Wcdma: Towards Ip Mobility and Mobile Internet (Artech House Universal Personal Communications Series)

485 Pages·2001·4.02 MB·English

by  Tero Ojanpera

WCDMA: Towards IP Mobility
and Mobile Internet
WCDMA: Towards IP Mobility
and Mobile Internet
Tero Ojanper(cid:228)
Ramjee Prasad
Editors
Artech House
Boston (cid:149) London
www.artechhouse.com

LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
WCDMA:towardsIPmobilityandmobileinternet/TeroOjanper(cid:228),RamjeePrasad,
editors.
p.cm.(cid:151)(ArtechHouseuniversalpersonalcommunicationsseries)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN1-58053-180-6(alk.paper)
1.Codedivisionmultipleaccess.2.Wirelesscommunicationsystems(cid:151)Standards.
3.Mobilecommunicationsystems(cid:151)Standards.4.Internet.I.Ojanper(cid:228),Tero.
II.Prasad,Ramjee.III.Series.
TK5103.452.W395 2000 00-050812
621.3845(cid:151)dc21 CIP
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData
WCDMA:towardsIPmobilityandmobileInternet.(cid:151)(Artech
Houseuniversalpersonalcommunicationsseries)
1.Codedivisionmultipleaccess 2.Wirelesscommunication
systems(cid:151)Standards
I.Ojanpera,Tero II.Prasad,Ramjee
621.3(cid:146)845
ISBN1-58053-461-9
CoverdesignbyIgorValdman
'2001TeroOjanper(cid:228)andRamjeePrasad
Allrightsreserved.PrintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Nopartofthisbook
may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system,
withoutpermissioninwritingfromtheauthors.
Alltermsmentionedinthisbookthatareknowntobetrademarksorservicemarkshave
been appropriately capitalized. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this
information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of
anytrademarkorservicemark.
InternationalStandardBookNumber:1-58053-180-6
LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:00-050812
10987654321

Books are the joy of life, and learning is a never-ending experience.
To my wife Tiinaandtoour sons Eerik andElias
(cid:1) Tero Ojanper‰
To my wifeJyoti, to ourdaughter Neeli,
and to our sons Anand and Rajeev
(cid:1) Ramjee Prasad
CONTENTS
PREFACE xvii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xxi
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION 1
TeroOjanper‰andRamjeePrasad
1.1 MultipleAccess 1
1.1.1ClassificationofCDMA 2
1.2 CDMA:Past,Present,andFuture 3
1.3 MobileCellularEra 4
1.3.1GSM 7
1.3.2US-TDMA(IS-54/IS-136) 10
1.3.3IS-95 11
1.3.4PersonalDigitalCellular 12
1.4 Third-GenerationSystems 12
1.4.1ObjectivesandRequirements 12
1.4.2IMT-2000AirInterfaceSelections 13
1.4.3Europe 14
1.4.4Japan 17
1.4.5TheUnitedStates 18
1.4.6Korea 19
1.4.7GlobalHarmonizedWidebandCDMA 19
1.4.8GlobalThird-GenerationStandardization 20
1.5 FrequencyAllocationforThird-GenerationSystems 21
1.6 AirInterfaceTechnologiesforThird-GenerationSystems 22
1.6.1WidebandCDMA 22
1.6.2TDMA 23
1.6.3WCDMATDD 25
1.6.4OrthogonalFrequencyDivisionMultiplexing 25
1.7 PreviewoftheBook 26
References 27
CHAPTER2 BASICPRINCIPLESOFCDMA 33
TeroOjanper‰andRamjeePrasad
vii
viii
2.1 Introduction 33
2.2 CDMAConcepts 33
2.2.1Spread-SpectrumMultipleAccess 37
2.3 BasicDS-CDMAElements 46
2.3.1RAKEReceiver 46
2.3.2PowerControl 47
2.3.3SoftHandover 48
2.3.4InterfrequencyHandover 50
2.3.5MultiuserDetection 50
2.4 IS-95CDMA 51
2.4.1DownlinkChannelStructure 52
2.4.2UplinkChannelStructure 56
2.4.3PowerControl 59
2.4.4SpeechCodecsandDiscontinuousTransmission 63
References 63
CHAPTER3 MOBILEINTERNET 65
TeroOjanper‰
3.1 Introduction 65
3.2 MarketOutlook 67
3.3 WirelessPortals 68
3.4 BusinessModeloftheMobileInternet 68
3.5 MobileInternetTechnologies 69
3.5.1WAP 69
3.5.2i-Mode 70
3.6 Third-GenerationApplicationScenario 70
3.7 Internet 71
3.8 WirelessVideo 74
3.9 MultimediaServices 76
3.10 IMT-2000BearerServices 76
3.11 TrafficModels 77
3.11.1 Real-TimeServices 77
3.11.2 Non-Real-TimeServices 78
References 81
CHAPTER4 RADIOOPERATINGENVIRONMENTSANDTHEIR
IMPACTONSYSTEMDESIGN 83
TeroOjanper‰andRamjeePrasad
4.1 Introduction 83
4.2 MultipathChannel 85
4.3 RadioEnvironments 87
4.3.1VehicularRadioEnvironment 88
Contents ix
4.3.2OutdoortoIndoorandPedestrianRadioEnvironment 88
4.3.3IndoorOfficeRadioEnvironment 89
4.4 DistributionFunctions 89
4.5 PathLossandDeploymentModels 91
4.5.1VehicularRadioEnvironment 91
4.5.2OutdoortoIndoorandPedestrianRadioEnvironment 91
4.5.3IndoorOfficeRadioEnvironment 94
4.6 Small-ScaleModels 95
4.6.1VehicularRadioEnvironment 95
4.6.2OutdoortoIndoorandPedestrianRadioEnvironment 97
4.6.3IndoorOfficeRadioEnvironment 98
4.6.4SpatialChannelModels 100
4.7 MobilityModels 100
4.7.1VehicularRadioEnvironment 101
4.7.2OutdoortoIndoorandPedestrianRadioEnvironment 101
4.7.3IndoorOfficeRadioEnvironment 102
References 105
CHAPTER5 CDMAAIRINTERFACEDESIGN 107
TeroOjanper‰
5.1 Introduction 107
5.2 DefinitionofRequirementsandGeneralDesignProcess 107
5.3 LayeredAirInterfaceStructure 109
5.4 LogicalChannels 110
5.5 PhysicalChannels 110
5.5.1FrameLengthDesign 111
5.5.2MeasurementSignaling 112
5.5.3PilotSignals 112
5.6 SpreadingCodes 114
5.6.1BasicPropertiesofSpreadingCodes 114
5.6.2Pseudo-NoiseSequences 116
5.6.3OrthogonalCodes 117
5.6.4SelectionCriteria 119
5.7 Modulation 121
5.7.1DataModulation 122
5.7.2SpreadingCircuits 123
5.7.3SpreadingModulation 125
5.8 ErrorControlSchemes 126
5.8.1SelectionofErrorControlCodes 126
5.8.2ConvolutionalCodes 126
5.8.3ConcatenatedReed-Solomon/ConvolutionalCoding 126
5.8.4TurboCodes 127
5.8.5HybridARQSchemes 127