. Jones, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK
A. Jorêt, Deans Foods Ltd, The Moors, Bilsthorpe, Newark,
Nottinghamshire NG22 8TS, UK
L.J. Keeling, Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish
University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 234, SE-532 23, Skara, Sweden
P.J. Kettlewell, Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedfordshire
MK45 4HS, UK
J.K. Kirkwood, Universities Federation for Animal Welfare and Humane
Slaughter Association, The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead,
Hertfordshire AL4 8AN, UK
J.B. Kjaer, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal
Health and Welfare, PO Box 39, Foulum, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
P. Koene, Ethology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen
University, PO Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
R. Layton, rlconsulting, Wytham, Oxford OX2 8QJ, UK
M.G. MacLeod, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS,
UK
D.E.F. McKeegan, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25
9PS, UK
M.A. Mitchell, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS,
UK
W.M. Muir, Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West
Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
R.C. Newberry, Center for the Study of Animal Well-being, Washington
State University, PO Box 646520, Pullman, WA 99164-6520, USA
C.J. Nicol, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol,
Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
P.A.W. Parrott, Harper Adams University College, Newport, Shropshire
TF10 8NB, UK
G.C. Perry, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol,
Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
N.B. Prescott, Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedfordshire
MK45 4HS, UK
D.G. Pritchard, Animal Health and Welfare Directorate General,
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street,
London SW1P 4PQ, UK
A.B.M. Raj, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol,
Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK