Welfare and Wisdom

193 Pages·6.655 MB·English

by  John S Morgan

WELFARE AND WISDOM
Edited by John S. Morgan
At a time when terms like “The Great Society” and “War against
Poverty” are commonly used to indicate growing public aware-
ness of welfare as a concern of national and international policy,
and when the advantages of welfare are being questioned and de-
bated in many areas of the community, this fundamental examina-
tion of the meaning and nature of welfare is a signifi cant contribu-
tion. It represents the ideas of four world-famous scholars, each of
them from a different cultural tradition and a different academic
discipline; these scholars were carefully chosen by the School of
Social Work, University of Toronto, to present a series of lectures
marking the fi ftieth anniversary of the School, and the result is a
well-integrated, provocative, and authoritative statement on this
social institution which accounts for the consumption of more
than one-tenth of the national income of all modern industrialized
societies. The theme of all their remarks is the wisdom of wel-
fare: each contributor speaks in the light of his own academic and
cultural experience, and each re-defi nes welfare in terms of twen-
tieth-century knowledge, making signifi cant proposals for the fur-
ther exploration of the underlying ideas in his topic. In his intro-
ductory Commentary Professor Morgan considers the ideas which
have particular relevance for Canada as touchstones for the future
welfare of this country. All the contributors agree that welfare as
an expression of human aspirations and as a legitimate expectation
of organized society deserves a signifi cant proportion of society’s
human and material resources.
This is a book which will merit careful reading by all those
concerned with this most critical area of social behaviour. Social
scientists and social workers will fi nd it stimulating. Fundraisers
and contributors alike will benefi t greatly from the thoughtful
statements presented here.
Contributors:
T. H. MARSHALL, Professor-Emeritus of Sociology, Universi-
ty of London (“Welfare in the Context of Social Development”
and “Welfare in the Context of Social Policy”); EUGEN PUSIĆ,
Professor of Public Administration, University of Zagreb (“The
Political Community and the Future of Welfare”); MALCOLM
ADISESHIAH, of India, economist, Deputy-Director -General of
UNESCO (“Welfare in Economic Thought” and “Welfare in Eco-
nomic Action”); CHARLES FRANKEL, Professor of Philosophy,
Columbia University, currently on leave to serve as Assistant Sec-
retary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs in Washington
(“The Moral Framework of the Idea of Welfare” and “The
Transformation of Welfare”); and JOHN S. MORGAN, Editor,
Professor of Social Work, University of Toronto.
WELFARE·
AND
WISDOM
Edited by
JOHN S. MORGAN
Lectures delivered on the
Fiftieth Anniversary of the
School of Social Work of the
University of Toronto
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS

Foreword
CHARLES E. HENDRY
THE PUBLICATION OF THIS BOOK is the culmination and climax of a
celebration, the Fiftieth Anniversary of the University of Toronto
graduate School of Social Work. Its theme, the meaning of welfare
in the modern world, is in the tradition of Urwick, Maciver, and
Cassidy, former directors of the School. Its format and pattern,
interdisciplinary and international, emphasize its universal rele­
vance and rationale.
Warm appreciation is expressed to the President of the University,
Dr. Claude Bissell, for his personal and official interest and support.
Dr. Bissell quickly sensed the timeliness and significance of the
undertaking, in terms of both its substantive and its strategic
importance.
My colleagues and I are grateful also to the Dean of the School
of Graduate Studies, the heads of the departments of Sociology,
Economics, Political Science, and Philosophy for their co-operation,
the Dean and Director of the Faculty of Music and the Master of
Massey College for their helpfulness in providing the MacMillan
Theatre for the lectures and the Upper Library for the colloquia,
the secretary of the School for her most effective supervision of the
operation, and not least to the Director of the University of Toronto
Press and the members of his staff who, in co-operation with
Professor Morgan and Mrs. Florence Strakhovsky, edited, designed,
and produced this commemorative volume.
Special thanks are reserved for Professor John Morgan, who has
vi Charles E. Hendry
served as editor and who has written an interpretive and integrative
essay by way of a formal introduction to the publication of the
eight lectures. While his primary focus is on meanings and implica­
tions for Canada, the lectures themselves, as well as Professor
Morgan's essay, go well beyond the provincialism of geography, the
parochialism of institutions, and the professionalism of any profes­
sion. Our indebtedness to the four distinguished scholars who came
to Toronto and who delivered the eight lectures here reproduced is
beyond calculation. We trust that this Fiftieth Anniversary volume,
Welfare and Wisdom, may provide perspective, incentive, and
guidance in the development of humane and liberating social and
economic policy. Our hope is that all who read this book will find
in it a design for dignity.
CHARLES E. HENDRY
Director, School of Social Work
University of Toronto
September, 1965
Contents
FOREWORD by Charles E. Hendry V
JOHN S. MORGAN
3
Welfare and Wisdom: A Commentary
T. H. MARSHALL
Welfare in the Context of Social Development 25
in
Welfare the Context of Social Policy 41
EUGEN PUSIC
The Political Community and the Future of Welfare 61
MALCOLM S. ADISESHIAH
in
Welfare Economic Thought: Some Micro­
Economic Propositions 97
in
Welfare Economic Action: Some Macro­
Economic Conclusions 117
CHARLES FRANKEL
The Moral Framework of the Idea of Welfare 147
The Transformation of Welfare 165
This page intentionally left blank
JOHN S. MORGAN
Welfare and Wisdom:
A Commentary